Discussion on internal fixation of Hoffa fractures / 中国骨伤

Hoffa fracture is an unstable intra-articular fracture with significant redisplacement tendency. It is easy to be missed diagnosis when accompanied by distal intercondylar or supracondylar fracture of femur. CT scan is the gold standard for the diagnosis of Hoffa fracture. The treatment principles are anatomic reduction of the articular surface, reliable internal fixation, and early functional activity. At present, the main treatment is arthroscopic screw fixation. During screw fixation, the tail cap of screw should be buried, resulting in non-healing iatrogenic injury of articular cartilage. In the early postoperative functional activity of knee joint, fracture block was repeatedly subjected to backward and upward shear force under the action of the tibial plateau, which is the main reason for the failure of internal fixation. Plate assisted screw fixation could increase local mechanical stability, but it still cannot avoid the defects of iatrogenic cartilage injury. At the same time, plate molding is required during the operation due to the absence of special anatomical plates, resulting in increased surgical trauma and time-consuming surgery. The ideal fixation method for Hoffa fracture should include:(1) Avoid iatrogenic injury of articular surface cartilage. (2) With the rear anti-shear barrier plate function.(3) The internal fixator is closer to the load interface, so as to obtain greater load and better fixed strength.

Metabolites of schaftoside in mouse plasma, bile, urine and feces after oral administration by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS / 药学学报

Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole/time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS/MS) has been used to detect the metabolites of schaftoside in plasma, bile, urine and feces of mice after oral administration. The study was approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee from Xuzhou Medical University (No. XZMULL201612024). Compounds were identified by analyzing their high-resolution mass spectrometry data, mass spectra, and comparison with reference substances and the literatures. The parent compound and 29 metabolites were detected in the plasma, bile, urine and feces samples of mice. The main metabolic pathways of schaftoside in mice include deglycosylation/glycosylation, hydroxylation/dehydroxylation, hydrogenation, methylation, acetylation, sulfation, and glucuronidation. This study provides references for the material basis of schaftoside in vivo.

Synthesis and evaluation on triglyceride inhibitory activities of novel indole alkaloids / 药学学报

Three tricyclic [6,5,7] and six tetracyclic [6,5,5,5] novel indole alkaloids were synthesized and evaluated on triglyceride inhibitory activities for the first time. Among them, compound 4c showed the most potent activity with IC50 value of 6.35 μmol·L-1. Meanwhile, compound 4c also exhibited a good safety profile at the cellular level. Preliminary mechanism study indicated that 4c might increase intracellular lipid metabolism by activating AMPK. These results provide a novel family of lead compounds for the discovery of anti-NAFLD candidates.

Research Progress of CD4 / 中国医学科学院学报

Neurodegenerative diseases are associated with neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,and aging,which can lead to cognitive and motor dysfunctions.Recent studies suggest that the development of neurodegenerative diseases is related to adaptive immunity,in which CD4

Clinical Study of Chaihu Shugansan Combined with Abdominal Acupuncture on Depression Caused by Chronic Pain / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of Chaihu Shugansan combined with abdominal acupuncture on depression caused by chronic pain，and to explore its mechanism. Method:A total of 97 patients with depression caused by chronic pain were randomly divided into control group （49 cases） and observation group （48 cases）. Patients in both groups received routine western medicine treatment，including necessary psychological intervention and taking paroxetine. Control groupobservation groupcontrol group Patients in control group were treated with Xiaoyaowan，and patients in observation group were treated with Chaihu Shugansan combined with abdominal acupuncture. Both groups were treated for 6 weeks. The levels of serum neurotransmitters，cytokines and Hamilton depression rating scale（HAMD） before and after treatment were compared between two groups<bold>.</bold> Result:There was no significant difference in HAMD scores of the two groups before treatment and the HAMD scores of two groups after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment （<italic>P</italic><0.05），and the HAMD scores in observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. There was no significant difference in the levels of serum 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT），norepinephrine （NE），and brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） between two groups before treatment. After treatment，the levels of serum 5-HT，NE，and BDNF in two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment （<italic>P</italic><0.05），and the levels in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. There was no significant difference in the levels of serum interleukin-6 （IL-6），interleukin-1<italic>β</italic> （IL-1<italic>β</italic>） and tumor necrosis factor-<italic>α</italic> （TNF-<italic>α</italic>） before treatment. After treatment，the levels of serum IL-6，IL-1<italic>β</italic> and TNF-<italic>α</italic> were significantly lower than those before treatment （<italic>P</italic><0.05），and the levels in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:On the basis of psychological intervention and paroxetine administration，the combination of Chaihu Shugansan and abdominal acupuncture exerts their respective advantages. It treats both symptoms and root causes of depression，relieves the degree of depression，reduces the classification of depression，and regulates the levels of neurotransmitter and cellular inflammatory factors，and inhibits inflammatory response. The clinical effect is significant.

