Ultra-short-course and intermittent TB47-containing oral regimens produce stable cure against Buruli ulcer in a murine model and prevent the emergence of resistance for

Buruli ulcer (BU), caused by

A correlative study of liver fat content and bone mineral density in middle-aged and elderly people / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To investigate the quantitative relationship between liver fat content and bone mineral density (BMD) in middle-aged and elderly people.Methods:Totally 184 middle-aged and elderly community residents were recruited from March to June 2016, including 68 males and 116 females. MRI mDIXON-Quant and quantitative CT (QCT) examinations were performed to determine the content of liver fat and L1-L3 vertebral BMD. The subjects were divided into four groups according to the quartiles of liver fat content, and the baseline characteristics and other variables of different groups were were identified by using one-way analysis of Variance. The relationship between liver fat content and lumbar vertebral BMD was assessed with Spearman correlation and partial correlation analysis.Result:Subjects with higher hepatic fat content had lower spine BMD and higher body mass index (BMI), waist circumference. Liver fat content was negatively correlated with BMD ( r=-0.203, P=0.003). After age and body weight were controlled, the negative correlation between liver fat content and BMD was still significant ( r=-0.291, P<0.001), in males ( r=-0.283, P=0.021) and in females ( r=-0.210, P=0.025). Conclusion:Liver fat content is negatively correlated with lumbar vertebral BMD in middle-aged and elderly people.

Advances in cell and molecular mechanisms of traumatic heterotopic ossification / 中华创伤杂志

Objective:Traumatic heterotopic ossification is the formation of extra-skeletal bone within soft tissues or joints after trauma. Injury factors induce many types of precursor cells to participate in this process. Many cytokines such as bone morphogenetic proteins, hypoxia inducible factor 1-α, inflammation factors and fibrin, can influence this process. Formation of heterotopic ossification often leads to the limitation of limb function and pain. However, prevention and treatment of heterotopic ossification often lead to bone nonunion and high recurrence rate. To find a treatment that can inhibit the formation of heterotopic ossification without affecting fracture healing has become a concern of clinicians. It is necessary to explore the formation mechanism of heterotopic ossification and find effective and safe methods. The authors document the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in formation of traumatic heterotopic ossification for better understanding the factors affecting the formation of heterotopic ossification so as to provide references for new treatment methods.

The mediating role of illness perception and illness distress on glycemic control and depression among people with type 2 diabetes / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the status of depression and physiological, psychological and social factors among people with type 2 diabetes(T2DM), as well as the mediating effects of illness perception and diabetes distress on glycemic control and depression.Methods:A total of 511 patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited and investigated using general demographic questionnaire, self-rating depression scale(SDS), brief illness perception questionnaire(BIPQ) and diabetes distress scale(DDS). Body mass index (BMI) and hemoglobin a1c (HbA1c) were detected in laboratory.Results:The mean score of SDS was (57.48±9.94). The distribution of depression condition were 138(27.0%)without depression, 179(35%)with mild depression, 174(34.1%)with moderate depression and 20(3.9%)with severe depression.SDS score was significantly positively correlated with poor glycemic control ( r=0.157, P<0.01), illness perception( r=0.359, P<0.01) and four dimensions of diabetes distress( r=0.177-0.354, P<0.01). Partially mediating effect of illness perception( B=0.216, 95% CI=0.112-0.372) was found in glycemic control and depression, the proportion of effect was 25.9%.The chain mediating effect ( B=0.086, 95% CI=0.042-0.149) of illness perception and diabetes distress was also found between glycemic control and depression, whose indirect effect size was 10.3%. Conclusion:Glycemic control is significantly related with depression.Illness perception and diabetes distress are partly mediating the effect between glycemic control and depression.

