ABSTRACT
Nano fertilizers have emerged as a cutting-edge innovation in agricultural practices, poised to redefine nutrient delivery and management at the plant-soil interface. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the effects and consequences of nano fertilizer application on plant wellness. The inherent properties of nanoparticles allow for enhanced nutrient absorption, precise delivery, and increased bioavailability, potentially revolutionizing traditional fertilization methods. The results, as evidenced by multiple studies, indicate significant improvements in growth parameters, seed production, and overall plant health. Moreover, plants treated with nano fertilizers have shown heightened resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses. However, while the benefits are promising, concerns arise regarding the ecological persistence of nanoparticles, potential bio-magnification, and implications for human health. A comparative analysis with conventional fertilizers revealed nano fertilizers' superior efficiency, but also brought forth economic considerations and environmental footprints. The current regulatory landscape is dynamic, with policies adapting to the rapid advancements of nanotechnology in agriculture. As research continues to bridge existing gaps, technological advancements are concurrently shaping the future prospects of nano fertilizer application. This review underscores the need for a balanced understanding of the potential and challenges, emphasizing collaborative efforts to harness nano fertilizers' full potential while ensuring ecological and human health safety.
ABSTRACT
It explores the potential of advanced fertilizers in improving maize yield and quality while addressing environmental and socioeconomic concerns. Investigating the innovations in fertilizer technologies and their impact on maize cultivation, identifying research gaps and suggesting policy recommendations. The potential of advanced fertilizers for enhancing maize yield and quality while tackling environmental and socioeconomic issues: Advanced fertilizers, marked by enhanced nutrient use efficiency and targeted nutrient delivery, present valuable prospects for sustainable corn farming. This includes progress in fertilizer technologies, combined management strategies, and the effects of these cutting-edge products on corn yield and quality. Additionally, we explore research gaps, areas requiring further study, and policy suggestions to support the adoption of advanced fertilizers in corn production systems. By seizing these opportunities and addressing the related challenges, the global agricultural community can strive for more sustainable, efficient, and productive corn farming practices that contribute to improved food security and nutrition.
ABSTRACT
Thirty rice genotypes were evaluated to study genetic divergence under irrigated and drought stress conditions in randomized block design at Bagusala farm, M. S. Swaminathan School of Agriculture, CUTM, Odisha, during summer 2019. The main objective of this experiment was to identify reproductive phase drought tolerant genotypes through study the effect of drought stress on yield, yield attributing and biochemical traits performance of selected genotypes using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. Set of 30 genotypes were grouped in to five and nine clusters under irrigated and drought situation. Under irrigated conditions cluster-Ⅰ was largest cluster with 22 genotypes followed by cluster-Ⅱ includes 5 genotypes cluster-Ⅲ, IV and V each consisted with only one genotype. Under drought condition, genotypes were grouped into nine different clusters, cluster-Ⅰ was the largest cluster involving 20 genotypes followed by cluster-Ⅱ having 3 genotypes whereas, cluster-Ⅲ, IV, Ⅴ, Ⅵ, Ⅶ, Ⅷ and Ⅸ were recorded with single genotype. The maximum intra cluster distances under irrigated conditions were found in cluster- Ⅱ (27111.9) followed by cluster-Ⅰ (17587.7). Whereas, in case of stress cluster-Ⅱ had maximum distance (21110.9) fallowed by cluster-Ⅰ (17957.8). Under irrigated maximum inter-cluster distances recorded between cluster-Ⅱ and Ⅴ (62310.8) followed by cluster-Ⅳ and Ⅴ (57656.0). In case of stress maximum inter cluster distances recorded between cluster -Ⅱ and Ⅶ (69865.5) fallowed by cluster- Ⅷ and Ⅸ (67848.9), cluster-Ⅱ and Ⅸ (65239.2). Under irrigate conditions highest manifestation towards genetic divergence was exhibited by chlorophyll followed by plant yield, 1000 grain weight, proline, number of spikelets, carbohydrates, grain weight, phenols, panicle length, panicle weight, flavonoids, number of filled grains, plant height and number of tillers. In case of drought stress, maximum percentage contribution towards to the genetic divergence was observed for Proline followed by carbohydrates, plant height, plant yield, grain weight, chlorophyll, number of spikelets, flavonoids, 1000grain weight, filled grains, phenols, panicle weight, panicle length and number of tillers, while other trait like root length did not contribute to the total divergence. The genotypes grouped under cluster Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅴ, Ⅷ namely MTU1010, MTU1075, MTU1224, RNR2465 and Manipur black rice exhibited maximum drought tolerance under stress conditions. These genotypes can be used as the donor parents for development of drought tolerant lines in crop improvement programme.