Clinical observation of deep electroacupuncture at Baliao points for female stress urinary incontinence / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of deep electroacupuncture (EA) at Baliao points in treating stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods: A total of 60 female patients with SUI were divided into two groups according to the order of consultation, with 30 cases in each group. The control group was treated with pelvic floor muscle training. The treatment group was treated with deep EA at Baliao points [Shangliao (BL 31), Ciliao (BL 32), Zhongliao (BL 33) and Xialiao (BL 34)]. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3％ in the treatment group, versus 33.3％ in the control group, and the total effective rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of international consultation on incontinence questionnaire-short form (ICIQ-SF) and the volume of urinary leakage in both groups were lower than those before treatment (all P<0.05), and the ICIQ-SF score and the volume of urinary leakage in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Deep EA at Baliao points with long needles can improve the clinical symptoms in female patients with SUI, and it has a better curative effect than pelvic floor muscle training.

Overexpression of long noncoding RNA PTPRG-AS1 is associated with poor prognosis in epithelial ovarian cancer

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play a critical role in tumor progression. Abnormal expression of LncRNA PTPRG antisense RNA 1 (PTPRG-AS1) has been reported in several tumors. Hence, we aimed to determine the expression and clinical significance of PTPRG-AS1 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients. METHODS The expressions of PTPRG-AS1 were assessed in 184 pairs of EOC tumor specimens and adjacent normal tissues. The levels of target lncRNAs and GAPDH were examined using standard SYBR-Green methods. The relationships between the expressions of PTPRG-AS1 and the clinicopathological features were analyzed using the chi-square test. Multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model was performed to assess the prognostic value of PTPRG-AS1 in EOC patients. RESULTS We confirmed that the expressions of PTPRG-AS1 were distinctly higher in the EOC tissue compared with the adjacent non-tumor specimens (p < 0.01). Higher levels of PTPRG-AS1 in EOC patients were associated with advanced FIGO stage (p = 0.005), grade (p = 0.006), and distant metastasis (p = 0.005). Survival analyses revealed that patients with high expressions of PTPRG-AS1 had a distinctly decreased overall survival (p = 0.0029) and disease-free survival (p = 0.0009) compared with those with low expressions of PTPRG-AS1. Multivariate assays indicated that PTPRG-AS1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for both overall survival and disease-free survival in EOC (Both p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that PTPRG-AS1 may serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for EOC patients.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Sabe-se que RNAs longos não codificantes (lncRNAs) desempenham um papel crítico na progressão tumoral. A expressão anormal do RNA 1 anti-senso LncRNA PTPRG (PTPRG-AS1) já foi relatada em diversos tumores. Assim, buscamos determinar a expressão e significância clínica do PTPRG-AS1 em pacientes com câncer de ovário epitelial (COE). METODOLOGIA As expressões do PTPRG-AS1 foram avaliadas em 184 pares de amostras tumorais de COE e tecidos normais adjacentes. Os níveis de lncRNAs e GAPDH alvo foram examinados usando o método padrão de SYBR Green. As relações entre as expressões do PTPRG-AS1 e as características clínico-patológicas foram analisadas através do teste qui-quadrado. Uma análise multivariada utilizando o modelo de riscos proporcionais de Cox foi realizada para avaliar o valor prognóstico do PTPRG-AS1 em pacientes com COE. RESULTADOS Constatou-se que as expressões do PTPRG-AS1 foram nitidamente maiores nos tecidos de COE em relação aos espécimes adjacentes não tumorosos (p<0,01). Níveis mais elevados do PTPRG-AS1 em pacientes com COE foram associados a um estágio avançado de FIGO (p = 0,005), grau (p = 0,006) e metástases à distância (p = 0,005). As análises de sobrevida revelaram que pacientes com expressões elevadas do PTPRG-AS1 tiveram uma diminuição significativa da sobrevida global (p = 0,0029) e da sobrevida livre de doença (p = 0,0009) em relação àqueles com baixas expressões do PTPRG-AS1. As análises multivariadas indicaram que a expressão do PTPRG-AS1 foi um fator de prognóstico independente tanto para a sobrevida global quanto para a sobrevida livre de doença em pacientes com EOC (p < 0,05). CONCLUSÃO Nosso estudo sugere que o PTPRG-AS1 pode ser um novo biomarcador prognóstico para pacientes com COE.

