Prevalence of cardiac dysfunction in type 2 diabetes in a tertiary health care setup

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) may be one factor that specifically influences cardiac diastolic function. The present study was designed to examine cardiac dysfunction in diabetes subjects with non-chronic renal failure (CRF). Materials and methods: Study was approved by Institutional ethics committee, Informed consent from the study subjects. Diagnosis of diabetes was made according to WHO criteria. Plasma glucose concentration, serum lipids (total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol and HDL plasma cholesterol concentrations) were measured as per standard procedures. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was estimated by ion exchange resin method. ECG recording was obtained for every subject to rule out ischemic heart disease. Results: Of the 150 study Type 2 diabetes participants, the male female ratio was 1.1. The mean HbA1C was 9.112±1.36 %. 2D ECHO findings showed 34% left ventricular hypertrophy and 51.3% diastolic dysfunction. Dyslipidemia was identified in 54.7% and statistically there was no significant association between dyslipidemia and diastolic dysfunction (P = 0.532). Conclusion: In this study, diastolic dysfunction dyslipidemia was identified in 51.5% participants without dyslipedemia. Though, there was no significant difference, this number is to be considered. However, studies should be conducted with big samples size.

Incidence of contrast induced nephropathy among patients undergoing coronary interventions

Background: Contrast media (CM) used during diagnostic and therapeutic percutaneous procedures is eliminated by the kidneys. A study has been planned to find the adverse effects of contrast agents on renal system. Methods: This was a hospital based cross sectional study, conducted in the department of general medicine, GSL Medical College. Individuals >25 age, both gender with heamoglobin concentration of > 10mg/dl were included. Exclusion criteria was also followed. Iodixanol or iohexol was used, administered at the rate of 80 – 100 ml per participants. Blood samples were collected standard techniques before the procedure and 48 hours after the procedure for serum creatinine levels. Renal function was assessed by estimating creatinine clearance using the Cockcroft-gault formulae. As per national kidney foundation participants were divided in to 4 categories normal, mildly impaired, moderately impaired and severely impaired renal function; p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Out of 80 study subjects, CIN was increased with age, identified in 37.9% diabetics, 48.3% smokers, 41.4% alcoholics; statistically there was no significant difference. In the normal category 34.5%, 41.4% in mild category, 24.1% in moderate renal dysfunction category developed CIN, association was statistically significant. Conclusions: With these findings we conclude that overall increase in the incidence of CIN with age and no influence of gender as well as conditions like diabetes and hypertension.