Factors Influencing on Intention to Use Mobile Application for Health Promotion in Middle Aged Women: Applying the Health Belief Model / 재활간호학회지

Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing on intention to use mobile application (app) for health promotion in middle-aged women aged 40 to 64 years. @*Methods@#A total of 586 women participated in the self-report questionnaires through an online survey. Data were collected from February 10 to 16, 2021. Data were analyzed using x 2 test and logistic regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 22.0. @*Results@#429 (73.2%) participants had intention to use mobile app for health promotion. Factors influencing on intention to use mobile app in this study were perceived usefulness (odds ratio [OR]=5.62, 95% confidence interval [CI]=3.45~9.14, p<.001), perception of health risks (OR=1.45, 95% CI=1.09~1.81, p=.012), no experience of mobile app use (OR=0.57, 95% CI=1.09~2.59, p=.018), and obesity (OR=2.93, 95% CI=1.76~4.87, p<.001). @*Conclusion@#This study suggests that it is important to improve awareness about usefulness of mobile apps and health risks as a strategy to increase the intention to use app for health promotion in addition to develop mobile apps for weight management in middle-aged women. In addition, mobile app interventions at public health centers are required to manage the middle-aged women’s health as an active community-based health management.

Factors Influencing Urinary Incontinence Quality of Life among Elderly Women in Home Visiting Healthcare Services

Purpose@#The purpose of this study is to identify factors affecting the urinary incontinence (UI) prevalence and the quality of life among elderly adult women who are subject to home visiting healthcare services. @*Methods@#A cross-sectional study was conducted with 400 women aged 60 or over who were registered for home health care services at one health center in Gangwon-do. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire consisting of UI severity, UI type, and the quality of life. The UI severity was assessed using International Consultation of Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF), the quality of life using Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL), and type of UI using Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis (QUID). The data were analyzed by using x2 test, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s Correlation, binary logistic, and multiple lineal regression. @*Results@#The prevalence of UI is 51.7%. The mean score of ICIQ-SF was 9.70±4.04 for women with UI and 0.04±0.51 for women without UI (t=-33.67, c<.001). As the frequency of day time urination (OR=1.34), the subjective health status (OR=1.45), and the educational status (OR=0.90) were higher, the risk of UI prevalence was the higher. The factors affecting I-QOL were ICIQ-SF score, mixed UI, subjective health status, and nighttime urination (adjusted R2 =.61). @*Conclusion@#The results of this study showed that UI severity, mixed UI, subjective health status, and day time urination affected the quality of life. It suggests that the assessment for the severity and type of UI be needed to prevent UI or improve the quality of life of UI vulnerable elderly adult women.

Factors Influencing the Turnover Intention of COVID-19 Ward and General Ward Nurses in Public Hospitals / 한국직업건강간호학회지

Purpose@#This study aimed to determine the factors influencing the turnover intention of nurses in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and general wards. @*Methods@#Data were collected through a survey of 340 nurses at seven public hospitals in Gyeonggi Province from October 12 to October 30 in 2020. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. @*Results@#The job demand stress of nurses in COVID-19 wards was 63.99±8.05 points, which was lower than 65.77±7.35 points of nurses in general wards. The turnover intention of nurses in COVID-19 wards was 3.24±0.74 points, which was higher than the 3.06±0.67 points of those in general wards. The multiple regression analysis indicates that the factors affecting the turnover intention of the two groups (COVID-19 and general wards) were type of wards (β=-.15, p<.001), age (COVID-19 wards: β=-.37, p<.001, General wards: β=-.40, p<.001), job resource stress (COVID-19 wards: β=.52, p<.001, general indicates: β=.60, p<.001), and clinical experience in present wards (COVID-19: β=.13, p=.021). @*Conclusion@#The results indicate that nurses who care for COVID-19 patients have higher turnover intentions than general nurses and suggests that a decrease in the job resource stress is vital for reducing nurse turnover intentions.

Factors Influencing the Turnover Intention of COVID-19 Ward and General Ward Nurses in Public Hospitals / 한국직업건강간호학회지

Purpose@#This study aimed to determine the factors influencing the turnover intention of nurses in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and general wards. @*Methods@#Data were collected through a survey of 340 nurses at seven public hospitals in Gyeonggi Province from October 12 to October 30 in 2020. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. @*Results@#The job demand stress of nurses in COVID-19 wards was 63.99±8.05 points, which was lower than 65.77±7.35 points of nurses in general wards. The turnover intention of nurses in COVID-19 wards was 3.24±0.74 points, which was higher than the 3.06±0.67 points of those in general wards. The multiple regression analysis indicates that the factors affecting the turnover intention of the two groups (COVID-19 and general wards) were type of wards (β=-.15, p<.001), age (COVID-19 wards: β=-.37, p<.001, General wards: β=-.40, p<.001), job resource stress (COVID-19 wards: β=.52, p<.001, general indicates: β=.60, p<.001), and clinical experience in present wards (COVID-19: β=.13, p=.021). @*Conclusion@#The results indicate that nurses who care for COVID-19 patients have higher turnover intentions than general nurses and suggests that a decrease in the job resource stress is vital for reducing nurse turnover intentions.

