ABSTRACT
Background: For Endoscopic sinus Surgery, precise knowledge of the anatomy and variations of paranasal sinus is essential for surgeon. Computed tomography provides accurate evictions of the anatomy, the anatomical variants and the extent of the disease in and around the paranasal sinuses. Objective: In this study, we evaluated the frequency of anatomic variations of the paranasal sinus region by using multidetectorcomputerized tomography (MDCT). Methods: During the year 2017, over a period of 12 months MDCT images of 150 cases were evaluated by using the picture archiving and communication system (PACS). Frequency distribution and descriptive statistics of the variants were analysed. Results: We observed CT images of paranasal sinuses of 150 cases. We found nasal septal deviation as the most common variant seen in 61.1% and Pneumatisation of middle concha as the second most common seen in 55.2% of cases. Other variants observed are pneumatizations of nasal septum, middle, superior and inferior conchae, uncinateprocess, crista gali, bony spur, concha bullosa of middle turbinate, paradoxial curvatures of middle concha , agger nasi cells, haller cells, onodi cells and supraorbital ethmoid air cells , hypoplasia of frontal, maxillary and sphenoid sinuses, aplasia of frontal sinus, asymmetry of the height of ethmoid roof and prominent ethmoid bulla. Conclusion: Anatomical variations of PNS are quite common. These variations must be identified preoperatively to reduce the risk of intraoperative complications.
ABSTRACT
Background: The incidence and epidemiological causes of maxillofacial trauma and facial fractures varieswidely in different regions of the world. To reduce morbidity and mortality, early recognition of severe headtrauma and concomitant injuries remains an important part of the initial assessment and treatment plan ofseverely injured patients.Purpose of the study: To find out the demographic trends, etiology, pattern of trauma, site and severity offractures and coexisting injuries in patients presented with maxillofacial injury.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 88 patients during the period from may 2017 to april 2018on patients presented with facio-maxillary injury at S.C.B Medical College & Ashwini Hospital, Cuttack, Govt.Medical College & Hosppital, Balasore, Odisha, India.Results: In this study maxillofacial injuries are more in compare to female (7.8:1). Majority of the cases areobservesd in tha age group 21-30 yr followed by 31 – 40 yr and no cases in more than 70 yr age group. Mostcommon cause is road traffic accident (82.9%) followed by assult (6.8%). Maximum number of patients havefracture of mandible (46.6%) followed by maxilla (31.8%). Mandibular fractures occurred most commonly in theparasymphyseal region (35.2%), followed by body (23.8%). Fracture of maxilla bone was present commonly atbody in 15 (53.6%) cases followed by blow out fracture (21.5%). Most of the faciomaxillary trauma patients haveassociated injuries like head injury (52.3%) followed by Extremities injury (36.4%).Conclusion: Maxillofacial injuries commonly due to road traffic accidents are more frequent in male. The routineuse of a head as well as full-body CT scan for all severely injured patients is recommended to ensure that noconcomitant injury is overlooked.