ABSTRACT
The present study evaluated electrocardiographic alterations in rats with epilepsy submitted to an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model induced by cardiac ischemia and reperfusion. Rats were randomly divided into two groups: control (n=12) and epilepsy (n=14). It was found that rats with epilepsy presented a significant reduction in atrioventricular block incidence following the ischemia and reperfusion procedure. In addition, significant alterations were observed in electrocardiogram intervals during the stabilization, ischemia, and reperfusion periods of rats with epilepsy compared to control rats. It was noted that rats with epilepsy presented a significant increase in the QRS interval during the stabilization period in relation to control rats (P<0.01). During the ischemia period, there was an increase in the QRS interval (P<0.05) and a reduction in the P wave and QT intervals (P<0.05 for both) in rats with epilepsy compared to control rats. During the reperfusion period, a significant reduction in the QT interval (P<0.01) was verified in the epilepsy group in relation to the control group. Our results indicate that rats submitted to an epilepsy model induced by pilocarpine presented electrical conductivity alterations of cardiac tissue, mainly during an AMI episode.
Subject(s)
Bacteriophage lambda/physiology , Escherichia coli/virology , Viral Proteins/metabolism , Amino Acid Sequence , Cell Membrane/metabolism , Gene Expression Regulation, Viral/physiology , Molecular Sequence Data , Viral Proteins/genetics , Virus Release/physiologyABSTRACT
Handroanthus serratifolius produces flowers during the dry season in the Cerrado biome, and it may be an important food source to some bird species. For Psittacidae species, like Forpus xanthopterygius, flowers are important in their diet. This study intended to characterize the behavior of F.xanthopterygius and evaluate the damage to the flowering and in the reproduction of H. serratifolius. Four individuals of H. serratifolius were observed for 60 hours to register size of groups, the time and duration of visit, and the number of flowers predated by F.xanthopterygius. The groups that visited the plants had between 2 and 12 individuals. The mean time of visits was 60.31 minutes (±22.29). The size of groups was correlated to number of flowers predated and was influenced by number of flowers offered. During the flowering, each H. serratifolius individual loses approximately 1,052 flowers per week.
Handroanthus serratifolius produz flores durante a estação seca no bioma Cerrado, e pode ser um importante recurso alimentar para algumas aves. Para espécies de Psittacidae, como Forpus xanthopterygius, flores são importantes itens na sua dieta. Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar o comportamento de F.xanthopterygius e avaliar o dano à floração e reprodução de H. serratifolius. Quatro indivíduos de H. serratifolius foram observados durante 60 horas para registrar: tamanho de grupo, tempo e duração de visitas, e o número de flores predadas por F.xanthopterygius. Os grupos que visitaram as plantas tinham de dois a 12 indivíduos. As visitas duraram, em média, 60,31 minutos (±22,29). O tamanho do grupo foi correlacionado ao número predado de flores e foi influenciado pelo número de flores oferecidas. Durante a floração, cada indivíduo de H. serratifolius perdeu aproximadamente 1052 flores por semana.
Subject(s)
Animals , Bignoniaceae/growth & development , Flowers , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Parrots/physiology , Population Density , Population Dynamics , SeasonsABSTRACT
A phytochemical study of the ethanol extract and an extraction of the volatile compounds, performed by means of Clevenger apparatus were carried out with the stem of Fusaea longifolia (Aubl.) Saff. (Annonaceae). The ethanol extract yielded O-methylmoschatoline, isolated for the first time in this species, and stepholidine, reported for the first time in genus Fusaea. The structural identification of the alkaloids was made based on the analysis of their NMR spectra. Through the use of GC and GC-MS, two sesquiterpenoids, a-cadinol (12.5 percent) and spatulenol (12.0 percent) were identified as the major constituents of the essential oil.
