Prevalence of dental anomalies in orthodontic patients

This study was done to determine prevalence of dental anomalies in orthodontics in a sample of Peshawar population

Panoramic [OPG]examination was done of150patients on standard light boxes, undergood lighting conditions, standardized screen brightness and resolution to determine the dental anomalies. Patients' dental records and radiographs were examined in order to detect the dental anomalies: congenitally missing teeth, impactions, ectopic eruption, supernumerary teeth, dilacerations, microdontia, and any other unusual finding that can be assessed with OPG. Cleft lip and palate, syndromic and patients with metabolic disorders were excluded from the study

Mean age calculated was 17.11 +/- 3.1 years. Maximum age was 30 years and minimum age was 13. There were 70 male cases and 80 cases of female. Male to Female ratio 1:1.14. Eighty nine [59.3%] patients had dental anomalies of various types. Forty-two patients [28%] were found with missing teeth. Third molar was most common missing tooth. Third molar impaction carried the highest percentage [10.3%] followed by maxillary canine [4.1%]. Six cases had supernumerary teeth [4.1%] while three have odontomes [2%]

Panoramic radiograph have a key role in diagnosis of many dental anomalies. In this sample 59.3% patients have dental anomalies of different kinds

relation between the mesiodistal crown widths of the deciduous second molars and the permanent first molars

The objective was to determine the relation between mesiodistal dimension of primary second molars and permanent first molars in local population of Peshawar

One hundred children from age 4 to 11 years with healthy and fully erupted primary second molars and permanent first molars were included in the study. After taking impression in alginate and pouring in the dental stone, maximum mesiodistal width was measured with digital vernier caliper for primary second molars and first permanent molars. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Pearson co-efficient test was applied for relation between the mesio-distal crown widths of the deciduous second molars and the permanent first molars t-test was used to compared tooth sizes between males and females

One hundred cases; 50 males and 50 females were included in this study. The mean age was 8 +/- 1.2 years. Males had larger mesiodistal widths of than females [p<0.05]. A significant strong correlation existed between primary second molars and first permanent molars. The correlation was weaker in the females than males

A concordance was found between the sizes of the deciduous second molars with the size of the permanent first molars, this might be helpful in prediction for arch length discrepancy

Prevalence of mandibular asymetries in patients with mixed dentition

Mild facial asymmetry can occur during growth and development but if it exceeds the normal limit it can affect the esthetics and developing occlusion of the growing individual complicating the orthodontic diagnosis and treatment.The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of mandibular asymmetries during the mixed dentition in growing children of local population. A retrospective study was designed where various measurements were performed on the right and left sides of the mandible using panoramic radiographs of 50 children [males: 21; females: 29] in age range of 8-14 years. Two linear measurements, mandibular ramus height, ramus width and one angular measurement, mandibular gonial [Go] angle were analysed. All measurements were adjusted for the magnification factor. The final data were then processed for the asymmetry index [AI] to determine the severity of the asymmetries. Wilcoxon paired tests at the 95 per cent level of confidence was used for statistical analysis. A moderate-to-severe mandibular asymmetry for the linear dimensions when both sides of the mandible were contrasted was found in more than a half of the sample. There was also a high prevalence of moderate and severe asymmetries when comparing Go angle on both sides of the mandible in studied population