A Case of Recurrent Infection Caused by a Pancreaticoduodenal Fistula Associated with a Pancreatic Arteriovenous Malformation

Although arteriovenous malformations (AVM) occur frequently in digestive organs, pancreatic AVM is rare. The clinical symptoms of pancreatic AVM are variable and include gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain, jaundice, portal hypertension, pancreatitis, and duodenal ulcer. However, choledochoduodenal or pancreaticoduodenal fistulas complicated with ascending infection and pancreatitis is extremely rare. Herein, we report a case of pancreaticoduodenal fistula associated with a pancreatic AVM that induced recurrent anemia and ascending infection.

A Case of Esophageal Carcinoma Coexisting with Leiomyoma Removed by Endoscopic Resection / 대한소화기내시경학회지

The coexistence of esophageal submucosal tumors and carcinomas is rare and the association between them is still unclear. Here, we report a case of a superficial esophageal carcinoma that developed over an esophageal leiomyoma, which was removed successfully by an endoscopic mucosal resection. A 76-year-old man was admitted for the treatment of an esophageal carcinoma. The endoscopic examination revealed a 1 cm-sized round, flat, elevated lesion located at the 25 cm mark of the endoscopy. Endoscopic ultrasonography revealed the carcinoma to be limited to the mucosal layer. Interestingly, a 1.2 cm sized, hypoechoic, subepithelial mass was present beneath the carcinoma. An endoscopic resection was performed simultaneously using a suction and snaring method with a transparent cap attached to the tip of the endoscope. A histopathology examination revealed a squamous cell carcinoma restricted to the mucosa immediately over the benign leiomyoma arising from the muscularis mucosa. The patient has remained well during 1 year follow-up period and has shown no evidence of recurrence.