Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and its outcome

Objective: To determine the predictive relationship of violence by intimate partner specifically during pregnancy with stress, anxiety, depression in postnatal period

Study Design: Cross sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Jinnah Medical and Dental College [JMDC] Karachi, from Jan 2016 to Jun 2016

Material and Methods: Sample of present study consisted of 70 women between 18 to 40 years with mean age of 26.02 +/- 5.5 years. Demographic information form, Karachi domestic violence scale, and depression, anxiety, stress scale were administered after 1 to 2 weeks of delivery

Results: The study identified that violence against women prevailed was found 32.9 percent. Regression analysis showed that violence against women during pregnancy has 23.4 percent variation in scores of depression, 17.5 percent variations in scores of anxiety domain, and 5.8 percent variation in scores of stress

Conclusion: Keeping in view the intimate partner violence prevalence against women during pregnancy and its adverse impact on the mental health of women, it is suggested to include screening program at perinatal clinics to identify at risk women to provide further clinical services to preclude negative outcomes

Attempted suicide and seriousness of intent

This descriptive research was conducted to estimate the method of suicide and suicidal intent among hospitalised suicide attempters at Pakistan Ordinance Factory [POF] Hospital, Wah Cantt, from December 2012 to June 2013. Data were collected from 49 hospitalised suicide attempters through purposive sampling technique by using Suicidal Intent Scale. Majority of suicide attempters [92%] used self-poisoning as the method of suicide regardless of their gender, age, occupation, past medical history, past psychiatric history, and history of suicide and psychiatric illness in their families. Additionally, most of them [43%] reported high level of suicidal intent, while 16 [33%] reported medium suicidal intent and 12 [24%] reported mild suicidal intent. Keeping in view the fact that majority of suicide attempters used self-poisoning as a method and most of them reported high level of suicidal intent, it is important to plan preventive measures

Presentation and psychiatric CO morbidity in patients presenting with dissociative disorders

To determine the type of presentation of Dissociative Disorders and to estimate the frequency of Anxiety and Depression among patients of Dissociative Disorders. Cross sectional study. The study was conducted at the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Pakistan Ordinance Factory Hospital, Wah Cantt from June 2008 to April 2009. 100 patients of Dissociative Disorders were included in the study that was selected through purposive sampling. Category of presentation of Dissociative Disorders in the participants was determined by using ICD 10 Research Diagnostic Criteria. A subsequent assessment for the presence or absence of Anxiety and Depression was carried out by using Agha Khan University Anxiety and Depression Scale [AKUADS]. Frequency of Anxiety and Depression was calculated in patients of Dissociative disorders. The commonest type of presentation of Dissociative Disorders was Dissociative Anesthesia and Sensory Loss 38 [38%] followed by Dissociative Disorder Unspecified 30 [30%] with features similar to mania and psychosis. Anxiety and Depression was present in 74 [74%] of patients with Dissociative Disorders. It seems that unspecified variety has been increasing especially with different presentation. Two third of the patients with Dissociative Disorders were found to have Anxiety and Depression

Depression, anxiety and their associated factors among medical students

To determine the frequency of anxiety and depression among medical students of Wah Medical College and their associations with sociodemographic and educational characteristics if any. Cross-sectional survey. Wah Medical College, from September 2007 to March 2008. A sample of 279 students was included in the study after excluding first year medical students because they were admitted for less than 6 months. A self administered Encounter Form was administered. Sociodemographic and educational characteristics included age, gender, birth order, number of siblings, monthly income, monthly expenditure on education, academic performance in professional examination, past medical and past psychiatric history, substance abuse and family history of psychiatric illness. Beck depression inventory and beck anxiety inventory were used to assess the level of depression and anxiety. The chi-square test was applied at 5% level of significance to determine associated factors for anxiety and depression respectively. The mean age of students was 21.4 +/- 1.41 years with female preponderance i.e. 202 [72.4%]. Anxiety was present in 133 [47.7%] students and depression in 98 [35.1%] students. Both were found concomitantly in 68 [24.37%] students. Age [p=0.013], gender [p=0.016], examination criteria dissatisfaction [p=0.002] and overburden with test schedule [p=0.002] were significantly associated with depression. Anxiety was significantly associated with gender [p=0.007], birth order [p=0.049], year of study [p=0.001], examination criteria dissatisfaction [p=0.010] and overburden with test schedule [p=0.006]. One third of students were found to have anxiety and depression which was associated with the sociodemographic and educational factors as stated above

Type of presentation of dissociative disorder and frequency of co-morbid depressive disorder

To determine the frequency distribution of various types of dissociative disorders, along with existing co-morbid depression and its level of severity in patients with dissociative disorder. Observational, cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The Institute of Psychiatry, Rawalpindi General Hospital from October 2004 to March 2005. Fifty consecutive patients were included in the study through non-probable purposive sampling technique. Encounter form included socio-demographic profile and brief psychiatric history. ICD 10 diagnostic criteria for research were administered for determining the presentation of dissociative disorder. Present state examination was applied to make diagnosis of depressive disorder in the studied patients. Descriptive statistics for frequency analysis of sociodemographic variables, type of presentation of dissociative disorder and the frequency of depressive disorder in patients of dissociative disorder. The mean age was 23.6 +/- 8.67 years with female preponderance [n=40, 80% patients]. Most of them were single, unemployed and belonged to urban population. Main stress was primary support group issue. Mixed category of dissociative disorder was highest [n=18, 38%] followed by unspecified and motor symptoms [n=13, 26%] in each group. Depression was present in 42 [84%] patients. Moderate depression was most frequent [n=19, 38%]. Mixed dissociative symptoms were found in 38%, while 26% had motor and unspecified category of dissociative symptoms respectively. Depressive disorder was present in 42 [84%] cases of dissociative disorder with 38% having moderate depression