Research progress in miRNA regulatory immune checkpoint in cancer therapy / 实用肿瘤学杂志

One of the main mechanisms of tumorigenesis and development is silencing of the patient's immune response to cancer-specific antigens.The defect of cancer immune surveillance may occur at any stage of tumor progression.In the tumor micro-environment,the abnormal expression of the immune checkpoint molecules that have an activation or inhibition effect on T lymphocytes can cause immune tolerance or escape of tumor cells.Targeted immune checkpoint molecules such as PD-1(programmed cell death protein 1)and its ligand PD-L1,have been shown to be new directions for the treatment of many types of cancer.microRNAs(miR-NAs)play an important role in tumor microenvironment.Studies have shown that miRNAs are highly expressed in some tumors and play an important role in immune response,especially in early regulation.Therefore,miRNAs may be ideal candidates for the regula-tion of immune checkpoints in cancer therapy.The abnormal expression of multiple miRNAs in cancer cells provides new opportunities for cancer therapy,but the exact function of these miRNAs and their interaction with immune checkpoints are still in the exploratory phase.This review summarizes the recent findings regarding the use of miRNAs as molecular regulators of immune checkpoints and their potential applications in the treatment of cancer in clinical practice.

Risk Factors of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Neurosurgery Ward Patients with Tracheotomy:A Survey / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To comprehend characteristics and risk factors of lower respiratory tract infection after tracheotomy.METHODS Lower respiratory tract infection condition of 60 cases with tracheotomy was investigated.Risk factors were analyzed.RESULTS The prevalence of nosocomial infection was 93.3%,mainly lower respiratory tract infection(82.1%).The most common pathogens were Gram-negative bacilli.This group of patients had the seriously underlying diseases.In the treatment they carried on the trachea intubation,the tracheotomy,oxygen inhalation,sputum aspiration,atomization and so on.The time the tracheotomy and days in hospital be longer,the lower respiratory tract infection be higher.CONCLUSIONS The trachea intubation,the tracheotomy,the time of tracheotomy and the longer days in hospital may be the risk factors which can cause the lower respiratory tract infection.

Standard Prevention Ability of Medical Staff: An Investigation and Analysis / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate the standard prevention ability of medical staff in a certain hospital. METHODS The questionnaire was designed by ourselves to investigate the knowledge of medical staff about the standard prevention. RESULTS Total questionnaires were 272,from them 250 were taken back.Rate of recovery was 91.9 %.Average rate to be aware of the knowledge about the standard prevention among medical staff was 65.2%.Aware rate of nurses was uppermost,79.7%.Next was doctors,59.5%.Rate of medical technicians was lowermost,42.8%. CONCLUSIONS Each standard prevention system should be established in hospital.Medical professionl safety education should be enhanced.The standard prevention ability of medical staff should be improved.

Hospital Infection Monitoring and Management in Delivery Room / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate the hospital infection monitoring and management in delivery room.METHODS A perfect management and surveillance system was established and carried out strictly.RESULTS We executed disinfection and isolation system strictly through rationalizing the layout of delivery room.The infection management work of delivery room marched into systematization and standardization.CONCLUSIONS Only when the delivery room infection management is strengthened can obstetrics quality be guaranteed to attain a designated standard.Safety of mother and infant can be ensured.The hospital′s social efficiency is increased.