Influencing Factors on the Urinary Incontinence Related Quality of Life in Older Rural Women Aged 60 or Over

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to identify factors affecting the quality of life among community-dwelling older women with urinary incontinence (UI). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 475 women aged 60 or over who were recruited from 10 primary health care facilities in rural Korea. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic, health-related, and UI-related characteristics. The quality of life was assessed using Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL). SPSS/WIN 23.0 program was used to analyze descriptive statistics, χ2 test, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s Correlation, and hierarchical regression. RESULTS: Of 475 subjects, 180 (37.9%) had urinary incontinence. The mean scores of I-QOL of women with and without UI were 76.87 and 94.77, respectively. The results of hierarchical regression analysis show that the Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis total score was the greatest influencing factor, followed by age and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form total score. CONCLUSION: The study revealed that factors related to UI symptoms are more likely to have impact on the quality of life in women with UI. It suggests that early detection or management of UI is important in improving the quality of life of women with UI.

Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Women's Toileting Behavior Scale / 대한배뇨장애요실금학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the Toileting Behavior Scale (KTBS) to assess women's toileting behavior related to urinary elimination. METHODS: The original English version, the Toileting Behavior: Women's Elimination Behaviors scale, was translated into Korean with forward and backward translation. Examinations of internal consistency reliability, construct validity using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, item convergent validity, and discriminant validity were conducted with SPSS/WIN 23.0 and AMOS/WIN 23.0 software. Concurrent validity was examined with the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form. RESULTS: Cronbach α for the overall scale was 0.78, and the 5 subscales ranged from 0.79 to 0.94. The exploratory factor analysis revealed 5 factors for the 17-item scale. Confirmatory factor analysis supported good convergent and discriminant values (λ=0.49–0.96, critical ratio=4.51–15.68>1.97, P<0.05, construct reliability=0.72–0.97). The concurrent validity was supported by correlation with the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (r=0.146, P=0.011). CONCLUSIONS: The KTBS (17 items) is an appropriate tool to measure older Korean women's toileting behavior with good validity and reliability.

Sexual Maturation, Attitudes towards Sexual Maturity, and Body Esteem in Elementary-School Children

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate sexual maturation, attitudes toward sexual maturity, and body esteem in the sexual development of Korean elementary-school boys and girls. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 399 fifth and sixth graders (192 boys and 207 girls). The data were analysed with a χ2 test, t-test, and Pearson correlation coefficients. RESULTS: Among the 207 girls, 70.5% had pubic hair growth, 68.1% had breast development, and 56.0% had a menstrual period. In boys, 59.4% of the 192 subjects experienced the development of external genitalia and 52.6% had pubic hair growth. Sexual maturation was related to grade (boys, t=7.07, p=.008; girls, t=12.76, p < .001), age (t=−2.20, p=.030; t=−4.11, p < .001), height (t=−5.16, p < .001; t=−7.52, p < .001), and weight (t=−2.89, p=.004; t=−5.19, p < .001) in both boys and girls. Girls were more likely to have sexual maturity than boys (χ2=22.29, p < .001). Boys showed more positive attitudes toward sexual maturity (t=2.10, p=.036) and higher body esteem (t=2.12, p=.035) than girls. CONCLUSION: This study shows that sexual maturation, attitude toward sexual maturity, and body esteem in sexual development differ between boys and girls. The findings indicate that it is necessary to develop a tailored sex-education program according to the sex of elementary-school children.

Effect of palmitoylethanolamide on inflammatory and neuropathic pain in rats / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: A growing body of evidence suggests that neuroinflammation, which is characterized by infiltration of immune cells, activation of mast cells and glial cells, and production of inflammatory mediators in the peripheral and central nervous systems, plays an important role in the induction and maintenance of chronic pain. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), which is a type of N-acylethanolamide and a lipid, has an anti-inflammatory effect. Relative to the anti-inflammatory effect, little is known about its analgesic effect in chronic pain. This study aimed to determine whether PEA relieves chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injured by transection of the left L5 and L6 spinal nerves to induce neuropathic pain or were injected with monoiodoacetic acid into the synovial cavity of knee joints to induce inflammatory pain. To assess the degree of pain, two kinds of stimuli - pressing von Frey filaments and wetting with acetone - were applied to the plantar surface of the rat to measure mechanical and cold sensitivity, respectively. Pain was measured by assessing behavioral responses, including paw withdrawal response threshold and paw withdrawal frequency upon stimulation. RESULTS: Neuropathic pain caused by spinal nerve transection (SNT) decreased the mechanical threshold and increased the frequency of response to acetone application. But, cold allodynia caused by SNT did not decrease the withdrawal frequency. Mechanical hyperalgesia caused by chronic inflammation was significantly reduced by both intraperitoneal and intra-articular injections of PEA. CONCLUSIONS: These outcomes revealed that PEA might be effective in relieving inflammatory and neuropathic pain, especially pain induced by mechanical hyperalgesia, but not cold allodynia.

The Effect of a Workshop on a Urinary Incontinence Self-Management Teaching Program for Community Health Nurses

PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the workshop on the nurses' knowledge about urinary incontinence (UI) self-management, attitudes toward UI, and self-efficacy to plan and implement a UI self-help group program for their clients. METHODS: A one-group pretest and posttest design was used to examine changes in knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy following a one-day training workshop. Twenty-seven community health nurses completed a questionnaire before and after the workshop. Before participating in the workshop, the participants were required to take a UI online continuing education program developed by the researchers. During the workshop, the participants took four sessions which consisted of an introduction of a self-help group program, demonstration of a 5-week UI self-management program contents, pelvic floor muscle training and biofeedback practice, and group discussions to plan the implementation in their workplaces. RESULTS: A significant improvement in knowledge of and attitudes toward UI were found (t=3.53, p=.002; t=2.83, p=.009, respectively) after the workshop. Participants also demonstrated improvement in their self-efficacy to plan and operate a UI self-help group program (Z=-2.64, p=.008). CONCLUSION: The one-day workshop for community health nurses is a feasible strategy to increase their abilities and confidence in operating a UI self-help group program.