ABSTRACT
Background/Aims@#Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) using a 19-gauge needle is an efficient sampling method for the diagnosis of lymphadenopathy. This study compared 19-gauge conventional and Franseen needles for the diagnosis of lymphadenopathy and classification of malignant lymphoma (ML). @*Methods@#Patient characteristics, number of needle passes, puncture route, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of cytology/histology for lymphadenopathy were analyzed in patients diagnosed with lymphadenopathy by EUS-FNA using conventional or Franseen needles. @*Results@#Between 2012 and 2022, 146 patients met the inclusion criteria (conventional [n=70] and Franseen [n=76]). The median number of needle passes was significantly lower in the conventional group than in the Franseen group (3 [1–6] vs. 4 [1–6], p=0.023). There were no significant differences in cytological/histological diagnoses between the two groups. For ML, the immunohistochemical evaluation rate, sensitivity of flow cytometry, and cytogenetic assessment were not significantly different in either group. Bleeding as adverse events (AEs) were observed in three patients in the Franseen group. @*Conclusions@#Both the 19-gauge conventional and Franseen needles showed high accuracy in lymphadenopathy and ML classification. Considering sufficient tissue collection and the avoidance of AEs, the use of 19-gauge conventional needles seems to be a good option for the diagnosis of lymphadenopathy.
ABSTRACT
Cancer chemoprevention utilizing food components is attracted because of its easily availability in humans. Bitter melon (<i>Momordica charantia</i>) (BMO) and pomegranate (<i>Punica granatum</i> L.) (PGO) seed oils contain a large amount of conjugated linolenic acid (CLN). In the first we demonstrated that BMO inhibits the development of azoxymethane (AOM)-induced putative precursor lesions for colonic adenocarcinoma in rats. Subsequently, we investigated the modifying effects of dietary administration of BMO or PGO on the development of colonic neoplasms using an animal colon carcinogenesis model initiated with a colon carcinogen AOM. Male F344 rats were given two weekly subcutaneous injections of AOM (20 mg/kg body weight) to induce colonic neoplasms. They were fed with the diets containing 0.01%, 0.1% and 1% BMO or PGO during the entire experimental period (for 32 weeks), starting one week before the first dosing of AOM. At the end of the study, the incidence and multiplicity of colonic adenocarcinoma were reduced in the "AOM+BMO" and "AOM+PGO" groups, when compared with the "gAOM alone" group. The contents of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA: 9<i>c</i>,11<i>t</i>-18:2) in the liver and colonic mucosa of rats fed BMO or PGO were elevated in a dose-dependent manner. Also, dietary BMO or PGO enhanced expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ protein in the colonic mucosa. These findings may suggest that BMO or PGO rich in CLN can suppress AOM-induced colon carcinogenesis through the modification of lipid composition in the colon and liver and/or increased expression of PPARγ protein level in the colon mucosa. Our results might provide scientific evidence of an effective dietary chemopreventive approach using BMO and PGO seed oils rich in CLN to cancer chemoprevention, especially colon cancer development.<br>