[Survey of breakfast consumption status and its predictors among Qom students based on the Pender's health promotion model constructs]

Breakfast, considered to be the most important meal, is skipped more ferquently than other meals by children and adolescents. This study aimed to determine breakfast consumption and its predictors among Qom school girl students based on the Pender's health promotion model constructs. This descriptive-analytical study was carried out on 100 secondary school girl students selected by classified random sampling from among secondary schools of the City of Qom, Iran. The Pender's health promotion model [HPM] constructs were used as the theoretical framework. Data were collected using questionnaires. Statistical analysis of the data was performed by SPSS [version 17] software, the statistical tests being correlation and regression analysis. The average number of breakfasts consumed per week was 3 [ +/- 1.5]. Body mass index, time of waking up in the morning, and interpersonal influences had no significant correlations with the average number of breakfasts consumed per week. On the basis of the Pender's health promotion model constructs and personal factors having a potentially significant correlation with behavior, 69% of the variability in breakfast consumption by the girl students [R[2] =0.69, F =12.68, p< 0.0001] was predicted by the following variables: prior related behaviors, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and competing demands and preferences. In designing nutritional interventions aiming at increasing breakfast consumption in school girl students, it is better to put more emphasis on strategies to promote self-efficacy and reduce perceived barriers. Also, paying due attention to prior related behavior and competing demands and preferences can be beneficial in designing effective interventions

Seroprevalence of human hydatidosis using ELISA method in Qom Province, Central Iran

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of cystic echinococcosis [CE] in Qom Province, central Iran using ELISA test. Overall, 1564 serum samples [800 males and 764 females] were collected from selected subjects by randomized cluster sampling in 2011-2012. Sera were analyzed by ELISA test using AgB. Before sampling, a questionnaire was filled out for each case. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression for risk factors analysis. Seropositivity was 1.6% [25 cases]. Males [2.2%] showed significantly more positivity than females [0.9%] [P= 0.03]. There was no significant association between CE seropositivity and age group, occupation, and region. Age group of 30-60 years encompassed the highest rate of positivity. The seropositivity of CE was 2.1% and 1.2% for urban and rural cases respectively. Binary logistic regression showed that males were 2.5 times at higher risk for infection than females. Although seroprevalence of CE is relatively low in Qom Province, yet due to the importance of the disease, all preventive measures should be taken into consideration

Occurrence of nasal nosocomial myiasis by lucilia sericata [Diptera: Calliphoridae] in north of Iran

We report a case of human nasal nosocomial myiasis in a 69-year-old rural man with numerous live maggots in nostrils. The patient was admitted in Emergency Ward due to dyspnea. After 72 hours the companion of patient discovered larva. The presence of the third instar larva indicated that the infestation was not more than three days. The collected instars were cleared, fixed and morphological studies then were carried out precisely and the larva was identified as Lucilia sericata

Effect of manual lymph drainage massage on hand edema and shoulder pain in hemiplegic-paretic patients post stroke

Shoulder pain and hand edema associated with hemiparesia and hemiplegia are common complications after the stroke and restricts the patient's daily activities. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of manual lymph drainage [MLD] massage on hand edema and shoulder pain in hemiplegic-paretic patients post stroke. In this randomized clinical trial study, 62 stroke patients with age ranging of 35-70 years and having shoulder pain and hand edema associated with hemiparesia or hemiplegia were selected and randomly divided into two groups of case and control. Then, manual lymph drainage massage [MLD] was performed in the case group for five sessions and each session last 20 minutes. The MLD was not performed for the control group. Sensory, affective, intensity and general condition of shoulder pain and also circle size of wrist and middle part of the arm were assessed using of McGill Pain Questionnaire-Short Form: [MPQ-SF] and tape gauge, before and 24 hours after last session of MLD in both the case and control group. The acquired data were analyzed using independent t and paired t-tests. The means of sensory components of shoulder pain before and after massage was 2.3 +/- 0.9 and 1.3 +/- 0.4, respectively [p<0.05]. Based on the Visual Analogue Scale [VAS], the mean of shoulder pain intensity, after massage, in the case and control group was 3.3 +/- 1.2 and 4.8 +/- 1.5, respectively. The mean of arm circle size before and after massage in the case group was 29 +/- 4.6 and 28.1 +/- 3.9 centimeter, and in the control group was 29.4 +/- 4.1 and 29.7 +/- 3.9 centimeter, respectively [p<0.05]. Also, the mean of wrist circle size, before and after massage in case group was 17.2 +/- 1.1 and 16.4 +/- 0.9 centimeter, while in the control group, it was 16.9 +/- 0.8 and 17.1 +/- 1.1 centimeter, respectively [p<0.05]. Based on the results of this study application of MLD by the health care personnel would be effective in prevention or decrease of shoulder pain and hand edema