study of the spectrum of homicide in rawalakot, AJ and K

Objective: To find out the incidence of homicide, age and gender distribution of victims, type of weapons used and the most frequently targeted regions of body in victims of homicide in Rawalakot, Azad Kashmir, AJ and K

Study Design: Retrospective study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at SKBZH/CMH Rawalakot, AJ and K from Jan 2012 toMay 2015

Materials and Methods: Performa was designed for retrospective cohort study. The study was conducted in the mortuary SKBZH/CMH Rawalakot. Consent was implied and relevant information was gathered from the available record. Out of all the cases autopsied during this three and a half year period, 66 were homicidal in nature. Rest of the cases were excluded

Results: Male to female ratio was 5.6:1.Maximum number of victims belonged to 21-40yrs agegroup. Singleinjury was present in 85% [n= 56] cases while 15% [n=10] cases had multiple injuries. The most common region of the body targeted was chest 31.8%[n=21] followed by limbs, head and neck and abdomen .The most common tool used to kill was firearm in 75.8% [n=50] cases followed by sharp edged weapon in 18.2% [n=12] cases and others [including RTA, electrocution etc.] in 6.1%[n=4]cases

Atherosclerotic lesions in hypertensive subjects -a human autosy study

To assess the incidence and severity of atherosclerotic lesions in hypertensive subjects in our population. Prospective descriptive observational study. Mortuary of Forensic Department, King Edward Medical University Lahore and Pathology Department of Allama Iqbal Medical College Lahore. This study was completed in one and a half year. A total of 130 human autopsies were carried out in the mortuary of King Edward Medical University Lahore. Heart, aorta and its major branches were collected. History was taken from the close relative of deceased for hypertension. One to four areas of tissue were taken for each artery and aorta for histological examination. The section were stained with Haemotoxylin and Eosin stain. Different special stains were also performed on all cases to differentiate different components of atherosclerotic lesions. The fibrolipid plaques, complicated lesions and calcified lesions were present in a predominant number of cases in aorta and its major branches, except the fibrolipid plaques were less dominant in the right coronary artery, the complicated lesions were seen less frequently in the right coronary artery and the left renal artery and the calcified lesions were observed less dominantly in the thoracic aorta, anterior descending branch and circumflex branch of left coronary, innominate artery, coelic artery, superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery and renal arteries. The calcified lesions were absent in the right coronary artery. This study although preliminary but basic and observational in nature indicates the considerable severity of raised atherosclerotic lesions in hypertensive subjects in our population

Atherosclerosis in relation to diabetes mellitus

To access the relationship of different categories of atherosclerotic lesions to diabetes mellitus and also in relation to age and sex. Prospective, Randomized and Comparative Study. Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, KEMU and AIMC, Lahore from April 2006 to Dec. 2007. 130 autopsies were performed the age range was 8 to 85 years. The autopsies were done at random. Heart, aorta and its major branches were collected from dead bodies. The history of diabetes mellitus was taken from the close relatives of the deceased. The processing of cases was done in the Pathology Department of AIMC, Lahore. The slides were stained by haematoxline and eosin. Special stains also performed, The fatty streaks were present in predominant number of cases in aorta and its major branches except in the right coronary artery where they were seen less dominantly. The fibrolipid plaques, complicated and calcified lesions were present in a predominant number of cases in aorta and its major branches except the calcified lesions were present less dominantly in the thoracic aorta circumflex branch and renal arteries. The complicated lesions were not seen in the right coronary artery and calcified lesions were absent in the right coronary artery, innominate artery and superior mesenteric artery in diabetics. In the study it was concluded that there is definite relationship between diabetes mellitus and different categories of atherosclerotic lesions. The age and sex relationship of atheroscleroses is also well indicated in this study