ABSTRACT
We prospectively conducted a hospital based study to determine the prevalence of vascular complications in NIDDM and their risk factors. Using standard protocol for interviewing, physical examination and laboratory investigations, we studied 207 patients from the diabetic clinic and medical outpatient department (ratio 3.9:1) by systematic sampling. The prevalence of hypertension, coronary heart disease cerebrovascular disease, peripheral and large vessel disease was 22.2, 22.2, 8.2, 21.3 and 34.8 per cent respectively. We found that the prevalence of small vessel disease, retinopathy and nephropathy was 34.3, 25.1 and 12.5 per cent respectively. The complications were slightly higher in females and increased with duration of diabetes. By univariate and logistic regression analysis, we found that the risk factors of large vessel disease were body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, duration of diabetes and for small vessel disease were duration of diabetes and high uric acid.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cerebrovascular Disorders/epidemiology , Coronary Disease/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Diabetic Angiopathies/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Hypertension/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/epidemiology , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Thailand/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The natural course, related complications and factors affecting prognosis of traumatic hyphema in 149 Thai patients were reported. Male preponderance and high prevalence of patients younger than 15 years were noted in this study. Blunt ocular trauma was the most common type of eye injury (88.59%), with penetrating injury (7.38%) and missile (4.03%) being the next in order of decreasing frequency. Duration of injury was acute in 81.88 per cent, subacute in 12.08 per cent and chronic in 6.04 per cent. Complications from secondary glaucoma accounted for 24.16 per cent, whereas, corneal blood staining and rebleeding were 10.07 and 6.71 per cent respectively. Shorter duration of injury, good initial visual acuity and absence of complications were responsible for favorable visual prognosis. However, age, grade of the initial hyphema and surgical intervention were not demonstrated to have any influence on the eventual visual outcome.