ABSTRACT
This study evaluated the effect of breast- and bottle-feeding duration on the age of pacifier use persistence. Questionnaires (n = 723) with information on nutritive and nonnutritive sucking habits of children aged 3-6 years were assessed. The sample was divided according to breastfeeding duration: G1 - non-breastfed, G2 - up to 3 months, G3 - discontinued between 4 and 6 months, G4 - discontinued between 7 and 12 months, and G5 - longer than 12 months. The children were also assigned to 4 groups by age of pacifier use persistence, as well as by age of bottle-feeding persistence: no habits, up to 2 years, 3-4 years and 5-6 years. Associations between nutritive sucking habits and pacifier use were analyzed using logistic regression. The larger breastfeeding groups were G2 (37.9 percent) and G4 (19.4 percent). Many children discontinued pacifier use and bottle-feeding at 3-4 years of age (24.9 percent and 40.1 percent, respectively). Chances of non-breastfed children (G1) with prolonged pacifier-sucking habits, in the three age ranges, were progressively higher in comparison with group G4 (OR: 4.0-7.5, p < 0.01). When comparing bottle-fed with non bottle-fed children, the age range at which bottle-feeding had been discontinued was significantly associated with that of pacifier use cessation: up to 2 years (OR = 6.2), 3-4 years (OR = 7.6) and 5-6 years (OR = 27.0), p < 0.01. It may be suggested that breastfeeding duration has an inversely proportional effect on the age of pacifier use persistence. Bottle-fed children who use pacifiers tend to discontinue these habits at the same period.
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Bottle Feeding/statistics & numerical data , Breast Feeding/statistics & numerical data , Pacifiers , Sucking Behavior , Age Factors , Logistic Models , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sucking Behavior/physiology , Time Factors , Tooth, DeciduousABSTRACT
Introdução: Este trabalho de levantamento de dados baseou-se em questionários entregues a cirurgiõesdentistas na cidade de São Paulo, com retorno de 339 questionários válidos, visando avaliar a prevenção de cáries e doenças gengivais por eles realizada. Métodos: O questionário continha 9 questões referentes a informações demográficas e clínicas. Para fins de análise de resultados foram considerados como básicos os seguintes procedimentos preventivos: orientação de escovação, orientação de dieta, aplicação de selantes de fóssulas e fissuras, evidenciação de placa bacteriana, uso de flúor e motivação do paciente. Resultados: A grande maioria dos respondentes (97,6%) afirmou realizar prevenção, porém apenas 0,3% empregam os 6 métodos avaliados neste estudo. Verificou-se, ainda, a influência do sexo e do tempo de formado nessa prática preventiva, sendo que as mulheres realizam mais prevenção do que os homens e os dentistas recém-formados (até 5 anos) empregam menos métodos de prevenção que os formados há mais tempo. O flúor e a orientação de escovação foram os métodos mais utilizados, enquanto que a orientação de dieta foi o menos empregado. Conclusões: A prática de prevenção pelos cirurgiões-dentistas da cidade de São Paulo sofre influência do sexo e do tempo de formado, sendo os homens e recém-formados os que empregam menos métodos de prevenção de cáries e doenças gengivais, comparativamente aos demais grupos.
Introduction: This data survey study was based on questionnaires delivered to dentist surgeons of the city of São Paulo, with a total return of 339 valid questionnaires. The aim of this study was to evaluate dental surgeon practice of caries prevention and gum disease control. Methods: The questionnaire contained 9 questions referring to demographic and clinical information. For result analysis purposes, the following preventive procedures were considered as basic information: 1. tooth-brushing instructions, 2. diet instructions, 3. pit and fissure sealants , 4. dental plaque verification 5. use of fluoride, and 6. patient motivation. Results: Most of the answers (97.6%) asserted that they carry out preventive procedures, but only 0.3% utilizes all 6 methods of prevention analyzed in this study. Gender and years of graduation were also observed, women performing more preventive procedures than men, and recently-graduated dentists (5 years or less) performing fewer preventive procedures than dentists who had graduated earlier (over 5 years). Fluoride use and tooth-brushing instructions were the most common methods used, while diet instruction was the least performed preventive method. Conclusion: Preventive procedures carried out by dental surgeons of São Paulo were influenced by sex and years of graduation, recently-graduated males being the ones who least carried out caries prevention methods and gum disease control, when compared to the other groups in this study.