Anti-MRSA activities of cycloberberine derivatives with a novel chemical scaffold / 药学学报

Using CBBR as the parent core constructed in our lab, we designed and synthesized 15 novel compounds with diverse structures for evaluation of anti-bacterial activities. Structure activity relationship studies revealed that ① ring C was essential for the activity; ② 7,8- or 8,13-disubstituted CBBR derivatives showed ideal activities, weaker or similar to those corresponding to 7-, 8-, or 13-monosubstituted CBBR derivatives. Among those, compound 9a showed the most potential activity against MRSA/VISA isolates with MIC values of 1-2 μg·mL-1, much better than Lev. 9a also displayed higher stability in the plasma and liver microsomes. Molecular docking indicated that 9a might target bacterial DNA Topo IV ParE subunit, indicating a mode of action distinct from current antibacterial drugs on market. The results provided key scientific evidence for developing such compounds into a new family of anti-MRSA drugs.

Design, synthesis and anti-MRSA activities of cycloberberine derivatives with a novel chemical scaffold / 药学学报

9-Acetoxycycloberberine (1) with a unique skeleton was first identified to display a potent antimicrobial profile against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with MIC values of 1-16 μg·mL-1. Taking the compound as a lead, 14 target cycloberberine analogues with diverse structures, such as berberine and chelerythrine derivatives, were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-bacterial activities. Analysis of the structure-activity relationship revealed that:① ring E was essential for the activity; ② the removing of ring B decreased the activity against MRSA. However, the antimicrobial activity against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) was improved; ③ the introduction of a suitable rigid substituent at the 9-position was beneficial for the activity. Among them, compound 9a showed the most potential activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and MRSA isolates with MIC values of 0.5-1 μg·mL-1, suggesting a different mechanism from clinical drugs. It displayed higher stability in blood. Therefore, we consider 9a worthy of further investigation. The results provide key scientific evidence for development of such compounds into a new type of anti-MRSA candidates.

Advances in strategies of improving solubility and permeability of taxanes / 药学学报

As a new generation of anti-tumor drugs, taxanes has a good clinical efficacy in the treatment of ovarian cancer, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, head and neck cancer. However, low bioavailability of oral administration from low water solubility and low permeability significantly limited the development of their oral applications. Currently, the marketed preparations were non-oral drug preparations, and the injection contained a large number of surfactants (cremophor EL or Tween 80) and organic solvents (ethanol), which could result in fluid retention, hypersensitivity and other side effects, as well as poor compliance. Oral preparation will be an ideal form for development of taxanes medicines. According to the research by our and other groups in recent years, we investigate the technical strategies enhancing the water solubility and absorptive permeability to improve their oral bioavailability. Among them, we emphasize the application prospects of crystallography technology, and provide a theoretical basis to guide future research in the development of oral preparations for taxanes.