ABSTRACT
A Leishmania donovani-complex specific DNA probe was usedto confirm the widespread dissemination of amastigotes in apparently normal skinof dogs with canine visceral leishmaniasis. When Lutzomyia longipalpis were fed on abnormal skin of five naturally infected dogs 57 of 163 (35 per cent) fliesbecame infected: four of 65 flies (6 per cent) became infected when fed on apparently normal skin. The bite of a single sandfly that had fed seven days previouslyon a naturally infected dog transmitted the infection to a young dog from a non-endemic area. Within 22 days a lesion had developed at the site of the infectivebite (inner ear): 98 days after infection organisms had not disseminated throughout the skin, bone marrow, spleen or liver and the animal was still serologically negative by indirect immunofluorescence and dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. When fed Lu. longipalpis were captured from a kennel with a sick dog known to be infected, 33 out of 49 (67 per cent) of flies contained promastigotes. In contrast only two infections were detected among more than 200 sandflies captured in houses. These observations confirm the ease of transmissibility of L.chagasi from dog to sandfly to dog in Teresina. It is likely that canine VL is the major source of human VL by the transmission route dog-sandfly-human. the Lmet2 DNA probe was a useful epidemiological tool for detecting L. chagasi in sandflies
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Dogs , Dog Diseases/transmission , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/veterinary , Psychodidae/parasitology , DNA Probes , Insect Bites and Stings/complications , Leishmania donovani/genetics , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/transmission , Skin/parasitologyABSTRACT
Os autores relatam o caso de um paciente de 35 anos, pardo, pedreiro, portador de adenomas sebáceos na face diagnosticados por biópsia, com poucos sintomas respiratórios, cuja radiografia de tórax revelou infiltrado interticial de base e a prova funcional respiratória, padräo restritivo leve. A seguir, tecem comentários sobre a esclerose tuberosa em suas formas completa e incompleta e o envolvimento pulmonar nesta doença correlacionando com o quadro em questäo.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Adenoma/etiology , Lung Neoplasms/etiology , Tuberous Sclerosis/complications , Tuberous Sclerosis/pathologyABSTRACT
The utilization of thrombolytic agents during the first hours of acute myocardial infarct has been accepted as one of the main methods to limit infarct extension. However, persistence of residual stenosis requires a complementary revascularization method. Twenty-five patients with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarct were successfully treated within six hours from onset of symptioms with intravenous streptokinase, followed 1 to 21 days (mean of 8 days) afterwards by surgical revascularization of the myocardium without extracorporeal circulation. The mean age of the group was 53.8 years and the mean ejection fraction 60 per cent; 10 patients were uniarterial, 14 biarterial and 1 triarterial; in 15 patients the infarct was located at the anterior wall and in 10 at the posterior wall. Eight patients received one bypass and 17, two. Our nosocomial mortality was 0 per cent and in none was there a need for reoperation due to bleeding. Surgical revascularization of the myocardium withou using extracorporeal circulation is thus a method that can be used in some patients with acute myocardial infarct with excellent results regarding morbidity and nosocomial mortality
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Myocardial Infarction/surgery , Myocardial Revascularization/methods , Streptokinase/therapeutic use , Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy , Injections, IntravenousABSTRACT
Comparar, através de estudo prospectivo e randomizado, os resultados do emprego da estreptoquinase (SK) e do 5-TPA por via venosa, no infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM). Cem pacientes internado consecutivamente com diagnóstico de IAM com menos de seis horas de evoluçäo, receberam alternadamente, por via venosa, 1.200.000 U de SK (Grupo SK n = 50) ou 100 mg de r-TPA (Grupo r-TPA n = 50). Idade, sexo, antecedentes, localizaçäo e infartos prévios eram semelhantes nos dois grupos. O estudo angiográfico foi realizado, eletivamente, após dois dias em média do tratamento, a menos que surgissem sinais e sintomas de reoclusäo. Os estudos angiográficos mostraram, respectivamente, 85% (grupo SK) e 66% (grupo r-TPA) de artérias relacionadas ao infarto, "abertas" (p = 0.025). Näo houve diferença na funçäo do ventrículo esquerdo analisada pelas fraçöes de ejeçäo global e regional, entre os dois grupos. Na fase hospitalar observaram-se 6.6% de reoclusöes no grupo SK contra 19% no r-TPA. Näo houve diferença na mortalidade ou quanto ao tipo de tratamento adicional empregado (cirurgia, angioplastia ou tratamento clínico). Na avaliaçäo tardia (48 h), os resultados angiográficos observados com o emprego da SK säo superiores aos obtidos com o r-TPA
PurposeTo compare the results of intravenous thrombolytic therapy with streptokinase (SK), with those of the recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator (r-TPA), in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Material and Methods One hundred patients with AMI of less than 6 hours duration were randomized in two groups: 50 patients were allocated to 1.200.000 IU of SK (Group SK) and 50 patients received 100 mg of r-TPA over 180 minutes. The two groups were similar respecting age, sex, location and previous infarction. The angiographic study was performed 48 h after the thrombolitic therapy. ResultsIn the angiographic study, 85% of the Group SK vs 66% of Group r-TPA had patient infarctrelated vessel (p = 0.025). Reoclusion was 6.6% in Group SK vs 19% in Group r-TPA and hospital mortality was similar in the two groups. ConclusionIn the late angiographic evaluation (48 h), the frequency of coronary patency was found to be higher after intravenous SK than after intravenous r-TPA
Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Streptokinase/therapeutic use , Thrombolytic Therapy , Tissue Plasminogen Activator/therapeutic use , Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy , Stroke Volume/drug effects , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Random Allocation , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Num estudo placebo randomizado, 12 voluntários sadios foram tratados durante uma semana com nifedipina, 10mg 4 vezes ao dia, ou nifedipina, na mesma dose, associada à famotidina, 40mg o.i.d. O estudo farmacocinético demonstrou que as fases de distribuiçäo e eliminaçäo näo säo significativamente alteradas pela co-administraçäo deste antagonista H. Entretanto a fase absorçäo da nifedipina mostrou-se alterada se encontrando a mesma diminuida pela co-administraçäo da famotidina. Apesar das diferenças, os níveis plasmáticos da nifedipina näo mostraram alteraçöes significativas entre os dois grupos (placebo x famotidina). O intervalo de tempo sistólico mostrou que o período pré-ejeçäo (PEPc) e a razäo PEP/LVET foram significativamente reduzidos pela administraçäo da nifedipina + placebo. A associaçäo da famotidina à nifedipina entretanto demonstrou um aumento de PEPc e PEP/LVET. Após administraçäo oral isolada de famotodina constatou-se também um aumento de PEPc e da razäo PEP/LVET. Na cardiografía de impedância o volume ejetado e o débito cardíaco foram reduzidos pela famotidina, mas a freqüência cardíaca näo foi alterada. Portanto verificou-se que a famotidina exerce um efeito inotrópico negativo que poderá ser de relevância clínica, nos pacientes idosos ou com falha cardíaca. A sua associaçäo à nifedipina mostrou que näo há acúmulo digno de nota deste fármaco em pacientes sem comprometimento hepático ou hepato-renal
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Histamine H2 Antagonists/pharmacology , Nifedipine/pharmacology , Hemodynamics , Kinetics , Nifedipine/metabolismABSTRACT
Num estudo placebo randomizado, 14 voluntários sadios foram tratados durante dois dias com extrato bruto de Guaraná. A suspensäo aquosa foi administrada em doses de 4 e 8g, três vezes ao dia. Após um período de "wash out", seguiu-se o tratamento com placebo, no mesmo esquema anterior. Desenvolveu-se uma técnica de análise simultânea das metilxantinas envolvidas (teofilina, cafeína e teobromina) em cromatografia líquida de alta pressäo após extraçäo conveniente do plasma em meio ácido com solvente orgânico. O método proposto se mostrou sensível, linear, reprodutível, seletivo, específico e portanto adequado à análise destes compostos em plasma após ingestäo do componente terapêutico nas doses de 4 a 8g. A administraçäo do produto aos voluntários evidenciou níveis plasmáticos dose dependentes para as metilxantinas envolvidas. Verificou-se ainda que houve uma correlaçäo linear positiva apenas entre níveis plasmáticos da cafeína e a inibiçäo da agregaçäo plaquetária em sangue total, mas näo em plasma rico em plaquetas. Näo houve correlaçäo entre doses, efeito biológico e níveis plasmáticos das demais metilxantinas ou por estas näo exercem influência digna de nota sobre a agregaçäo plaquetária ou abtençäo de concentraçäo plasmática subterapêutica utilizando aquelas doses
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Platelet Aggregation , Caffeine/blood , Theobromine/blood , Xanthines/bloodABSTRACT
Säo apresentados os casos de três pacientes com infarto agudo do miocárdio com duraçäo da dor inferior a seis horas, tratados com trombolítico (ATP) por via venosa e, em seguida, submetidos a tratamento adicionais de angioplastia coronária ou cirurgia de revascularizaçäo miocárdica. É feita revisäo da literatura e säo analisados comparativamente os resultados da trombólise com estreptoquinase e ATP
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Tissue Plasminogen Activator/therapeutic use , Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy , Cineangiography , Angioplasty, Balloon , Myocardial Infarction/therapy , Myocardial RevascularizationABSTRACT
Sao analisados 28 casos operados por colecistopatias alitiasicas: polipo de colesterol (seis casos) adenomiomatose (cinco casos), colecistite cronica (sete casos), vesicula de porcelana (dois casos), colesterolose generalizada (dois casos), vesicula septada (quatro casos), papiloma (um caso) e adenite inespecifica (um caso) E discutida a indicacao da cirurgia, enfatizando-se a importancia da colica biliar e o valor da radiografia tardia (12 horas apos o colecistograma) nesta indicacao.Conseguiu-se seguimento pos-operatorio em 24 pacientes (85%): o tempo variou de um a 13 anos (media de cinco anos e meio).Vinte e um (87,5%) ficaram curados com a colecistectomia
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Cholecystitis , Bile Duct Diseases , CholecystectomySubject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular , Surgical Flaps , Aortic ValveABSTRACT
Se revisaron 71 casos de muerte materna ocurrida en el Hospital Central Militar en un periodo de 12 anos (1968-1979), encontrando una tasa de mortalidad materna de 23.07, elevada con respecto a la nacional y a la de otras instituciones nacionales.El tipo mas frecuente de muerte materna fue la obstetrica directa (69.01 por ciento) y en ella la infeccion, la preeclampsia-eclampsia y la hemorragia fueron los padecimientos mas importantes. Entre las causas no obstetricas fue la hepatitis viral la mas frecuente. La muerte ocurrio con mayor frecuencia en mujeres jovenes, entre 21 y 25 anos, con paridad previa de dos a cuatro partos. Se clasificaron como evitables y probablemente evitables 50 casos (70.42 por ciento) y de ellos, en 62 por ciento se asigno la responsabilidad a medicos y hospital y en el resto a la misma paciente y a la comunidad