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Endocrine therapy is the main treatment of hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer.How to reverse the endocrine resistance and the new endocrine therapy have become the focus of attention in the tumor community.The study of cyclin dependent kinase (CDKs) has developed rapidly,and the selective cdk4/6 inhibitors can significantly extend the progression-free survival of patients with endocrine resistance to breast cancer,which has been approved for standard treatment for advanced breast cancer.
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Objective To investigate the changes aad possible role of estrogen and its receptor ERα、ERβ、GPR30 in the pathogenesis of asymptomatic hyperuricemia.Methods The peripheral blood of 62 asymptomatic hyperuricemia patients (AH) and 68 healthy controls (HC) were collected.The expression of estradial (E2) in serum was detected by the chemilluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA).The expression of ERα,ERβ,GPR30 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was measured using Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).Statistical Package form Soci-science (SPSS) 17.0 statistical software was used for data analysis.The measurement data were compared by t test,rank sum test or one factor analysis of variance test.The correlation between variables was used by Spearman correlation analysis.Results ① The expression of E2 in serum of the HC group was higher than that in the AH group [(38.7±10.2) pg/ml vs (33.7±8.6) pg/ml,Z=-0.356,P＜0.05].② The expression of ERα,GPR30 mRNA in PBMCs of HC group was increased,compared with that in the AH group (0.000 17±0.000 23 vs 0.000 12± 0.000 12,0.002 0±0.002 1 vs 0.001 5±0.000 8,Z=-2.112,-2.147,P＜0.05,respectively).No significant difference in PBMCs ERβ mRNA levels was found between HC group and AH group,while a slight but not significant increase was observed in HC group.③ The Spearman correlation analysis found that the expression of ERα and ERβ mRNA,E2 and GR,ERβ and GLU in the AH group were positively related (r=0.259,0.251,0.260,P＜0.05,respectively).Conclusion The expression of E2,ERα,ERβ,GPR30 mRNA in the peripheral blood of patients with AH is decreased,suggesting that the estrogen and its receptor may be involved in the patho-genesis of hyperuricemia.
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Objective To investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of immunoglobulin (Ig)G isotype rheumatoid factors (IgG-RF) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods Five hundred patients with RA were enrolled randomly.IgG-RF antibody was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The correlations between serum IgG-RF antibody and clinical features,disease activities,laboratory of RA patients were evaluated.The comparison of continuous variables was performed by using the Student t-test or Mann-Whitney U test in accordance with normality testing.Chi-square test was performed for categorical variables.A value of P less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results ① IgG-RF was positive in 41.0％ (205/500) of RA patients.In patients with anti-citrullinated protein/peptide autoanti-bodies (ACPA) negative,RF negative or the seronegative patients (both ACPA and RF were negative),the positive rate of IgG-RF was 22.4％(24/107),13.2％(17/129) and 9.1％(5/55),respectively.② Compared with patients with negative IgG-RF,patients with positive IgG-RF had higher rates of joint deformity [(58.5％(120/205) vs 39.3％(116/295),x2=17.918] and bone erosion [(75.6％(118/156) vs 60.3％(140/232),x2=9.796] (P＜0.01,respectively).③ The patients with positive IgG-RF had higher rates of elevated ESR(86.3％ vs 67.8％,x2=22.426),IgG(29.9％ vs 20.0％,x2=6.310),compared to patients with negative IgG-RF (P＜0.05,respectively),and levels of ESR [(59±35) mm/1 h vs (47±32) mm/1 h,t=3.989] and CRP [(390±450) mg/L vs (290±340) mg/L,t=3.004] was higher in IgG-RF positive group than the negative (P＜0.01,respectivelys).④ Compared with the IgG-RF negative patients,the positive group had higher smoking rates (22.9％ vs 12.5％,x2=9.227),higher current smoking rates (16.6％ vs 7.1％,x2=11.119) and higher smoking index [(107±238) vs (49±161),t=3.199](P＜0.05,respectively).Conclusion IgG-RF had its clinical values in RA diagnosis.IgG-RF is significantly associated with joint deformity,bone erosions and smoking.
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Objective To conclude the practical nursing experiences of the infantile actue necrotizing fasciitis treated with vacuum sealing drainage(VSD) and continuous irrigation.Methods 21 cases of the infantile actue necrotizing fasciitis treated with with VSD and continuous irrigation were reviewed from January 2009 to December 2014.The nursing experiences of observation for the state of the illness,the safety management of VSD,the management of medication,mental nursing and health education were summarized.Results 21 infants all recovered and were discharged.Postoperative follow up 6 months later were conducted.No obvious disabilities of the extremities were found.Among them,8 cases were treated with VSD and continuous irrigation for 2 weeks and then had routine wound dressing changing for 10 days,the wound almost healed when discharged.13 cases were treated with VSD and continuous irrigation for one week and then had routine dressing changing for 12 to 13 days.The wound healed when discharged.No skin necrotizing,no scar of the incision and no other complications were detected.Conclusions Using VSD and continuous irrigation to treat the actue necrotizing fasciitis in infants are of great significance for the nurses to reduce the postoperative complication and promote rehabilitation doing as follows:turning over with the postoperative nursing of VSD in a standard manner,observation and management of the incision area,maintenance of the irrigation and VSD;observation and assessment of the infant's condition,management of the medication,mental nursing and health education.
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Objective To investigate the effect of bibliotherapy in soothing the postoperative pain in children and relieving the perioperative anxiety of children and their care givers. Methods Hospitalized children and their care givers from August 2007 to March 2009 were studied. 153 cases from August 2007 to May 2008 were assigned to the control group and the other 153 cases to the intervention group. Routine surgical nursing were applicated in the control group by introduction of perioperative nursing procedures.Bibliotherapy were applicated in the intervention group on the basis of the control group-using "bibliotherapy materials for hospitalized children" which was designed by ourselves and correspond with the theory of bibliotherapy to interfere in the 153 cases in the intervention group. The variance of preoperative anxiety of care givers and perceptions of postoperative pain of children between the two groups were compared with scales of mYPAS, STAI and FLACC and Wong- Baker Facial Scale. Results The scores of mYPAS in children of the intervention group and the control group was (35.875+4.441)and(46.796+8.606 )respectively and the variance was significant. The scores of STAI in care givers of the two groups was(38.125+4.371 )and (49.901 +7.420) respectively and revealed significant variance. The scores of Wong-Baker and FLACC in children of both groups 1 hour after operation were compared and revealed no statistical significance. The scores of Wong-Baker and FLACC in children at 6 hours and 24 hours postoperative were compared subjectively and objectively and revealed statistic significance. Conclusions Bibliotherapy can ameliorate the anxiety level of both children and their care givers, relieve the perception of postoperative pain in children and improve their comforts. Bibliotherapy thus conduces to the recovery of postoperative children.