ABSTRACT
The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori( H. pylori)infection among children remains high in China.Children infected with H. pylori reveal a tolerant immune response and a mild inflammatory response according to recent studies.Nodular gastritis is the most common endoscopic manifestation of H. pylori infection in children, and peptic ulcer occurs in a small number of pediatric patients.The relationship between H. pylori infection and digestive diseases, including gastroesophageal reflux disease, dyspepsia, and recurrent abdominal pain remains controversial.Numerous studies have confirmed that H. pylori infection is also associated with some blood system diseases, allergic diseases, and children′s growth, and could interacts with gut microbiota.However, the causality between H. pylori and diseases mentioned are not fully confirmed, and the pathogenesis mechanisms is still unclear.Therefore, further studies are needed to elicit the causality and mechanisms.