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Arch. Clin. Psychiatry (Impr.) ; 37(6): 261-269, 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-573919

ABSTRACT

CONTEXTO: Relatada desde a Antiguidade, a tricotilomania (TTM) somente na última década despertou maior interesse clínico, sendo incluída no DSM-IV-TR (The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th Text Revision) como um transtorno do controle dos impulsos não especificado. Dados recentes estimam uma prevalência em torno de 3 por cento, indicando uma incidência mais comum do que se imaginava. Aspectos clínicos e terapêuticos ainda não estão totalmente definidos. OBJETIVO: Revisão sistemática da literatura de vários aspectos da tricotilomania pertinentes à teoria clínica e prática. MÉTODO: Os termos "trichotillomania", "epidemiology", "clinical characteristics", "etiology", "comorbidity" e "treatment" foram consultados nas bases de dados Medline/PubMed, Lilacs, PsycINFO e Cochrane Library. RESULTADOS: Pesquisas com populações não clínicas sugerem que a TTM é mais comum do que se acreditava. Aspectos fenomenológicos, taxonômicos, comorbidades e possibilidades terapêuticas são discutidos. CONCLUSÃO: Apesar de um crescente número de estudos recentes, questões clínicas e terapêuticas permanecem em aberto. Com base nesta revisão da literatura, sugerem-se direções para diagnóstico, tratamento e futuras pesquisas.


BACKGROUND: Recognized since antiquity, only within the last decade has the subject of trichotillomania provoked any larger clinical interest since it has been included in the DSM-IV-TR (The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th Text Revision) as a disturbance of the impulse-control disorders not elsewhere classified. Recent data estimates its prevalence at around 3 percent. Although more common than it was imagined before, clinical and therapeutic aspects are still not well defined. OBJECTIVE: Systematic revision in the literature of several aspects of trichotillomania and its clinical and practical theory. METHOD: The term "trichotillomania", "its epidemiology", "clinical characteristics", "etiology", "comorbidity" and "treatment" were searched in the data bases of Medline/ PubMed, Lilacs, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library. RESULTS: Research with no clinical populations suggests that TTM is more common than it was previously suspected. Phenomenological and taxonomical aspects, comorbidity as well as therapeutic possibilities are discussed. CONCLUSION: Despite a growing number of recent studies, clinical and therapeutic aspects remain undefined. Based on this literature's review, directions are suggested concerning diagnosis, treatment and future research.


Subject(s)
Drive , Trichotillomania/diagnosis , Trichotillomania/epidemiology , Trichotillomania/etiology , Trichotillomania/therapy , Review Literature as Topic
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