ABSTRACT
Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan parasite that causes vaginitis and cervicitis in women and asymptomatic urethritis and prostatitis in men. Mast cells have been reported to be predominant in the vaginal smears and vaginal walls of patients infected with T. vaginalis. Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) activated by various stimuli also regulate the transcriptional activity of various cytokine genes in the mast cells. Because of their essential role in intracellular signaling network, also appropriate targets for pharmacological treatment of inflammatory disorders.Cultivation of T.vaginalis and HMC-1 line, preparation of TvSP, to check intracellular ROS level and degranulation by FACS, to determine phosphorylation of MAPK and p47phox by immunobloting.In this study, we investigated whether MAPK were involved ROS generation and exocytotic degranulation in HMC-1 induced by T. vaginalis-derived secretory products (TvSP). We first examined that TvSP could induce activation of MAPK and NADPH oxidase in HMC-1 cells. Stimulation with TvSP induced phosphorylation of MAPK and p47phox in HMC-1 cells. Phosphorylation of p47phox is main source of ROS generation. Next, to determine involvement activation of MAPK in ROS generation and degranulation in HMC-1 cells induced by TvSP. ROS generation is required for exocytotic degranulation of mast cells induced by TvSP. Stimulation with TvSP induced phosphorylation of p47phox, ROSgeneration, and surface up-regulation of CD63 in human mast cells. CD63 is a marker for exocytosis. Pretreatment with MAPK inhibitors strongly inhibited TvSP-induced ROS generation and exocytotic degranulation.Our results suggest that TvSP could induce intracellular ROS generation and exocytotic degranulation in HMC-1 via MAPK signaling pathway.
ABSTRACT
Background: One of the confronted problems of doctors and medical personnels is sexually transmitted disease has not been decreased in our country up to now. By last 5 years propagation of trichomoniasis was 16.7-9.5% per 10000 population and infected T.vaginalis. In the practice of parasitology of our country metilen is revealed by gram method hasn’t been introduced which is used in up to date histological analyse. This became the background of our research work. Aim of our research is to diagnose trichomoniasis which infects sexually by cytological analyse and to define its specific and sensibility.Materials and Methods: A total 99 smears of 33 females aged 19-39, used cross sectional descriptive method. Finding T.vaginalis on specimens (1) Vaginal wet mount, (2) Gram staining and (3) Pap stain. Result: In our research T.vaginalis leaked out in wet mount smear was 33%, in Gram stain was (21.2%). The sensibility quality of T.vaginalis on Gram stain is 63%, specific quality is 90%, value of kappa coefficient (К=0.58 Р<0.002). In Pap stain T.vaginalis diagnosed 27,2% and sensibility quality of T.vaginalis is 81%, specific quality is 100%, value of kappa coefficient (К=0.87 Р<0.005). In the case when 3 analysis were positive case was 5 or 15.2%, in the case where 2 analysis were positive case was 6 or 18.2%. Conclusions: The Pap stain sensibility quality of T.vaginalis is 81%, specific quality is 100%, value of kappa coefficient (К=0.87 Р<0.005), that shows should be to give effect on diagnosing of sexually transmitted infectious disease.