Effects of Multiple Cyclic Episodes with Short Ischemia and Reperfusion on the Distribution of NF-kappa B, AP-1, Bcl-2, and Bax in Rectus Femoris Muscles of Rats / 체질인류학회지

The present study was designed to observe the expression patterns of NF-kappa B and AP-1, redox-sensitive transcription factors, and Bcl-2 and Bax, apoptosis repressing and promoting factors, respectively, upon repetitive cycles of short ischemia and reperfusion. Nine and thirty five weeks old Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to the 3, 6, and 10 cycles of the ischemic process for 5 minutes followed by reperfusion for 5 minutes. The rats were divided by 5 groups, according to the time after treatment, such as 0, 3, 6, 24 and 72 hours. For short ischemia and reperfusion, left common iliac artery was occluded 3, 6, and 10 times for 5 minutes of ischemia followed by 5 minutes of reperfusion using rodent vascular clamps and left rectus femoris muscles were removed. The expression profiles and distribution of NF-kappa B, AP-1, Bcl-2, and Bax which were observed using immunohistochemical staining methods with 6 microgram thick paraffin sections of the rectus femoris tissue were as follows: The distribution of NF-kappa B was increased as the cycles of ischemia and reperfusion increased up to 3 hours after treatment. This phenomenon was prominent in 35 weeks-old rats. The distribution of AP-1 was increased as the cycles of ischemia and reperfusion increased up to 3 hours after treatment. This phenomenon was prominent in 9 weeks-old rats. The distribution of Bcl-2 was decreased as the cycles of ischemia and reperfusion increased up to 3 hours after treatment. The extent of such reduction was more prominent in 35 weeks-old rats than 9 weeks-old rats. The distribution of Bax was increased as the cycles of ischemia and reperfusion increased up to 3 hours after treatment. After 3 hours of treatment, Bax positivity was gradually decreased in 9 weeks-old rats, but increased in 35 weeks-old rats to reach a peak at 24 hour after reperfusion. The extent of enhancement in 9 weeks-old rats was higher than that in 35 weeks-old rats. In summary, multiple episodes of short ischemia and reperfusion altered the expression profiles of NF-kappa B, AP-1, Bcl-2, and Bax in the rectus femoris muscle at the similar extents in 9 and 35 weeks-old rats. Such alterations were more more increased when the episodes were more repeated.

Reverse Hybrid Total Hip Arthroplasty / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to report the long-term clinical and radiological results of reverse hybrid total hip arthroplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between Oct. 1984 and Dec. 1987, reverse hybrid total hip replacements were performed using cemented all-polyethylene acetabular cup and porous coated tri-lock femoral stem. 26 cases in 25 patients were followed up more than 10 years. RESULTS: The average Harris hip score was 50 points preoperatively, 88 points at last follow-up. Two patients (7.7%) complained thigh pain at POD 1 years and 4 patients (15.4%) complained inguinal pain at last follow-up. On the radiologic findings, endosteal bone formation were observed with bone apposition mainly on the Gruen zone 2 and 6. Osteolysis developed in the proximal portion of the femoral stem, respectively. Definite loosening were found in 9 cases (34.6%) in the acetabulum and none in the femur. The mean rate of linear wear of polyethylene was 0.14 mm/year and the mean rate of volumetric wear was 108.75 mm3/year. CONCLUSION: The high incidence of acetabular loosening, presumably because of poor bone stock and great volumetric wear associated with use of the thirty-two-millimeter head. The result of tri-lock component can provide satisfactory clinical and radiological result.

Posterior Epidural Migration of a Sequestrated Intervertebral Lumbar Disc: A Case Report / 대한정형외과학회잡지

Posterior epidural migration of a sequestrated intervertebral lumbar disc is rare with only five cases ever reported in the literature so far. The objective of this paper is to report our experience of such a extremely rare case with a review the literature