ABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Cytomegalovirus Infections , CytomegalovirusABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Acute Kidney Injury , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury , PanaxABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Acute Kidney Injury , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury , PanaxABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental , Polycystic Kidney DiseasesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Yes-associated protein (YAP) in the Hippo signaling pathway is a growth control pathway that regulates cell proliferation and stem cell functions. Abnormal regulation of YAP was reported in human cancers including liver, lung, breast, skin, colon, and ovarian cancer. However, the function of YAP is not known in prostate adenocarcinoma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of YAP in tumorigenesis, differentiation, and prognosis of prostate adenocarcinoma. METHODS: The nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of YAP was examined in 188 cases of prostate adenocarcinoma using immunohistochemistry. YAP expression levels were evaluated in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the prostate adenocarcinoma and the adjacent normal prostate tissue. The presence of immunopositive tumor cells was evaluated and interpreted in comparison with the patients’ clinicopathologic data. RESULTS: YAP expression levels were not significantly different between normal epithelial cells and prostate adenocarcinoma. However, YAP expression level was significantly higher in carcinomas with a high Gleason grades (8–10) than in carcinomas with a low Gleason grades (6–7) (p < .01). There was no statistical correlation between YAP expression and stage, age, prostate-specific antigen level, and tumor volume. Biochemical recurrence (BCR)–free survival was significantly lower in patients with high YAP expressing cancers (p = .02). However high YAP expression was not an independent prognostic factor for BCR in the Cox proportional hazards model. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that YAP is not associated with prostate adenocarcinoma development, but it may be associated with the differentiation of the adenocarcinoma. YAP was not associated with BCR.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adenocarcinoma , Breast , Carcinogenesis , Cell Proliferation , Colon , Cytoplasm , Epithelial Cells , Immunohistochemistry , Liver , Lung , Ovarian Neoplasms , Prognosis , Proportional Hazards Models , Prostate , Prostate-Specific Antigen , Recurrence , Skin , Stem Cells , Tumor BurdenABSTRACT
Ameloblastomas are rare odontogenic epithelial tumors that occur mainly in the mandible. Despite their benign histologic appearance, they are locally aggressive with a high recurrence rate. However, a metastasizing ameloblastoma has been rarely reported. According to the current World Health Organization classification system, the definitive diagnosis of metastasizing ameloblastoma can only be carried out in retrospect, after the event of metastasis. This case report describes a patient with metastatic pulmonary ameloblastoma, 17 years after the surgical excision of an odontogenic tumor, preoperatively misdiagnosed as primary squamous cell carcinoma.
Subject(s)
Humans , Ameloblastoma , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Classification , Diagnosis , Lung Neoplasms , Mandible , Neoplasm Metastasis , Odontogenic Tumors , Recurrence , World Health OrganizationABSTRACT
No abstract available.
ABSTRACT
Cases of metastases to the thyroid gland seem to be increasing in recent years. The clinical and ultrasonographic findings of diffuse metastases have been sparsely reported. Thirteen cases of diffuse metastases to the thyroid gland were documented by thyroid ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration cytology between 2004 and 2013. We retrospectively reviewed the patients with diffuse thyroid metastases. The most common primary site was the lung (n=9), followed by unknown origin cancers (n=2), cholangiocarcinoma (n=1), and penile cancer (n=1). Eleven patients were incidentally found to have thyroid metastases via surveillance or staging FDG-PET. Other 2 patients were diagnosed during work-up for hypothyroidism and palpable cervical lymph nodes. On ultrasonography, the echogenicity of the enlarged thyroid gland was heterogeneously hypoechoic or isoechoic, and reticular pattern internal hypoechoic lines were observed without increased vascularity found by power Doppler ultrasonography (3 right lobe, 2 left lobe, and 8 both lobes). In the 8 patients who had involvement of both lobes, 3 had hypothyroidism. In conclusion, ultrasonographic finding of diffuse metastasis is a diffusely enlarged heterogeneous thyroid with reticular pattern internal hypoechoic lines. Thyroid function testing should be performed in all patients with diffuse thyroid metastases, especially those with bilateral lobe involvement.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Bile Duct Neoplasms/pathology , Biopsy, Fine-Needle , Cholangiocarcinoma/pathology , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Hypothyroidism/complications , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Penile Neoplasms/pathology , Positron-Emission Tomography , Radiopharmaceuticals , Thyroid Function Tests , Thyroid Gland/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
A perianal tick and the surrounding skin were surgically excised from a 73-year-old man residing in a southwestern costal area of the Korean Peninsula. Microscopically a deep penetrating lesion was formed beneath the attachment site. Dense and mixed inflammatory cell infiltrations occurred in the dermis and subcutaneous tissues around the feeding lesion. Amorphous eosinophilic cement was abundant in the center of the lesion. The tick had Y-shaped anal groove, long mouthparts, ornate scutum, comma-shaped spiracular plate, distinct eyes, and fastoons. It was morphologically identified as a fully engorged female Amblyomma testudinarium. This is the third human case of Amblyomma tick infection in Korea.
Subject(s)
Aged , Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Anal Canal/injuries , Histocytochemistry , Ixodidae/anatomy & histology , Korea , Microscopy , Skin/parasitology , Tick Bites/diagnosis , Tick Infestations/diagnosisABSTRACT
No abstract available.
