ABSTRACT
Objective: to analyse chromosomal abnormalities of the patients who were referred for the screening of short stature and delayed puberty and to verify the association between karyotype and phenotype in confirmed Turner Syndrome [TS] patients
Study Design: descriptive study
Place and Duration of Study: department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit-II, National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, from January 2011 to June 2016
Methodology: patients referred for the evaluation of short stature or delayed puberty were for the assessment of karyotype and phenotype correlations; standard karyotyping was executed and analysed on the basis of routine G-banding technique. Echocardiography and pelvic ultrasonography was also performed
Results: the study population consisted of 79 registered patients, with short stature and delayed puberty 48/79 [60.75%], short stature 68/79 [86.07%], and ambiguous genitalia 5/79 [6.32%]. Conferring to the karyotype analysis, classical Turner Syndrome 45, X was found in 42/79 [53.16%], isochromosomes 13/79 [16.45%], and mosaicism was present in 11/79 [14.1%]. Only 7/79 [8.86%] cases were diagnosed in infancy
Conclusion: the results of the study showed the consistency of short stature and delayed puberty in most of patients. Monosomy of X chromosome was the commonest followed by isochromosomes, mosaicism and structural abnormalities of X chromosome. No remarkable difference was found among classical and non-classical TS patients' height
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of mass level public awareness campaigns regarding dengue fever among parents visiting tertiary care children hospital Karachi
METHODOLOGY: A descriptive cross sectional survey was conducted among parents visiting medical outpatient department at National Institute of Child Health, Karachi from 1st January to 31[st] December, 2014. Total of 400 respondents were interviewed using simple random sampling technique. Pre coded semi structured proforma consisting of dengue specific symptoms and safety measures were used. After interview, every individual was educated regarding preventive and safety measures against dengue fever
RESULTS: Out of 400 respondent, 68% [n=272] were males and 32% [n=128] females. Almost 98% [n=392] knew that dengue fever is caused by mosquito bite. More than two-third of study participants were not aware about dengue specific symptoms. Awareness regarding retroorbital pain was reported by 1% only. Use of anti mosquito mats, coil and other repellants was reported by 88%. Use of mosquito nets was only 3.5%. Electronic media was the major [89%] source of information regarding preventive measures of dengue in our study population
CONCLUSION: It is concluded that awareness of target population about dengue specific symptoms and effective preventive measures remains very low. It suggests to revisit the existing awareness related interventional strategies at public level with contextual relevance to enhance overall impact from preventive aspect