Analysis on changes of fluoride in rural centralized water supply in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2014 to 2018 / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To understand the situation and distribution of fluoride in rural centralized water supply in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Inner Mongolia for short), and provide a reference for adjustment of prevention and control measures.Methods:From 2014 to 2018, 836, 947, 1 033, 1 068, 1 099 rural centralized water supply monitoring sites were designated in 77 banners (counties, districts) separately in Inner Mongolia, and factory water and tip water samples were collected during plentiful phase and exhausted phase every year, respectively, and fluoride content was tested. Descriptive analysis was done according to time, water period (plentiful phase and exhausted phase), water sample type (factory water and tip water), water treatment method (conventional treatment, sedimentation and filtration, only disinfection and untreated), area distribution [eastern region (Hulunbuir, Xing'an League, Tongliao and Chifeng), central region (Hohhot, Baotou, Ulanqab and Xilinhot) and western region (Ordos, Bayannur and Alashan)], and the results were analyzed visually by ArcMAP 10.2.Results:From 2014 to 2018, 3 251, 3 671, 4 058, 4 087 and 4 395 water samples were collected, the medians fluoride were 0.69, 0.70, 0.69, 0.64 and 0.66 mg/L, and the annual compliance rates of fluoride were 80.31% (2 611/3 251), 81.83% (3 004/3 671), 83.14% (3 374/4 058), 85.91% (3 511/4 087) and 84.57% (3 717/4 395). The difference of compliance rate of fluoride in rural centralized water supply in different years was statistically significant (χ 2=51.748, P < 0.01), and the compliance rate of fluoride showed an increasing trend with the years (χ 2=41.140, P < 0.01). The compliance rates of fluoride in plentiful phase and exhausted phase were 83.36% (8 128/9 750) and 83.29% (8 089/9 712), respectively, and the difference was not significant statistically (χ 2=0.020, P > 0.05). As for water sample type, the compliance rates of fluoride in factory water and tip water were 83.55% (6 583/7 879) and 83.17% (9 628/11 576), and the difference was not significant statistically (χ 2=0.485, P > 0.05). The difference of compliance rate of fluoride in different water treatment methods was statistically significant (χ 2=192.014, P < 0.01). The compliance rates of fluoride in water with conventional treatment and only disinfection were higher [95.51% (404/423) and 94.44% (986/1 044)]; and the untreated water had the lowest compliance rate of fluoride [81.75% (13 073/15 991)]. There was a statistically significant difference in compliance rates of fluoride in the eastern, central and western regions (χ 2=629.256, P < 0.01), with the eastern region had the highest compliance rate of 89.17% (7 337/8 228); the central region had the lowest compliance rate of 74.67% (5 391/7 220). The visualization results showed that the compliance rate of fluoride was obviously low in the central region north of Yin Mountains and west of Greater Higgnan Mountains. Conclusions:From 2014 to 2018, the compliance rates of fluoride in rural centralized water supply increase year by year, and some achievements have been made in fluorine reduction and water improvement project in Inner Mongolia. However, there are still some rural areas with low level of water fluoride compliance rates which mainly distribute in the central region of Inner Mongolia in the north of Yin Mountains and west of Greater Higgnan Mountains. The current focus of prevention and control should be shifted from "general control" to "precise fluorine control". In the future, it is necessary to implement treatment projects in key areas of fluorine pollution from the aspects of policy implementation and technological innovation to ensure the drinking water safety of local rural residents.

Literature review of the research on chronic prostatitis treated by traditional Chinese medicine / 国际中医中药杂志

This paper reviews the clinical research on the treatment of chronic prostatitis with traditional Chinese medicine in recent years. It is believed that the core of the etiology and pathogenesis of this disease lies in the deficiency of spleen and kidney, dampness heat, phlegm turbid and blood stasis toxin. If the disease lasts for a long time, the spleen and kidney become to the deficiency from excess. The internal treatment of traditional Chinese medicine includes syndrome differentiation, disease differentiation or single prescription, while the external treatment mainly includes herbal bathing, enema, anal administration and acupuncture. Traditional Chinese medicine has advantages in the treatment of this disease. We should continue to study the the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine for this disease, standardize the syndrome differentiation and treatment and outocmes evaluation, and carry out research on famous prescriptions on prostatitis.

