Evaluation And Comparison Of Mandibular Asymmetry Indices In Different Classes Of Malocclusion: A Radiographic Study.

Objective: To evaluate contribution of condylar and ramal asymmetries in various classes of maloclussion with the use of Orthopantomographs by frontal aspect . Materials and Methods: Panoramic radiographs (PRs) are routinely taken radiographs for the diagnosis purpose. All radiographs were taken by experienced radiology technician on digital panoramic system. The subjects were positioned with the lips in rest position & head oriented to Frankfort horizontal plane as suggested by Azevedo et al. The sample consisted of study five groups including 150 subjects of different types of malocclusions. All the radioghraphic films were traced & measured by the same author and all the asymmetry indices were measured using formula developed by Habets et al. Results: Descriptive statistics and Comparison of Condylar Asymmetry index(CAI), Ramal Asymmetry index(RAI) and Combined Asymmetry index(CoAI) showed that there no statistical significance within RAI (0.216) and CoAI (0.116), but statistically significant values were recorded within CAI (0.0052).We have found more asymmetry in condyle than ramus. Conclusion: Generally for orthodontic treatment orthodontist see mainly skeletal malformation in sagittal plan but from our studies it can be said that it is equally important to look for skeletal asymmetry from frontal aspect, particularly in lower third of the face and condyle. If such asymmetries are diagnosed earlier then it is possible to intervene them with the help of asymmetrical myofunctional appliances. [Manjiri J NJIRM 2016; 7(5):78-81]

Prevalence of most commonly reported tobacco‑associated lesions in central Gujarat: A hospital‑based cross‑sectional study.

Background: Oral cancer is a major health problem in tobacco users worldwide and is one of the ten most common cancers. India alone accounts for 1/3rd of the world’s oral cancer and has a high rate of potentially malignant disorders (PMDs). The most common predisposing factors are smoking, smokeless tobacco, betel nut in quid form (pan), alcohol, spicy food, and sharp broken tooth. There are various tobacco‑associated lesions (TALs) which can be diagnosed at very early stage. This study was conducted to rule out association of smoking and smokeless tobacco with occurrence of TALs and its dose‑response relationship. Materials and Methods: Total of 60,018 patients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology from January 2013 to December 2014 with different oral and dental symptoms were screened. Of these, 4795 patients satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria formed the cohort of the present study. All the patients were informed regarding the study and an informed verbal consent was obtained, following which they were interviewed for tobacco‑related habits and examined by the trained dental professionals for the presence of any lesion. Along with patients’ demographic details, information regarding the type of habit, duration, and frequency was recorded. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was performed using STATA 13.1 software (STATA 13.1 software by Stata Corp Ltd India Continent) by applying Pearson’s Chi‑square test with Fisher’s exact test, Independent t‑test, and ANOVA test. Results: The overall study population showed maximum cases having habit of smokeless tobacco (37.9%) and smoking tobacco (36.5%). The overall prevalence of TALs was found to be 7.98%. Our study found strong relation of duration and frequency of habit with respect to occurrence of the lesions. Conclusion: TALs are often subtle and asymptomatic. Therefore, it is important for the clinician to maintain a high index of suspicion, especially if risk factors such as tobacco habits are present.

Awareness Of Basic Protocols Followed In Routine Dentistry: A Hospital Based Survey In Dental Institution Of Central Gujarat.