Studies on resistance of Schistosoma to praziquantel (ⅩⅥ)Biological characteris- tics of praziquantel-resistant isolates of Schistomoma japonicum in Oncomelania hupensis snails / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the difference of biological characteristics between the praziquantel-resistant and-sus-ceptible isolates of Schistosoma japonicum in intermediate host Oncomelania hupensis snails. Methods Mice were infected with cercariae of praziquantel-resistant and-susceptible isolates of S. japonicum,and the parasite eggs were collected 37 days post-in-fection to hatch miracidium. Then,the snails were infected with the miracidium of each parasite isolate. The snail infection,sur-vival rate of infected snails,prepatent period of cercariae,and the total number of cercariae shed from each infected snail were observed and compared between the praziquantel-resistant and-susceptible isolates of S. japonicum. Results If each snail was exposed to a single miracidium,there were significant differences between the praziquantel-resistant and-susceptible Jiangsu isolates in the snail infection(8.99％vs. 19.74％;χ2=3.948,P=0.047)and the number of cercaria released from a single snail (1460.2 vs. 1039.3;t=2.507,P=0.02),and there were significant differences between the praziquantel-susceptible and-re-sistant Hunan isolates in the snail infection(10.00％vs. 21.52％;χ2=3.980,P=0.046)and the number of cercaria released from a single snail(1319.4 vs. 1003.5;t=2.566,P=0.017). However,there were no significant differences between the pra-ziquantel-resistant and-susceptible isolates of S. japonicum in the prepatent period of cercariae and the survival rate of infected snails(P>0.05). Conclusion The praziquantel-resistant isolate of S. japonicum has a higher susceptibility to O. hupensis but less cercaria released from each infected snail than the susceptible isolate.

Studies on resistance of Schistosoma to praziquantel(ⅩⅦ) Biological characteris- tics of praziquantel-resistant isolates of Schistosoma japonicum in mice / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the biological characteristics of the praziquantel-resistant isolate of Schistosoma japoni-cum in mice,so as to explore the pathogenicity to definitive hosts and transmission intensity of the praziquantel-resistant isolate of S. japonicum. Methods Mice were infected with the cercariae released from two praziquantel-resistant isolates and two pra-ziquantel-susceptible isolates of S. japonicum. The mouse-Oncomelania hupensis snail-mouse cycle was established and main- tained in the laboratory. The prepatent period of parasite eggs,egg production,egg distribution in mice,parasite susceptibility to mice and egg size were investigated in each parasite isolate. Results The prepatent period of parasite eggs,egg counts in mouse feces,adult worms recovered from each mouse,egg counts in mouse tissues,egg counts in the mouse liver,and egg counts in intestine tissues were 36.1 d and 36.8 d ( t=0.907, P=0.372 ) , 14.6 / 100 mg and 21.2 / 100 mg (t=2.946, P=0.007),20.5 and 25.1 worms per mouse(t=2.128, P=0.042),31303 and 38594 per paired adult worm(t=2.185, P=0.04),14810 and 19715 per paired adult worm(t=2.934, P=0.007),and 16493 and 18879 per paired adult worm(t=1.044, P=0.309)in the mice infected with Jiangsu praziquantel-susceptible and-resistant isolates of S. japonicum, respectively,and there were no significant differences between Jiangsu praziquantel-susceptible and-resistant isolates of S. ja-ponicum in the length of paired adult worms(t=0.328, P=0.744),female adult worms(t=0.386, P=0.701)or male adult worms(t=0.332, P=0.741). The prepatent period of parasite eggs,egg counts in mouse feces,adult worms recovered from each mouse,egg counts in mouse tissues,egg counts in the mouse liver,and egg counts in intestine tissues were 35.5 d and 35.6 d(t=0.169, P=0.867),13.3/100 mg and 18.9/100 mg(t=3.622, P=0.001),17.6 and 25.1 worms per mouse(t=3.153, P=0.004),30932 and 53903 per paired adult worm(t=3.865, P=0.001),12307 and 26363 per paired adult worm (t=4.388, P<0.01),and 18625 and 27541 per paired adult worm(t=2.679, P=0.012)in the mice infected with Hunan praziquantel-susceptible and-resistant isolates of S. japonicum,respectively,and there were no significant differences between Hunan praziquantel - susceptible and - resistant isolates of S. japonicum in the length of paired adult worms (t=0.853, P=0.397),female adult worms(t=0.573, P=0.569)or male adult worms(t=0.742, P=0.461). Conclusions The praziquantel-resistant isolate of S. japonicum has a higher parasite egg production and more eggs deposited in the mouse liver than drug-susceptible isolate,suggesting that the praziquantel-resistant isolate of S. japonicum exhibits a greater pathogenicity to definitive hosts. In addition,more parasite eggs are detected in the feces of mice infected with the praziquantel-resistant isolate of S. japonicum relative to the drug-susceptible isolate,indicating that the praziquantel-resistant isolate of S. japonicum exhibits a greater transmissibility than the drug-susceptible isolate.