A correlative study of liver fat content and bone mineral density in middle-aged and elderly people / 中华放射学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the quantitative relationship between liver fat content and bone mineral density (BMD) in middle-aged and elderly people.@*Methods@#Totally 184 middle-aged and elderly community residents were recruited from March to June 2016, including 68 males and 116 females. MRI mDIXON-Quant and quantitative CT (QCT) examinations were performed to determine the content of liver fat and L1-L3 vertebral BMD. The subjects were divided into four groups according to the quartiles of liver fat content, and the baseline characteristics and other variables of different groups were were identified by using one-way analysis of Variance. The relationship between liver fat content and lumbar vertebral BMD was assessed with Spearman correlation and partial correlation analysis.@*Result@#Subjects with higher hepatic fat content had lower spine BMD and higher body mass index (BMI), waist circumference. Liver fat content was negatively correlated with BMD (r=-0.203, P=0.003). After age and body weight were controlled, the negative correlation between liver fat content and BMD was still significant (r=-0.291, P<0.001), in males (r=-0.283, P=0.021) and in females (r=-0.210, P=0.025).@*Conclusion@#Liver fat content is negatively correlated with lumbar vertebral BMD in middle-aged and elderly people.

The characteristics of trunk muscle activity in patients with Parkinson's disease / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To explore the characteristics of trunk muscle activity in persons with Parkinson's disease (PD) in search of better treatments for abnormal posture.Methods Ninety persons with PD of different severity and 8 normal controls were studied using surface electromyography (sEMG).A sixteen-lead sEMG instrument was used to collect sEMG amplitudes from the bilateral thoracic erector spinae,lumbar erector spinae,external oblique and rectus abdominis muscles when the subjects were lying,standing and walking.Results Compared with the control group,a significant increase was observed in the sEMG amplitude of the lumbar erector spinal muscle [(18.56±14.57) μV] and rectus abdominis muscles [(24.00±18.80)μV] of the PD group when lying.Significant relative increases in (P＜0.05),of the external oblique muscles were observed [(27.87± 11.49)μV] when standing (P＜0.05),and in the thoracic erector spinae muscle [(58.74±29.69)μV] and external oblique muscles [(59.01± 25.20) μV] increased when walking (P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the sEMG activity of the external oblique muscles was significantly elevated in PD patients at Hoehn and Yahr stage 1 to 1.5 when walking.One or more of the trunk muscle groups showed significantly greater activity in the PD patients in Hoehn and Yahr stage 2 or 3 in all three positions.Conclusions The sEMG activities of the extensor and flexor muscles increase simultaneously in PD patients.More trunk muscles are involved in PD patients with higher H-Y grades.These findings provide a neurophysiological basis for the customizaton of rehabilitation therapy for patients with Parkinson's disease and for the precise selection of muscles for botulinum toxin injection.

Optical properties of computer aided design and computer aided manufactured materials for veneer restorations / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the translucency parameters (TP) and the color parameters of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) materials for veneer restorations in order to guide clinical practice.@*Methods@#Eleven groups of CAD/CAM materials (A2 shade) were included in this study: IPS e.max CAD HT/LT, IPS Empress CAD HT/LT, LavaTM Ultimate HT/LT, VITA SUPRINITY HT/T, VITA ENAMIC HT/T, VITABLOCS Mark Ⅱ, and were named as Group A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K. Each material was designed and milled to disk-shaped specimens (10.0 mm×8.0 mm×0.7 mm) (n=6). The specimens were polished with silicon carbide paper and the thickness of specimens were adjusted into (0.60±0.03) mm. The color parameters of specimens were individually measured with the colorimeter against black and white ceramic tiles background to obtain the TP values. The color parameters of the specimens against the composite resin background were also measured and the color differences (ΔE values) between specimens and the A2 shade tab were calculated.@*Results@#One-way ANOVA showed that the translucency parameters of the 11 groups of materials were statistically significant (F=253.69, P<0.05). The ΔE values of CAD/CAM material groups ranged from 1.78 to 4.12 (ΔE values<5.5).@*Conclusions@#The microstructure of CAD/CAM materials and the types of material translucency influence the optical properties. The CAD/CAM materials in this experiment have achieved color matching with the A2 shade tab.