Abstracts: Background and Aim: Modern dentistry has been cited as one of the least hazardous of all the occupations, still many risks challenge the status of this occupation. Most of these risks are caused by failure of an individual to adapt to the working environment and establishing appropriate preventive procedures .Every Dental practitioner should have knowledge about professional hazards they encounter everyday like musculoskeletal problems, mercury exposure, accidental needle prick, eye splash and radiation exposure. The present study was conducted to assess knowledge about awareness of basic protocols amongst faculties and students in Dental Institution of Central Gujarat. This study was conducted to assess the knowledge regarding the universal protocols and the level of awareness of occupational hazards amongst the faculty and students of Dental Institution in Central Gujarat. Methodology: The data was obtained using a self-administered questionnaire categorized in three sections from a total of 213 subjects including faculty, postgraduate students, interns and undergraduate students of Dental Institution in Central Gujarat. Results: The present study showed that maximum numbers of undergraduate (48.78%)and post graduate students (62.5%) were working in strained posture while 62.2% of undergraduates were suffering from chronic backache. 67.97% of study subjects were not using any of the radiation protection measures. Majority of the study subjects were lacking in proper mercury and fixer solution disposal protocol. Conclusion: This study shows that although there appears to be a high level of awareness of exposure to occupational hazards, increased awareness must be created about the dangers of chronic mercury poisoning, radiation exposure and the importance of practicing universal protocols and use of proper posture during routine dental practice.

Van der Woude syndrome: Report of two cases with supplementary findings.

Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) is a rare developmental disorder with an autosomal dominant inheritance and variable expressivity, occurring in about 1 of every 1,00,000-2,00,000 people. This syndrome is remarkably variable. It is characterized by orofacial manifestations like lower lip pits, cleft lip and/or cleft palate, hypodontia, cleft or bifid uvula, syngnathia, narrow high arched palate, ankyloglossia and hyper nasal voice. We report two interesting cases of VWS with characteristic orofacial features and an unusual additional finding of bilateral commissural pits. The purpose of this article is to facilitate understanding of etio-pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, role of genetic counseling and with special emphasis on commissural pits as an additional feature in VWS.

Florid cement-osseous dysplasia of maxilla and mandible: a rare clinical case

Cemento-osseous dysplasia is a group of disorders known to originate from periodontal ligament tissues. Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia clearly appears to be a form of bone and/or cementoid tissues restricted to jaw bones. This lesion is usually asymptomatic and is incidentally detected during routine radiographic examination. The diagnosis is made by clinical and radiographic examinations, and biopsy is not necessary. The patient must manifest the typical changes in atleast two quadrants. An asymptomatic individual requires only a periodic follow-up to ensure that there is no change in the disease behavior. Surgical management is indicated only for a progressive lesion that produces orofacial disfigurement. This paper presents a rare case of a 60-year-oldfemale who was clinically and radiographically diagnosed as having florid cemento-osseous dysplasia in the maxilla and mandible. Discussion is presented with emphasis on clinical and radiographic manifestations.

Radiographic analysis of ameloblastoma: A retrospective study.

Background: Ameloblastoma is benign odontogenic tumor, usually affecting the posterior region of mandible. It is seen in the third to fifth decades of life. Radiographically the lesion is variable in appearance and may be unilocular or multilocular, with well-defined cortical borders in the mandible and ill-defined margins in the maxilla. Objective: To analyze cases of ameloblastoma, with emphasis on the radiographic findings. We also review the current literature briefly and discuss the clinical and radiographic findings. Materials and Methods: The present hospital-based retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the clinical and radiographic records of ameloblastoma cases from 2009 to 2011, available in the archives of the department. The data of a total of 14 patients were analyzed. Results: We observed that the patients affected with ameloblastoma were in the age-group of 19-68 years. The male: female ratio was 1.3:1. The mandible (78.57%) was more commonly affected than the maxilla (14.28%). Six patients (42.86%) had unilateral involvement and eight cases (57.14%) had bilateral involvement. The multilocular and unilocular types of ameloblastoma were noted in 12 (85.72%) and 2 cases (14.28%), respectively. The soap-bubble (50.00%), spider-web (21.43%), and honeycomb (14.28%) appearances were seen in the multilocular variety. Root resorption of variable degree was distinctly observed in 11 cases (78.57%). Conclusion: Radiographs are an important aid for the diagnosis of oral lesions of various types, especially those that involve bone. It is important for the practicing clinicians to know the salient features of ameloblastoma which are peculiar to the local population.