ABSTRACT
The maxillary permanent canine acts as the corner stone of occlusion and plays a key role in smile design. Any morphological defect or eruption anomaly, affecting the maxillary permanent canine has a negative impact on the smile and facial esthetics of the person. The etiology of impacted maxillary permanent canine is multifactorial. Maxillary transverse discrepancies have been reported in 7-23% of the population. The objective of this study was to assess the association between maxillary transverse discrepancy and impacted permanent maxillary canines. The study was carried out at the Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry. After obtaining informed written consent from all patients, 60 casts of skeletal class I patients with complete permanent dentition except third molars were selected from the records of the Orthodontics department; 30 with impacted maxillary canines for the experimental group and 30 without any impacted teeth for the control group. The maxillary arch width was measured as the distance between the mesiopalatal cusp tips of the first permanent molars. The mandibular arch width was measured as the distance between the central fossae of the mandibular first permanent molars. The difference between the two measurements was calculated to determine maxillary transverse discrepancy. A positive [r = 0.341] and highly significant [p < 0.01] association was observed between maxillary transverse discrepancy and impacted maxillary permanent canines. Early correction of maxillary transverse discrepancy may reduce the chances of maxillary permanent canine impaction
ABSTRACT
Normal airway is one of the important factors for the normal growth of the craniofacial structures. Skeletal features such as retrusion of the maxilla and mandible and vertical maxillary excess in hyperdivergent patients may lead to narrower anteroposterior dimensions of the airway. The purpose of this study was to compare the widths of the upper and lower pharyngeal airways in Class II malocclusion patients with low and high vertical growth patterns. The sample comprised sixty five class II subjects divided into 2 groups: thirty three Class II high angle and thirty two Class II low angle. The upper and lower pharyngeal airways were assessed according to McNamara's airways analysis. Independent t-test was used to compare upper and lower airway space in Class II high and low growth patterns. Independent t-test showed a statistically significant difference [p < 0.05] in upper and lower airway space between the two groups, showing that in class II high angle cases, both upper and lower airway space is narrow than in low angle cases. Subjects with Class II malocclusions and vertical growth patterns have significantly narrower upper and lower pharyngeal airways than those with Class II malocclusions and horizontal growth patterns. Narrow pharyngeal airway is one of the predisposing factors for mouth breathing and Obstructive sleep apnoea [OSA]
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Malocclusion, Angle Class II , Mouth Breathing , Sleep Apnea, ObstructiveABSTRACT
To access the relation between upper airway space and maxillary intermolar width. A descriptive study. The study was carried out at the orthodontics department of Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry Rawalpindi. The study was conducted at orthodontics department, Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry. Study casts and lateral cephalograms of 12 to 14 years old skeletal Class II patients with no previous history of orthodontic treatment or air way related surgery were included in the study. Upper airway space was measured on the cephalograms as described by McNamara Jr. Maxillary inter molar width was measured on the corresponding study casts using a digital caliper. Pearson's correlation i.e r=0.18 showed a direct [r = 0.21] but insignificant [P > 0.05] correlation between upper airway space and maxillary intermolar width. This study failed to show any correlation between maxillary intermolar width and upper airway space, as has been postulated by some researchers