ABSTRACT
Aims: Human urinary tract infections (UTI) are very common in Bangladesh. The objectives of the current study are to identify the uropathogenic agents infecting males and females of different age groups, and commonly used drugs sensitivity profiles. Study Design: A total of 980 urine samples from both sex and different age groups, were collected for the study. Chemical analyses of the samples were done by Dipstick method. Cultural, microscopic and biochemical analyses were done to identify the isolates. Finally antibiotic sensitivity was tested against conventionally used antibiotics. Place and Duration of Study: All the samples were collected from patients of both indoor patient department (IPD) and outdoor patient department (OPD) in the Laboratory Medicine Department, United Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh between January 2012 and May 2012 following published procedures. Results: Only 29.6% of the urine samples yielded positive culture. UTI showed more prevalence among female than male. Female belonging to the age group of 41-50 years were detected as high risk groups for UTI. Most common Gram negative isolates were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Candida sp., Pseudomonas sp., Proteus sp., and Acinetobacter baumannii. Gram positive bacteria comprised Enterococcus sp. and non-hemolytic Streptococci. Like most of the previous reports, E. coli was predominant, which is also corroborated in this study. However, the sensitivity pattern of the organisms differed from the previous studies. Conclusion: The isolates were found resistant to most common oral antibiotics used, such as cotrimoxazole, nitrofurantoin, and nalidixic acid. This finding, however, need further work to validate reliability.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the bacterial load and antibiotic resistance pattern of bacterial isolates obtained from (ready to cook) frozen food samples of animal origin in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: A total of 20 samples of frozen ready to cook food of animal origin were purchased from different separate grocery stores in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Bacteria were isolated and identified based on the basis of biochemical properties. Results: A total of 57 isolates has been isolated from 20 samples, of them 35.08% were Gram positive and 64.92% were Gram negative organisms. Highest percentages of isolated organisms were Staphylococcocus spp. (24.56%), Alcaligene spp. (17.54%), Klebshiella spp. (12.28%) and the lowest percentages of organisms were Enterococcus spp., Actinobacillus spp. and Proteus spp. Antibiogram results clearly showed that levofloxacin and imipenem were the most effective drug against the isolates. The less effective antibiotics were chloramphenicol and nalidixic acid and resistance was highest against ciprofloxacin. The most contaminated food was chicken nuggets. Conclusions: This type of frozen food contaminated with multi-antibiotic resistant microorganisms can be potential vehicles for transmitting food-borne diseases.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the bacterial load and antibiotic resistance pattern of bacterial isolates obtained from (ready to cook) frozen food samples of animal origin in Dhaka, Bangladesh.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 20 samples of frozen ready to cook food of animal origin were purchased from different separate grocery stores in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Bacteria were isolated and identified based on the basis of biochemical properties.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 57 isolates has been isolated from 20 samples, of them 35.08% were Gram positive and 64.92% were Gram negative organisms. Highest percentages of isolated organisms were Staphylococcocus spp. (24.56%), Alcaligene spp. (17.54%), Klebshiella spp. (12.28%) and the lowest percentages of organisms were Enterococcus spp., Actinobacillus spp. and Proteus spp. Antibiogram results clearly showed that levofloxacin and imipenem were the most effective drug against the isolates. The less effective antibiotics were chloramphenicol and nalidixic acid and resistance was highest against ciprofloxacin. The most contaminated food was chicken nuggets.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>This type of frozen food contaminated with multi-antibiotic resistant microorganisms can be potential vehicles for transmitting food-borne diseases.</p>