Characteristics of Dermatoglyphics in Patients with Mental Retardation / 체질인류학회지

To study whether it is helped or not to medical diagnosis for children with normal and abnormal chromosomes from mental retardations, author performed and analyzed patterns of fingerprints, palmar prints creases on 99 mentally retarded children with normal chromosome and 16 mentally retarded children with Down syndrome and compared with healthy control group. In patterns of fingerprint, high frequency of ulnar loop showed significantly on fifth finger in mentally retarded children, while dominant whorl showed on first and fourth fingers in control group. High frequency of finger ridge count was appeared in Down syndrome, mentally retarded with normal chromosome (MRNC) and control group in order. Total ridge count TRC) was significantly decreased in Down syndrome, MRNC compared with control group. Total triradius count was significantly decreased in Down syndrome, however, no discrimination between control group and MRNC was found. a -b ridge count was not different among the groups. atd angle was wider in Down syndrome than in control group and MRNC. Interdigital pattern was high on ulnar loop of I3 in Down syndrome, in contrast, on ulnar loop of I4 in control group. In conclusion, detailed analysis of dermatoglyphics is able to contribute to study medical diagnosis on children with mentally retarded through above data.

Unusual chromosomal features in a child with gradual disappearance of right ulna (mono ostolic osteolysis)

A nine month old male child presenting degenerating right ulna (massive osteolysis) has been followed up for two years. The bone completely disappeared due to abscesses on the right forearm and without orthopedic or haematological complications. Repeated lymphocyte cultures showed somatic pairing (mostly chromosome pair 5), end to end association involving chromosome 14, 21, 21 and 16, and satellite enlargement in a high proportion of cells with an otherwise normal 46,XY karyotype. These observations are compared with 13 other types of orthopaedic patients, and we opine that cumulative picture of chromosomal aberrations appears to correspond with the present rare anomaly "Mono Ostolic Osteolysis" involving right ulna. None of the controls or any other orthopaedic anomaly studied hereunder exhibits this chromosomal picture.