Comparative identification studies on wild and cultivated Glycyrrhiza uralensis produced Ningxia based on index components and near-infrared spectroscopy / 中国中药杂志

This study is to construct a rapid and effective method for identification of wild and cultivated Glycyrrhiza uralensis (hereinafter referred to as Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) from Ningxia by comparison of the difference in chromatography identification based on index components and near-infrared spectroscopy identification. HPLC and UV methods were used to determine the content of liquiritin, glycyrrhizate and total flavonoids for 9 wild Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and 14 cultivated Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma samples,and the near-infrared spectroscopy was also,collected. The results illustrated that the chromatography identification based on index components could not identify wild and cultivated Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma from Ningxia, while near-infrared spectroscopy could quickly and effectively achieve it. It provides an effective method for the growth pattern identification and application of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.

Production regionalization study of Glycyrrhiza uralensis / 中国中药杂志

The distribution information of Glycyrrhiza uralensis was collected by interview investigation and field survey, and 46 related environmental factors were collected, some kinds of functional chemical constituents of G.uralensis were analyzed. Integrated climate, topography and other related ecological factors, the habitat suitability study was conducted based on Arc geographic information system(ArcGIS),and maximum entropy model. The AUC of ROC curve was both above 0.95, indicating that the predictive results with the maximum model were highly precise. The results showed that 5 major ecological factors have obvious influence on ecology suitability distributions of G. uralensis, including July average temperature, soil sub category, Dec precipitation, vegetation types and standard deviation of seasonal variation in temperature, et al. It is suitable for the living habits of the G. uralensis, adequate light, low rainfall, summer heat and large temperature difference between day and night, which is suitable for distribution in the northern temperate plains and mountains. In addition, the ecological suitability regionalization based on the chemical constituents of G.uralensis also provides a new suitable distribution area other than the traditional distribution area, which provides a scientific basis for the reasonable introduction of G.uralensis.

Production regionalization study of Lycii Fructus / 中国中药杂志

The distribution information of Lycii Fructus was collected by interview investigation and field survey, and 46 related environmental factors were collected, some kinds of functional chemical constituents the of Lycii Fructus were analyzed. Integrated climate, topography and other related ecological factors, the habitat suitability study was conducted based on Arc geographic information system(ArcGIS),and maximum entropy model. The AUC of ROC curve was both above 0.95, indicating that the predictive results with the maximum model were highly precise. The results showed that 5 major ecological factors had obvious influence on ecology suitability distributions of Lycii Fructus, including soil pH, soil subclass, vegetation type and in August the average temperature et al. It is suitable for the living habits of the Lycii Fructus, dry, cool weather, more hardy, drought-resistant, alkali soil, which is suitable for distribution in the northern temperate plains. In addition, the ecological suitability regionalization based on the chemical constituents of Lycii Fructus also provides a new suitable distribution area other than the traditional distribution area, which provides a scientific basis for the reasonable introduction of Lycii Fructus.

