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Tumor immune microenvironment has been the focus of tumor research in recent years, and its role in tumor regulation has become prominent and has received increasing attention. The imbalance of the tumor immune microenvironment plays an important role in promoting tumor progression, and the adjustment of its instability plays an important role in controlling tumor progression. The theoretical idea of Traditional Chinese Medicine's "Yipingweiqi" is basically the same as that of modern medicine of controlling tumors by maintaining the balance of the immune microenvironment. This study discusses the aspects of tumor immune microenvironment, its destabilization, relationship to tumor progression, importance in Traditional Chinese Medicine, and regulation by Traditional Chinese Medicine with different treatments. In particular, this work focuses on the role of Traditional Chinese Medicine in maintaining the balance of the tumor immune microenvironment and its potential mechanism by using qi benefit, yang warming, dampness eliminating, and heat clearing under the guidance of the principle of "Yipingweiqi". Results will provide reference for the application of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of tumors.
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Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of cryptotanshinone (CPT) on human breast cancer cell MCF7 and its mechanism. Methods The survival rate of MCF7 cells was measured by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by Annexin V/PI assay and Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining assay. Cell cycle and reactive oxygen species were detected by flow cytometry. Cell migration and invasion were detected by cell scratch test and Transwell chamber test. The surface molecules CD44 and CD24 were detected by flow cytometry and microsphere culture. The expression of cell-associated proteins was detected by Western blot. Results CPT inhibited the proliferation of MCF7 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the 24 h IC50 value was 19.24 μmol/L. Compared with the untreated group, the CPT-treated group showed cell cycle arrested in the S phase, and apoptosis was induced. The results of the cell scratch and Transwell chamber tests showed that CPT significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of MCF7 cells. Furthermore, CPT reduced the CD24-/LowCD44+ cell population in MCF7 cell-derived microspheres. Western blot results showed that CPT could up-regulate the expression of Bax protein, down-regulate the expression of BCL-2, PI3K-p85, Akt, N-cadherin, Twist1, Sox2, Oct4, and Nanog protein, effectively inhibit the phosphorylation of ER-α, and decrease the expression of ABCG2. Conclusion CPT can inhibit the proliferation of MCF7 cells by inhibiting the migration and invasion of MCF7 cells, decreasing the number of CD24-/lowCD44+ cells and affecting the expression of tumor stem cell-related proteins.
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Objective@#To explore the association between urinary metals and lung function among college students, and to provide a theoretical basis for related research on metal exposure and lung function injury.@*Methods@#A total of 45 healthy college students were recruited from North China University of Science and Technology in Caofeidian between 2017-2018. During the four seasons, information was obtained from questionnaires and physical examinations, lung function parameters were assessed, including FVC, FEV1, PEF, FEV1/FVC and FEF 25-75 , and morning urine samples were collected simultaneously. The urinary levels of 15 metals were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP/MS); a Kruskal Wallis H test was used to compare differences in urinary metals during the four seasons; and a mixed effect model was used to assess correlations between urinary metals and lung function.@*Results@#There were significant differences in the levels of urinary chromium, iron, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, selenium, selenium, molybdenum, cadmium, antimony and lead from 15 metals over the four seasons ( H =9.79- 20.61 , P <0.05). The differences observed in five lung function parameters over the four seasons were statistically significant ( F =61.72, 45.30, 47.61, 25.47, 35.13, P <0.05). The linear mixed effect model analysis showed that urinary concentrations of vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel and antimony were negatively correlated with FEV1( B =0.202, 0.192, 0.181, 0.154, 0.131 , 0.283); urinary concentrations of aluminum, vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, cadmium, and antimony were negatively correlated with FVC ( B =0.252, 0.290, 0.292, 0.271, 0.201, 0.180, 0.171, 0.163, 0.381); urinary concentrations of manganese and antimony were negatively correlated with PEF ( B =0.291, 0.354)( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The increase of multiple metal concentrations among college students was related to lung function decline, the long term metal exposure might lead to lung function damage. So environmental metal pollution should be controlled.