Study of voice disorder based on acoustic assessment in Parkinson's disease / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To analyze the acoustic features of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD),and to explore the correlation between the acoustic features and the severity and course of disease.Methods Fifty-two patients with PD from the Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical University and the Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to the Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University from August to December 2015 were enrolled into this study.Thirty-two age-matched healthy people served as control group.PD patients were tested with Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) staging.And all the patients were tested with Mini-Mental State Examiantion (MMSE) and Voice Handicap Index (VHI).The voice samples of all subjects were collected and the frequency perturbation (jitter),amplitude perturbation (shimmer),and harmonic-to-noise ratio (NHR) were analyzed using a vocal assessment.Fundamental frequency (F0),standard deviation of fundamental frequency (SDF0) and formant ratio (F2i/F2u) were analyzed using a real-time speech measuring instrument.The acoustic parameters of the two groups were compared and the correlation between the parameters of the patients and the disease and course of disease was analyzed.Results Subjective assessment using VHI showed a total of 24 VHI abnormalities (46％) in the PD group,including 13 males (54％),11 females (46％).No VHI abnormalities were found in the control group.Among the parameters analyzed by objective acoustic method,compared with the control group (female/a/1.43(1.19,1.92),/i/3.39(1.49,9.85),/u/1.46(1.23,3.85);male/a/1.06(0.92,1.89),/u/1.30(1.07,1.64)),the SDF0 of the three vowels of the female patients in the PD group (/a/2.99(1.81,4.12),Z=5.429,P＜0.01;/i/10.89(5.47,22.20),Z=8.487,P＜0.01;/u/5.16(3.75,7.80),Z=7.138,P＜0.01) and /a/ and /u/ of the male patients in the PD group (/a/2.16(1.73,2.94),Z=4.858,P=0.002;/u/3.70(2.41,5.43),Z=7.664,P＜0.01) were significantly increased,and the F2i/F2u in the PD group (male 1.96±0.84,female 1.81± 1.14) was lower than that in the control group (male 3.48±0.70,female 4.14± 1.08),and the difference was statistically significant (t=-6.669,-6.844,P＜0.01).There were no statistically significant differences in frequency perturbation,amplitude perturbation,harmonic noise ratio and fundamental frequency.Only the fundamental frequency standard deviation of the sound parameters used in the study was correlated with the disease course of PD patients.After the severity of the disease was assessed by H-Y staging,the frequency perturbation (jitter),amplitude perturbation (shimmer) in the middle and late stage patients were higher than those in the early stage patients,and the difference of frequency perturbation in the three vowels was statistically significant,and the difference of amplitude perturbation in the vowels/i/and/u/was statistically significant.No correlation was found between the acoustic parameters and UPDRS score.Conclusions Consonance disorders are common in PD patients,and the changes in acoustic parameters are mainly manifested as the increase in the SDF0 and the decrease in the F2i/F2u.Acoustic parameters can be used as an effective indicator to evaluate the condition and course of PD patients,and further language tasks need to be added to clarify.

Three-stage functional ear reconstruction for microtia with congenital aural stenosis / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To discuss the clinical results of three-stage functional ear reconstruction for microtia with congenital aural stenosis (CAS).@*Methods@#From September 2007 to June 2017, 53 cases of microtia with CAS underwent all three-stage functional ear reconstruction, and 445 cases of microtia underwent two stage ear reconstruction without meatoplasty at the same periods. First-stage of three-stage functional ear reconstruction: it was similar to Nagata technique. The crus of helix could not be too long, since we needed the space for the next meatoplasty. Second-stage: it was a modified meatoplasty with endoaural-conchal incision, in which two local rotation flaps and a transposition split-thickness scalp flap were used to widen the stenotic external auditory canal (EAC) and reconstructed the tympanic membrane. Third-stage: it was a modified technique for firm elevation of the reconstructed auricle by using the retro-auricular fascial flap wrapping a porous polyethylene (Medpor) wedge or stored cartilage as the strut. If the patient showed EAC cholesteatoma or infection, we could do the meatoplasty at the first stage. If the patient had completed ear reconstruction, meatoplasty could be done at the third stage.@*Results@#53 cases underwent all three-stage functional ear reconstruction. There were 41 cases (77.4%) obtaining serviceable hearing. The complication rate of meatoplasty was 1.89% and the complication rate of ear reconstruction was 5.66%. Among the 445 cases of microtia treated with two stage ear reconstruction without meatoplasty, the complication rate of ear reconstruction was 9.43%. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#Our novel three-stage functional ear reconstruction is a feasible strategy for microtia with CAS. The patients can obtain satisfactory auricle and serviceable hearing. The results are stable and can improve the life quality in both aesthetics and hearing function.