Subject(s)
Biopsy, Fine-Needle , Hyperplasia , Thoracic Wall , ThoraxABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Smoking and alcohol consumption are the main risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract (SCCUAT). However, human papillomavirus (HPV) has been etiologically linked with tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). Therefore, we investigated the etiologic role of HPV in the context of SCCUAT in Korea. METHODS: Archival paraffin block samples from 136 cases previously diagnosed as SCCUAT were randomly selected. A commercial HPV DNA chip was used for HPV genotyping. RESULTS: One hundred and seventeen cases were available after checking beta-globin (47 cases of tonsil and 70 of non-tonsil). A HPV-positive result (HPV 16 and 18) occurred in 13 cases of SCCUAT, and 12 cases were tonsil (25.5%, 12/47). Among the 12 HPV-positive patients with TSCC, nine were non-smokers and non-drinkers. Most HPV-negative patients with TSCC had a history of alcohol drinking and smoking (32/35, 91.4%). HPV infection status was not significantly associated with histological grade, clinical stage, or survival in patients with TSCC. CONCLUSIONS: HPV infection was significantly higher in patients with TSCC among those with SCCUAT. HPV may be independent risk factor in development of TSCC, such as smoking and alcohol drinking.
Subject(s)
Humans , Alcohol Drinking , beta-Globins , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Korea , Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis , Palatine Tonsil , Paraffin , Risk Factors , Smoke , SmokingABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: This study was designed to examine the prevalence of aberrant promoter methylation in a selected panel of genes potentially involved in lymphoid tumors. METHODS: The promoter hypermethylation status of MGMT, DAPK1, hMLH1, CDH1, SHP1, and HIC1 was measured by methylation-specific PCR for 82 cases of B-cell lymphoma. Immunohistochemical staining using MGMT and SHP1 antibodies was conducted on 43 out of 82 cases. RESULTS: The number of MGMT aberrant methylations was lower in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) than in other malignant lymphomas. The methylation of DAPK1 was frequently detected in follicular lymphoma (FL), marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZL) and DLBCL. With one exception, methylation of hMLH1 was not observed in B-cell lymphomas. The methylation frequency of CDH1, and HIC1 was similar in B-cell lymphomas. However, the methylation of SHP1 gene was more frequently observed in cases of FL, DLBCL, and MZL than in chronic lymphocytic lymphoma. MGMT and SHP1 promoter methylation were inversely correlated with the protein expression observed upon immunohistochemical staining. CONCLUSIONS: Aberrant promoter methylation of multiple genes occurs with variable frequency throughout the B-cell lymphomas, and methylation of hMLH1 is rarely observed in B-cell lymphomas.
Subject(s)
Antibodies , B-Lymphocytes , DNA , DNA Methylation , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell , Lymphoma , Lymphoma, B-Cell , Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone , Lymphoma, Follicular , Methylation , Polymerase Chain Reaction , PrevalenceABSTRACT
Malignant pleural effusion in multiple myeloma (MM) is extremely rare and is associated with poor prognosis. We experienced two cases of MM IgA type with malignant pleural effusion. The diagnoses were based on characteristic cytology and CD138 immunocytochemistry. The patients received several cycles of combination chemotherapy, since symptoms were more aggressive with an uncontrolled pleural effusion. We review the clinical features of these cases and literature concerning myelomatous pleural effusion.
Subject(s)
Humans , Drug Therapy, Combination , Immunoglobulin A , Immunohistochemistry , Multiple Myeloma , Pleural Effusion , Pleural Effusion, Malignant , PrognosisABSTRACT
Tuberculous uveitis is a rare manifestation of tuberculosis infection. Although early diagnosis is important to saving the sight of patients, it is difficult. In dialysis patient, the diagnosis of tuberculosis is often delayed because of non-specific symptoms and extrapulmonary involvements. We report a case involving a 37-year-old man receiving hemodialysis who was presented with persistent fever and left- sided blurred vision. At ophthalmic examination, active papillitis, vitritis, and peripapillary retinal detachment were observed. Neck computed tomography showed multiple necrotic lymphadenopathies (LAPs) in right lateral neck, which was proven as tuberculous lymphadenitis on histological examination. After anti-tuberculosis therapy, fever was subsided and LAPs were improved. Visual acuity was also improved.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Dialysis , Early Diagnosis , Fever , Hyperthermia, Induced , Neck , Papilledema , Renal Dialysis , Retinal Detachment , Tuberculosis , Tuberculosis, Lymph Node , Uveitis , Vision, Ocular , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis, which is essential for tumor growth, is known to occur in the extravascular stroma. However, vascular structures were noted in intravascular tumor emboli in surgical specimens. This prompted our investigation of the frequency and morphology of angiogenesis in tumor emboli. METHODS: Hematoxylin-eosin stained specimens were reviewed for tumor emboli, in 21 cases of stomach adenocarcinoma and 22 cases of colon adenocarcinoma. The cases were examined with immunohistochemistry using antibodies against epithelial antigen (cytokeratin), endothelial antigens (CD31, CD34), lymphatic endothelial antigen (D2-40), and proliferation-associated antigen (MIB1). RESULTS: Endothelial cells were observed in 16 tumor emboli among four (19.1%) of the 21 cases of stomach adenocarcinoma and in 32 tumor emboli among four (18.2%) of the 22 cases of colon adenocarcinoma. The endothelial cells in the tumor emboli showed papillary ingrowth from the vessel wall, formation of vascular lumens, scattered distribution, or surface coating of the emboli. Some of the endothelial cells in the tumor emboli were D2-40-positive, and some were MIB1- positive. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrated that angiogenesis occurs in intravascular tumor emboli as well as in the extravascular stroma. Angiogenesis in the tumor emboli may reflect an active process and may facilitate tumor growth.