ABSTRACT
Purpose@#This study aimed to analyze the rate of delivery within the jurisdiction of local governments in Korea. @*Methods@#Information regarding the population, number of women of childbearing age, and number of births was extracted from the Korean Statistics Information Service, National Health Insurance Service, and health map of the National Medical Center. We defined the rate of delivery within the jurisdiction of the local government as the ratio of the number of deliveries delivered by maternity facilities in the region to the total number of deliveries of pregnant women living in the region. @*Results@#The average nationwide delivery rate in the jurisdiction of local governments was 48.0%. The Si area was the highest at 54.9%, and the Gun area was the lowest at 22.1%. Compared to 2014, the national average delivery rate in the jurisdiction decreased by 4.3%; however, the gun area increased by 4.9%. The geographic maternity service area was 122 in 2014; however, this number decreased to 104 in 2020. @*Conclusion@#The national average rate of delivery in the jurisdiction of local governments was 48.0%, and the rate decreased between 2014 and 2020.
ABSTRACT
Adipsia is a rare disorder that occurs due to damage to the osmoreceptor and not feeling thirst despite hyperosmolality. Adipsic hypernatremia can occur when there is damage to the anterior communicating artery that supplies blood to osmoreceptors, and the level of arginine vasopressin secretion varies widely. A 37-year-old woman, suffering from severe headache, was consulted to the nephrology department for hypernatremia and polyuria after clipping of a ruptured aneurysm in the anterior communicating artery. Despite her hypernatremic hyperosmolar state, she denied thirst and did not drink spontaneously. She was diagnosed adipsic hypernatremia by evaluating the osmoregulatory and baroregulatory function tests.Because adipsic hypernatremia is caused by not enough drinking water even for hyperosmolality due to the lack of thirst stimulus, the strategies of treatment are that setting the target body weight when serum osmolality is normal and have the patient drink water until patient reach the target body weight. Adipsic hypernatremia should be considered to be a rare complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with an anterior communicating artery aneurysm.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Xanthine derivatives have been used to treat a variety of medical conditions including respiratory disease and neural degeneration. However, few studies have reported their effects on bone regeneration. Therefore, we investigated the effects of KPR-A148, a synthetic xanthine derivative on osteoblast differentiation in vitro and bone regeneration in vivo. METHODS: The cytotoxicity of KPR-A148 was evaluated using MC3T3-E1 cells by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltertrazolium bromide assay. The effects of KPR-A148 on osteoblast differentiation were examined by alkaline phosphatase staining, Alizarin red S staining, and real-time PCR of osteoblast differentiation marker genes. To investigate the effects of KPR-A148 on in vivo bone regeneration, a KPR-A148-containing collagen sponge was implanted into a mouse calvarial defect and KPR-A148 was injected twice, weekly. Bone regeneration was evaluated quantitatively by micro-CT and qualitatively by hematoxylin and eosin, as well as Masson's Trichrome staining. RESULTS: KPR-A148 did not show toxicity in the MC3T3-E1 cells and promoted osteoblast differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner. 10 µM of KPR-A148 showed the most significant effect on alkaline phospatase staining and matrix mineralization. KPR-A148 increased the expression of osteoblast marker genes in both the early and late stages of differentiation. In addition, KPR-A148 significantly induced new bone formation in the calvarial defect model. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that KPR-A148 strongly induces osteoblast differentiation and new bone formation. Therefore, it could be used as a potential therapeutic agent for regenerating bone following its destruction by disease or trauma.