Audiological Outcomes of Sophonotron Bone Conduction Hearing Aid from a Multicenter Investigation / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the hearing performance of a new transcutaneous bone conduction hearing aid.Methods One hundred and nine patients with conductive or mix hearing loss and eleven patients with single sided sensorineural hearing loss from four tertiary referral centers were tested under unaided and aided conditions with the sound processors on testbands.Free field test was performed to obtain the hearing thresholds and speech recognition thresholds in quiet.Adverse events were also documented by a self-reported questionnaire.Results ①Conductive or mixed hearing loss patients:for aged≥6 yrs subgroup,the bone conduction PTA average of aided sides was 18.55±8.99 dB HL.For aged<6 yrs subgroup, the bone conduction ABR hearing threshold average was 18.33±8.36 dB HL.②Statistically significant improvements in free field hearing thresholds were seen when compared aided hearing with unaided outcomes.The average PTA (pure tone average in free field) was measured at 32.21±10.00, 37.33±14.15, and 34.38±10.76 dB HL respectively in conductive or mixed hearing loss aged≥6 yrs subgroup;aged<6 yrs subgroup and SSD subgroup.③In aided situations;speech recognition thresholds in quiet were significantly better compared to unaided situation in patients aged≥6yrs.④None of patients presented adverse events related to the devices.Conclusion The Sophono bone conduction hearing aid has satisfactory hearing performance and can be considered an alternative device for patients with conductive or mix hearing loss or with SSD.

Efficacy and tolerance of methotrexate in maintenance of remission in 49 patients with Crohn′s disease / 中华消化杂志

Objective To analyze the efficacy and tolerance of methotrexate(MTX)in remission maintenance of Crohn′s disease (CD).Methods From June 2012 to August 2015 ,49 CD patients who received MTX as mainly treatment medication to maintain remission were enrolled.The pre-medication history,efficacy,dosage and side effects of MTX were analyzed.The effects of inducing strategy on disease recurrence were analyzed.Chi-square test and t test were used for statistical analysis.Results Among the 49 patients,34 (69.4%)received steroids for remission inducing,nine (18.4%)received infliximab for remission inducing and six (12.2%)achieved remission after operation.In the 44 patients treated with azathioprine (AZA)before,the median treatment time was one month and the dosage for withdrawal of AZA was (42.0 ± 14.8)mg/d.The most common reason was leucopenia (81 .8%, 36/44).Till the time point of follow-up,46 of the 49 CD patients still took MTX orally with a median treatment time of 16 months,and the weekly dosage was (12.7 ±2.0)mg.Thirty-one cases (67.4%) achieved clinical stability,while 15 cases (32.6%)underwent clinical recurrence.The median Crohn′s disease activity index (CDAI)was 123.5 ± 66.6.The weekly dosage of clinical stability group was (12.5 ±2.1)mg,and that of clinical recurrence group was (13.0 ±1 .7 )mg,there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (t =0.802,P =0.426 ).The recurrence rate of steroids-induced remission group was 41 .2% (14/34 ),which was higher than that of infliximab and surgery-induced remission group (1/15),and the differnce was statistically significant (χ2 =5 .177,P =0.023 ). The common side effects were gastrointestinal reaction (26.5 %, 13/49 ), impaired liver function (20.4%,10/49)and leukopenia (12.2%,6/49).Only three cases could not tolerate the side effects and underwent medication withdrawal.Conclusions As a second-line immunosuppressant for maintanence remission in CD,MTX is effective and well-tolerated in patients.So it can be an important option during the long course of CD.