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During the occurrence, development and treatment of gynecological tumors, mainly including cervical cancer, endometrial cancer and ovarian cancer, patients are prone to sleep disorders which seriously affect the quality of life. At present, there are few relevant studies on gynecological tumors associated with sleep disorders, and there is a lack of research on TCM syndromes, so there is no targeted treatment plan. This article mainly introduces the present situation of diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders caused by gynecological tumors in Chinese and western medicine, to provide reference for further study.
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Objective To evaluate the effects of nitrous oxide inhalation on conscious sedation of patients during colonoscopy and analyze its risk factors. Methods From October 2016 to July 2017, a total of 154 patients undergoing colonoscopy were included in the study. The comfort level was rated using Modified Gloucester Comfort Scale ( MGCS). Factors affecting comfort level were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression, and then a comfort stratification predicting model was created. Results All 154 patients finished colonoscopy. The mean time of ideal anesthesia state was 195. 15 s. Among the 154 cases, 115 ( 74. 7%) were identified as comfort ( grade of MGCS from 1 to 3) and 39 (25. 3%) were rated as discomfort ( grade of MGCS from 4 to 5). Multivariate regression indicated that age ≥60 years ( P＝0. 000, OR＝1. 074, 95%CI: 1. 036-1. 114) and mild anxiety ( P＝0. 018, OR＝3. 338, 95%CI: 1. 227-9. 079) were associated with comfort level during colonoscopy.The established model with the age (X1) and mild anxiety (X2) was P＝eY/(1+eY), Y＝－3. 812+0. 071X1+1. 205X2(no anxiety was assigned 1, mild anxiety was assigned 2), and the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve was 0. 746 (95%CI: 0. 661-0. 830), which showed moderate predictive power of the final model. The model reached the highest predictive accuracy when the Yoden Index was 0. 838 with sensitivity of 50. 4% and specificity of 89. 7% for predicting comfort level of patients in conscious sedation status induced by nitrous oxide inhalation during colonoscopy. Conclusion Nitrous oxide can ease pain during colonoscopy, especially for patients over 60 years old and with anxiety. We can use it as an option according to actual circumstance in practice.
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Objective To study the induction of nitrous oxide(N2 O)and to compare safety and effec-tiveness of conscious sedation by nitrous oxide inhalation and intravenous sedation with propofol for upper gas-trointestinal(UGI)endoscopy.Methods A total of 400 patients undergoing UGI endoscopy in our hospital from April 2013 to October 2013 were randomly assigned to two groups,N2 O inhalation group(n=200)and in-travenous propofol group(n=200).The systolic pressures,diastolic pressures,heart rates and oxygen satura-tion,onset time,procedure duration,degree of sedation,recovery time,length of hospital stay,complica-tions,satisfaction ratings of doctors and patients,and the number of patients willing to accept the examination again were analyzed.Results The mean time of ideal anesthesia state for N2 O was (3. 16 ±0. 65 )min and there was no difference between the male and female(3. 16 ±0. 71)min vs.(3. 16 ±0. 58)min,t=0. 006,P>0. 05).The mean concentration was (43. 68 ±5. 05 )%,which was higher in male than that in female [(45. 3 ±4. 99)% vs.(41. 46 ±4. 30)%,t=3. 042,P sures,diastolic pressures,heart rates and oxygen saturation of patients in the propofol group significantly re-duced during the procedure(P<0. 05),while the same measurements excluding oxygen saturation for those in the N2 O group significantly increased(P<0. 05 ).Compared with the propofol group,patients inhaling N2 O had significantly shorter recovery and hospital stay time,but a longer onset time and procedure duration(P<0. 05 ).Complications that occurred in some patients of propofol group included hyoxemia,hypotension,brady-cardia,while the major complication in the N2 O group was nausea.The satisfaction ratings of doctors or pa-tients and the number of patients willing to accept the examination again in N2 O group were smaller than those in propofol group(86 ±3. 7 vs.96 ±2. 6,87 ±2. 8 vs.98 ±1. 2,87%vs.99%,P<0. 05).Conclusion Both conscious sedation by N2 O inhalation and intravenous sedation with propofol are effective for diagnostic UGI en-doscopy,but the safety of the former is superior to the latter.The key to complete the conscious sedation by ni-trous oxide inhalation is to accurately identify the ideal anesthesia state of N2 O.It is significant to pay attention to the nine factors concerning safe and effective sedation during operation.
