ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the influence of different preservation conditions and time period on the testing results of Alzheimer's disease(AD) associated neuronal thread protein(AD7C-NTP) in urine specimen.Methods From Oct.2015 to Jan.2016,urine specimen were collected from 50 AD patients,and divided into three groups,according to the different storage temperature,including room temperature group,4 ℃ group and-20 ℃ group.Preservatives were added into specimen of 4 ℃ preservation group and-20 ℃ preservation group.AD7C-NTP level was detected at different preservation time of all specimen.Results The testing results of AD7C-NTP in specimen of room temperature group and 4 ℃ groups,detected within three days,were not significantly different with initial detection value(P>0.05).After seven days,the testing results in specimen of 4 ℃ group were not significantly different with initial detection value(P>0.05).However,after one day,the testing results in specimen of-20 ℃ group were significantly different with initial detection value(P<0.05).Contrast with 4 ℃ without preservative group,the adding of preservative could not increase the stability of AD7C-NTP.The adding of preservative in specimen of-20 ℃ could obviously increase stability,but the deviation of testing results was beyond acceptable limits.Conclusion 4 ℃ without preservatives could be the optimal storage condition for detection of AD7C-NTP in the urine.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnostic value of interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) in children with tuberculous meningitis.MethodsThe prospective case-control study was applied. From January 2012 to March 2013, 32 children diagnosed with tuberculous meningitis (TBM group) and 30 children diagnosed with non-tuberculous meningitis (non-TBM group) were recruited. The positive rates of the interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs), tuberculin skin test (TST), mycobacterium tuberculosis antibody test (TB-IgG), cerebrospinal lfuid of mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA test (TB-DNA), and the sensitivity, speciifcity, negative and positive predictive value of all these tests were compared between TBM group and non-TBM group.Results The positive rate of IGRAs, TST, TB-IgG, and TB-DNA was 87.50%, 56.25%, 46.88% and 34.38%respectively in TBM group, and 6.67%, 23.33%, 20% and 0% respectively in non-TBM group. The differences were statistically signiifcant (P<0.05). The sensitivity of IGRAs, TST, TB-IgG, and TB-DNA was 87.5%, 56.25%, 6.88% and 34.38% respectively. The speciifcity of IGRAs, TST, TB-IgG, and TB-DNA was 93.33%, 76.67%, 80.00% and 100% respectively. The differences of sensitivity and speciifcity were statistically signiifcant (P<0.05). The sensitivity of IGRAs was higher than that of other tests (P<0.017). The positive predictive value of IGRAs, TST, TB-IgG, and TB-DNA was 93.33%, 72%, 71.43% and 100% respec-tively. The negative predictive value was 87.50%, 62.16%, 58.54% and 58.82% respectively.Conclusions IGRAs, TST, TB-IgG, and TB-DNA are valuable in the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. IGRAs has a relatively higher sensitivity and speciifcity.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo explore the effect of different nutritional support mdoes on humoral immunity and outcomes after esophagectomy in patients with esophageal carcinoma.MethodsForty-six patients with middle or low thoracic esophageal carcinoma underwent Ivor Lewis esophagectomy.The patients were randomized into enteral nutrition group ( EN,n =23 ) and enteral combined parenteral nutrition group ( EN + PN,n =23 ) based on the nutrition support modes.Serum levels of immunoglobulin (IgG,IgA,IgM,IgE,κ/λ light chain) and comphments (C3/C4) were assayed and compared on the 1st pre-operative day and at 18 hours as well as 3rd and 7th day after operation.The clinical outcomes including infection-related complications and hospital stay were compared between two group s.ResultsThere was no significant difference in all humoral immunity indicators between two groups at the eachpost-operative time point.In both two groups,the levels ofIgG [ (8.90 ± 1.75),(7.53 ±1.41) g/Land (8.64±2.44),(7.48±2.16) g/L],κ [ (2.14±0.46),(1.78±0.41) g/L,and (2.15 ±0.63),( 1.86 ± 0.62) g/L] and λ light chain [ ( 1.34 ± 0.45 ),( 1.11 ± 0.31 ) g/L and ( 1.20 ± 0.32),( 1.08 ± 0.35 ) g/L] were significantly lower 18 hours and 3rd day after operation than the pre-operative levels [ (12.15±2.86)and (11.11±2.96) g/L,(2.90±0.77) and (2.77±0.79) g/L,(1.79±0.57) and (1.56±0.41) g/L] (P=0.000,P=0.000,and P=0.004,P=0.000,and P=0.000,P=0.000,and P=0.011,P=0.000,and P=0.004,P=0.000,and P =0.008,P =0.000),and returned to the preoperative levels by the postoperative 7th day (P＞0.05),except for the level of κ light chain 7th day after operation in EN group [ ( 2.42 ± 0.69) g/L] ( P =0.027 ).The levels of IgA,IgE,and C3 were not significantly different during the perioperative period ( P ＞ 0.05 ).The level of IgM was not significantly different during the perioperative period in EN group (P ＞0.05),and was significantly lower on the 3rd post-operative day [ ( 1.00 ±0.53) g/L] than the pre-operative level [ ( 1.47 ±0.76) g/L] in the EN + PN group (P =0.031 ),and were not significantly different on the other time points (P ＞ 0.05 ).In the EN group,the C4 level was significantly lower at the postoperative 18 hours [ (0.24 ±0.08) g/L] than the pre-operative level [ (0.37 ±0.36) g/L] (P =0.030),and were not significantly different at the other time points ( P ＞ 0.05 ).In the EN + PN group,the C4 level was not significantly different during the perioperative period ( P ＞ 0.05 ).There was no significant difference in the infection-related complications and hospital stay between these two groups ( P =0.300,P =0.371 ).ConclusionsThe effects of EN or EN + PN on humoral immunity and outcomes after esophagectomy in patients with esophageal carcinoma are not different.Both these two nutritional support modes can not completely alleviate the harm to the humoral immunity.The EN is more cost-effective.