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Abstract Background: The close relationship between psoriasis and concomitant diseases is widely accepted. However, a comprehensive analysis of organ-based comorbidities in psoriasis is still lacking. Objective: The authors aimed to present the risk of organ-based comorbidities in psoriasis by comparing the general population. Methods: The authors retrieved a search of Pubmed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases for studies reporting organ-based comorbidities in psoriasis versus the general population. Observational studies that met the following criteria were assessed: 1) Psoriasis diagnosis; 2) Cardiovascular or kidney or liver or respiratory or cerebrovascular outcomes; 3) Comparison group of individuals without psoriasis. Pooled Relative Risks (pRRs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) were calculated by using the random-effect model. Results: Fifteen observational studies with 216,348 psoriatic patients and 9,896,962 individuals from the general population were included. Psoriasis showed a greater risk of organ-based comorbidities. Compared to the general population, pRR for all organ-based comorbidities was 1.20 (95% CI 1.11-1.31) in psoriasis, and pRR was lower in mild 0.61 (95% CI 0.46-0.81) than in moderate/severe patients. pRR was 1.20 (95% CI 1.11-1.30) for cardiovascular, 1.56 (95% CI 1.20-2.04), and 1.75 (95% CI 1.33-2.29) for cerebrovascular and liver diseases, respectively. pRR for coexisting renal and cardiovascular events was 1.09 (95% CI 1.01-1.18). pRR for coexisting renal and cerebrovascular events was 1.28 (95% CI 0.99-1.66). pRR for coexisting renal and liver diseases was 1.46 (95% CI 1.10-1.94). pRR for coexisting cardiovascular and liver diseases was 1.41 (95% CI 1.11-1.80). Study limitations: There is heterogeneity. Conclusion: Psoriasis has a higher risk of single and multiple organ-based comorbidities than the general population. The present study will further improve attention to psoriasis as a systemic inflammatory disease.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the prevalence of health risk behaviors and the association between locus of control and health risk behaviors among college students, and to provide reference for the formulation of health risk behavior intervention for college students.@*Methods@#A multi stage cluster random sampling method was used to select 2 provinces from the east, central and west regions of China, respectively. Two universities were then randomly selected from each selected province. A total of 3 951 college students from 12 universities completed the electronic and anonymous questionnaires, which included demographic characteristics, Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Questionnaire (MHLC) and Health Risk Behaviors Questionnaire. Chi square test and binary Logistic regression were applied to analyze data.@*Results@#Totally 2 287(57.88%) students reported having three or more kinds of health risk behaviors. The prevalence of excessive screen time, insufficient physical exercise, poor eating behaviors, drinking and smoking were 97.34%(3 846), 74.72%(2 952), 72.21%(2 853), 13.62%(538) and 5.57%(220). Internal locus of control was associated with lower risk of three or more kinds of health risk behavior ( OR =0.98) and inadequate physical activity ( OR =0.93) and associated with higher risk of smoking ( OR =1.07). The powerful others was associated with lower risk of three or more kinds of health risk behavior ( OR =0.98), drinking ( OR =0.95) and unhealthy eating behavior ( OR =0.97). And the chance was associated with higher risk of three or more kinds of health risk behavior ( OR = 1.04 ), drinking ( OR =1.04) and inadequate physical activity ( OR =1.03)( P <0.01).@*Conclusion@#College students have serious health risk behavior problems, the locus of control is associated with health risk behaviors among college students. Which might be helpful to prevent the occurrence of health risk behaviors, and improve overall health of college students.