Study on chemical constituents of Inula cappa / 中国中药杂志

Column chromatographies over silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, reverse phase C18, and MCI, and semi-preparative HPLC were used for separation and purification of constituents from Inula cappa. The 22 compounds were obtained and their strutures were determined by NMR and MS spectra data as nine flavonoids: luteolin (1), apigenin (2), chrysoeriol (3), artemetin (4), 2', 5-di- hydroxy-3, 6, 7, 4', 5'-pentamethoxyflavone (5), chrysosplenol C (6), apigenin-5-0-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), luteolin-3-methyl, luteolin-3-methylether-4'-0-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), luteolin-4'-0-β-D-glucopyranoside (9); four triterpenes: darma-20, 24-dien- 3β-0-acetate (10), darma-20, 24-dien-3β-ol (11), epirfiedelanol (12), friedelin (13); three coumarins: scopoletin (14) , isosco- poletin (15) , scopolin(16) , and other types of compounds stigmasta-5, 22-dien-3β-0-7-one (17), stigmasterol (18), palmitic acid (19), linoleic acid (20), linoleic acid methyl ester (21), (E) -9, 12, 13-trihydroxyoetadee-10-enoie acid (22). Compound 5 is a new natural product. Compounds 3-9, 15, 17, 21, and 22 were isolated from this genus for the first time.

Clinical and pathological features and imaging manifestations of bronchial anthracofibrosis: the findings in 15 patients / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Bronchial anthracofibrosis (BAF) has been defined as a luminal narrowing associated with anthracotic pigmentation on bronchoscopy without a relevant history of pneumoconiosis or smoking. The aim of the study is to study the clinical features and imaging manifestations of BAF, and to promote the awareness of this disease.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Between October 2006 and January 2012, 15 patients were diagnosed at our department as BAF that showed a narrowing or obliteration of lobar or segmental bronchi with anthracotic pigmentation in the overlying mucosa on bronchoscopy. The medical records including clinical features, imaging manifestations, electronic bronchoscopic findings, and pathological features were analysed, and the literature was reviewed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 15 patients were analyzed; 13 were female (86.7%) and two were male (13.3%) and the age range was from 62 to 86 years with a mean age of 74.5 years. Three cases (20.0%) had a history of tuberculosis. The most common clinical symptoms of BAF were cough (100%), expectoration (73.3%), dyspnea (60.0%), and fever (46.7%). Twelve cases displayed mild to moderate obstructive ventilatory dysfunction. In the electronic bronchoscopic evaluation, the most common findings were black bronchial mucosal pigmentation, bronchial stenosis, bronchial occlusion, and bronchial mucosal folds. Pathological evaluation revealed chronic inflammation of the bronchial mucosa, submucosal carbon particle deposition, and mucosal or submucosal fibrosis. Chest CT scans showed that 15 patients had bronchial stenosis or obstruction (direct signs) with the right middle lobe being the most common site (11 cases, 73.3%). The indirect sign was mainly the presence of bronchial obstructive diseases (including secondary infection), represented by 11 cases of pulmonary consolidation (73.3%), seven cases of atelectasis (46.7%), and five cases of nodules (33.3%). The CT mediastinal window showed bronchial lymph node lesions, mediastinal lymph node calcification (12 cases, 80.0%), and enlargement of multiple mediastinal lymph nodes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The diagnosis of BAF was mainly based on bronchoscopic evaluation. Its pathogenesis is currently unclear, although it may be related to tuberculosis or bio-fuel inhalation. The diagnosis of BAF has important clinical significance, and improved awareness of this disease will contribute to prevention of unnecessary thoracotomies.</p>