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Objective To investigate the effect of ambroxol hydrochloride in the treatment of children with pneumonia.Methods 100 children with pneumonia in our hospital were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group,50 cases in each group.The control group was given conventional therapy,the treatment group was treated with ambroxol on the basis of the control group.The treatment effect was compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate in treatment group was 92％,which was significantly higher than 72％ in the control group(x2 =3.87,P ＜ 0.05).CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ immune factor indexes in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group,IgE was significantly lower than that in the control group(t =11.97,1.95,13.56,all P ＜ 0.05).Extinction time of fever,pulmonary rales,cough and hospital stay in the treatment group were significantly less than those in the control group(t =2.93,5.82,3.56,7.71,all P ＜ 0.05).The adverse reactions between the two groups had no significant difference (x2 =1.21,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Ambroxol can enhance the cellular immune function in children with pneumonia,rapidly relieve clinical symptoms,improve the therapeutic effect,and have no adverse reaction.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of sulindac metabolites on proliferation and apoptosis in the human umbilical vein endothelial cell line ECV304 in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The proliferation profile of ECV304 was determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method. Cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and the ultrastructure of ECV304 were detected by flow cytometry (FCM) and electron microscopy, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MTT assay showed that the sulfide inhibited the proliferation of ECV304 and its effect was dose-dependent; the IC(50) was 200 micromol/L. FCM showed that the sulfide changed cell cycle distribution. The cell cycle distribution was as follows: G(1) phase (control group 77.74% +/- 1.58%; sulfone group 75.63% +/- 2.12%; sulfide group 46.12% +/- 1.60%); S phase (control group 13.64% +/- 1.22%; sulfone group 16.40 +/- 2.30%; sulfide group 27.26% +/- 2.08%); G(2)-M phase (control group 8.61% +/- 0.67%; sulfone group 7.98% +/- 0.49%; sulfide group 26.62% +/- 3.54%). The apoptosis rates in the control group, sulfone group and sulfide group were 6.08% +/- 3.39%, 4.81% +/- 2.14% and 51.90% +/- 5.67%, respectively. Sulfide reduced the proportion of G(1) phase, increased the proportion of S phase, G(2)-M phase and the apoptosis rate significantly (P < 0.01, vs control). In the sulfide-treated cells, there were nuclear fragmentation and chromosomal condensation, shrinkage of the cell and loss of contact with neighboring cells. Apoptotic bodies were observed. Sulfone showed no effect on cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution or cell morphology.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Sulfide can significantly reduce the proliferation of ECV304, change the cell cycle distribution and arrest cells in G(2)-M phase where apoptosis may be induced. Sulfone has no such effects on this cell line.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Angiogenesis Inhibitors , Pharmacology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal , Pharmacology , Apoptosis , Cell Cycle , Cell Division , Cell Line , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Endothelium, Vascular , Cell Biology , Microscopy, Electron , Sulindac , Pharmacology , Umbilical VeinsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of sulindac metabolites on the proliferation and apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cell line ECV304 in vitro Methods The proliferation of ECV304 was determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method The cell cycle, apoptosis and the ultrastructure of ECV304 were detected by flow cytometry (FCM) and electron microscopy respectively Results MTT assay showed that sulfide inhibited the proliferation of ECV304, and the effects was dose dependent, the 50% inhibiting concentration (IC 50 ) was 200 ?mol/L FCM showed that sulfide changed cell cycle distribution, the cell cycle were: Go G 1 phase [control group (77 7?1 6)%, sulfone group (75 6?2 1)%, sulfide group (46 1?1 6)%] S phase [control group (13 6?1 2)%, sulfone group (16 4?2 3)%, sulfide group (27 3?2 1)%], G 2 M phase [control group (8 6?0 7)%, sulfone group (8 0?0 5)%, sulfide group (26 6?3 5)% ] The apoptosis rates in control group, sulfone group and sulfide group were (6 1?3 4)%, (4 8?2 1)% and (51 9?5 7)%, respectively Compared with the control group, sulfide can reduce the proportion of G 1 phase, increase the proportion of S phase and G 2 M phase significantly ( P