ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this work is to examine the overall flavonoid content in bark samples of Acacia catechu obtained from the Guna region of Madhya Pradesh, India, using several extraction methods. Furthermore, this study has incorporated current literature, conducted bibliographic analysis, examined co-authorship studies, and gathered other pertinent material to augment comprehension and underscore the importance of the research.Methods: For the purpose of this experiment, a total of thirty samples of test plants were gathered from the research region throughout various seasons. Each individual sample was prepared with six different solvents. Following this, a standardized laboratory technique was used to undertake quantitative testing. The bibliographic analysis was conducted using Dimension AI and VOS viewer software in the timeframe of 1975-2024 (till March 8, 2024).Results: Findings indicated that the polar organic solvents methanol, ethanol, acetone, and the aqueous extracts were shown to display a substantial quantity of flavonoids, chloroform extracts exhibited negligible and benzene extracts were found to be entirely devoid of the same. The comparative bibliographic investigations have confirmed the need to study the possible medicinal properties of test plants in the Guna region.Conclusion: This preliminary study has the potential to identify new, economically viable, and readily available sources of flavonoids, which are natural antioxidants present in the indigenous flora of the Guna region.
ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this research was to examine and compare the capacity of several bark extracts of Acacia catechu to scavenge nitric oxide (NO) free radicals. The study also examined the evaluation of variations in concentration that are reliant on both concentration levels and seasonal changes, using samples obtained throughout various seasons over a span of two consecutive years.Methods: In this study, six extracts were made utilizing solvents, including ethanol, methanol, aqueous solution, acetone, chloroform, and benzene. In the in vitro investigation, a nitric oxide (NO) assay was conducted to evaluate the free radical scavenging efficacy of the test samples.Results: Out of seven tested sample concentrations, 15.25 µg/ml was reported to be ineffective; higher than 500 µg/ml concentrations (i.e., 705 and 1000) were observed to be less effective than their lower concentrations, while 31.5–500 µg/ml drug concentrations were observed to be protective. Among these three, 125 µg/ml concentrations were found to be most effective (p<0.01 or more). In solvent-based results, methanolic, ethanolic, aqueous, and acetone extracts exhibited at least p<0.01 significant effective NO scavenging, but acetone extract was seen to have comparatively less protection (p<0.05) than the other three extracts. Chloroform and benzene extracts, respectively, showed less protection. Samples collected in the summer season showed greater protection than winter and Manson.Conclusion: This study provided a clear observation of the impact of extraction solvent, concentration of drug, and season of sample collection on in vitro free radical scavenging potential. These data could help provide possible applications for regional plants for medicinal purposes.
ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this work is to elucidate the wound healing capabilities of various extracts derived from the bark of Acacia catechu, and to explore their potential therapeutic effects. Furthermore, the examination of several seasons has been conducted to assess their influence on the examined parameters.Methods: In this study, albino mice were used to assess acute dermal toxicity, excision wound healing, and histological changes. The wounds were monitored, and the area of the wound was measured at the 0th, 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th, and 21st days as compared to the control animals.Results: The test extracts showed considerable protection and wound healing capabilities in acute dermal toxicity, excision wound, and histopathological studies. Among the tested extracts, the ethanolic extract showed the highest wound healing (46.68%, p<0.001), followed by the methanolic (38.50%, p<0.001), acetone (33.87%, p<0.05), aqueous (32.04%, p<0.001), chloroform (29.83%, p<0.05), and benzene extracts (28.60%, p<0.05) at the 21st d of wound healing. However, the samples gathered throughout the winter, summer, and rainy seasons did not show a statistically significant difference (p>0.05) in the present research work.Conclusion: This study helps to provide preliminary data on the concentration range of different extracts collected in different seasons. It is anticipated that this evaluation represents significant protective potential of indigenous flora for medicinal applications.
ABSTRACT
According to Ayurveda classic texts Indriyas (Sense organ) are the apparatus to attain knowledge for Atma. These are the tools for obtaining knowledge. Acharya Charaka described Indriya as basic instrument in differentiating the living and non-living matters. Whereas in contemporary science Indriyas are dealt only with structure i.e., sense organ where the actual transduction process takes place. Indriyas are composed of five elements still specific Mahabhuta dominates precise Indriya. This is the reason behind reception of specific sensation by its respective Indriya. E.g. Prithvi Mahabhuta dominates Ghranendriya and receive knowledge of Gandha. Considering the above said, present paper focuses upon understanding of Dnyanendriya w.s.r. Ghranendriya. Adhisthana of Ghranendriya is Nasa (Nose) inside Sharir which is embedded with dominance of Prithivi Mahabhuta and is responsible for acquisition of special attribute- Gandha (smell). Regarding examination of Indriya the Dnyanendriya is examined for its functional status as the status of perfection in perception of knowledge of respective object. According to contemporary science there are about 10 to 20 million of olfactory receptor cells present in human body. The olfactory receptor is a bipolar neuron which is supported by sustentacular cells. Olfactory receptors are situated in olfactory mucus membrane. This mucus membrane contains Bowman glands. Our study reveals that concept of Acharyas in relation to Dnyanendriya as important tool to gain specific knowledge seems true even in present era. It can be opined that Ayurveda concept related to Indriya needs to be explored through research to provide evidence based information related to Indriya Sharir.