Biography of the outstanding acupuncturist DU Xiao-shan / 中国针灸

Professor DU Xiao-shan 's academic thought and clinical experiences was introduced in this paper. He has noble medical ethics and is fair to the patients without distinction. He has great learning and rich practical experiences, and he specializes in all kinds of common diseases as well as many difficult and complicated cases. He never stops studying the ancients to make innovation and he creates the technique of the quick-puncture and slow-twist and DU's heat-reinforce method. He teaches to carry forward acupuncture and moxibustion and his achievements have become an important part of acupuncture and moxibustion science.

Pharmacokinetic study of single and multiple oral dose administration of antofloxacin hydrochloride in healthy male volunteers / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>A new fluroquinolone antibacterial agent, antofloxacin hydrochloride, developed in China, is an 8-NH(2) derivant of levofloxacin. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of single and multiple oral doses of antofloxacin hydrochloride in Chinese healthy male volunteers.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An open-label, non-randomized, single and multiple dose clinical trial was conducted. In single dose study, 12 subjects took 200 mg antofloxacin hydrochloride. In multiple dose study, 12 subjects took antofloxacin hydrochloride 400 mg once on day 1 and 200 mg once daily from day 2 to day 7. HPLC was used to assay the serum and urinary concentrations of antofloxacin.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In single dose study, the maximum concentration of drug in serum (C(max)), the time to reach C(max) (T(max)), and the area under the serum concentration-time curve (AUC (0-∞)) of antofloxacin were (1.89 ± 0.65) mg/L, (1.29 ± 0.26) hours, and (25.24 ± 7.26) mg×h(-1)×L(-1), respectively. Accumulating elimination rate of antoflocaxin from urine within 120 hours was 39.1%. In multiple dose study, blood concentration of antofloxiacin achieved stable state on day 2 after dosing. The minimum concentration drug in serum (C(min)), AUCss, mean concentration of drug in serum (C(av)), and degree of fluctuation (DF) were (0.73 ± 0.18) mg/L, (47.59 ± 7.85) mg×h(-1)×L(-1), (1.98 ± 0.33) mg/L, and 1.74 ± 0.60, respectively. On day 7 after dosing, T(max), C(max), and AUC (0-∞) was (1.14 ± 0.50) hours, (2.52 ± 0.38) mg/L, and (48.77 ± 8.44) mg×h(-1)×L(-1), respectively. Accumulating elimination rate of antofloxaxin from urine within 120 hours after the last dosing was 60.06%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The regimen of 400 mg loading dose given on the first treatment day and then 200 mg dose once daily results in satisfactory serum drug concentration.</p>

Relationship and prognostic study between E-cadherin gene expression and lymphatic hyperplastic reaction in gastric cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To study the relationship and prognosis between E-cadherin gene expression and lymphatic hyperplastic reaction in gastric cancer. Methods The degree of lymphocytosis and draining lymph node from 86 cases of gastric cancer were observed and the expression of E-cadherin gene in gastric cancer were detected by SP method of immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results Lymphocyte infiltration degree around gastric cancers was positively related to the reactive hyperplasia of the lymphnodes and was inversely related to lymphatic metastasis. The expression of E-cadherin has relationship with the infiltration degree of stomach carcinoma. To compare with T1/T2 and T3/T4 phases, the result is significantly different (P ＜0.01).Meanwhile, the expression of E-cadherin was positively correlated with tumor-infiltrated lymphocytes and reactive hyperplasia of the lymph nodes, was negatively correlated with lymphatic metastasis in drainage area.Conclusion The over-expression of E-cadherin gene is significantly related to lymphoproliferation and lymph node metastasis. The abnormal expression of E-cadherin can be used as an index to determine prognosis of gastric carcinoma.