Liensinine promotes apoptosis of bladder cancer 5637 cells and enhances Caspase-7 expression and activation / 天津医药

Objective To study the effects of Liensinine on apoptosis of 5637 cells, and its mechanism thereof. Meth?ods CCK-8 method and the colony formation test were used to detect cell viabilities, and then inhibition rates were calcu?lated. Flow cytometry was used to detect the effects of Liensinine on apoptosis of 5637 cells. Western blot assay was used to detect Caspase-7 protein expression. Results CCK-8 assay and colony formation test indicated that Liensinine inhibited the cell proliferation significantly. Results of flow cytometry indicated that Liensinine induced early apoptosis of 5637 cells. Western blot assay showed that Liensinine improved the expression of Caspase-7 and enhanced the activation of Caspase-7 in 5637 cells. Conclusion Liensinine could inhibit the proliferation of 5637 cells, induce early apoptosis, which may be re?lated with the enhanced expression of Caspase-7 and its activation.

Regulation of liensinine on T24 bladder cancer cell proliferation and cycle / 重庆医学

Objective To study the effect of liensinine on the proliferation of human bladder cancer T24 cells.Methods T24 cells were treated with different concentrations of liensinine.Its influence on the cell proliferation was detected by the CCK-8 exper-iment and the clonogenic experiment.After staining of T24 cells,the influence of liensinine on the cell cycle was examined by the flow cytometry.The mRNA change of p2 1 gene was determined by real-time quantitative PCR.Results Compared with the con-trol,liensinine significantly inhibited the proliferation of T24 cells in different doses groups(1.562 5,3.125 0,6.250 0,12.500 0, 25.000 0μg/mL),the differences had statistical significance and showed the dose-dependence;the cell cycle detection results re-vealed that liensinine arrested the T24 cells at the S phase;the real-time quantitative PCR detection results showed that liensinine increased mRNA of p21 gene in T24 cells.Conclusion Liensinine inhibits the proliferation of T24 bladder cancer cells and arrests the T24 cells at S phase,its mechanism may be related with the upregulation of p21 expression.

Comparison of Allergic Rhinitic Models Induced by Various Allergens / 中国药师

Objective:To compare the models of guinea pig allergic rhinitis induced by different allergens. Methods: Ovalbumin (OVA), 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) and alternariaalternata was respectively used as the allergens to establish the model of guinea pigs allergic rhinitis. The conformity of the models and human allergic rhinitis was studied through the behavioral indices, such as the times of nose itches, nasal discharge flow, histological properties and serum HA and IgE indices. Results:The times of sneezing and scratching nose, serum HA and IgE in OVA group was significantly different from those in the control group (P<0. 001 or P<0. 01). Conclusion:The models of allergic rhinitis induced by OVA are the same as allergic rhinitis in typical symptoms and pathological changes.

Evaluate the effect of mucosal healing after low-dose azathioprine in patients with small bowel Crohn's disease by double-balloon enteroscopy / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of double-balloon enteroscopy( DBE)in as-sessing the effect of mucosal healing in patients with moderate small bowel Crohn's disease( CD)treated with low-dose azathioprine. Methods CD patients who were naive to any immunomodulators or biological a-gents with lesions mainly located in ileu were screened by multislice CT enterography and anal-route DBE at baseline. Lesions at 150 cm proximal to ileocecal valve were assessed by DBE with Simple Endoscopic Score for CD( SES-CD)after 12 and 24 months of low-dose azathioprine treatment,respectively. Results A total of 36 patients were enrolled and the average tolerated dose of azathioprine was(61. 8 ± 17. 2)mg/day. The total rates of complete,near-complete,partial and no mucosal healing in 36 patients were 19. 4%(7/36), 5. 6%(2/36),27. 8%(10/36),and 47. 2%(17/36)at month 12 and 30. 6%(11/36),25. 0%(9/36), 33. 3%(12/36),and 11. 1%(4/36)at month 24,respectively. The baseline SES-CD score(OR=2. 71, 95%CI:1. 11-6. 63,P=0. 029)and duration of disease(OR=1. 27,95%CI:1. 10-1. 47,P =0. 001) were two relevant factors associated with mucosal healing of small bowel CD. Conclusion DBE has a signif-icant advantage in assessing post-therapy mucosal healing for patients with small bowel CD. The optimal time point for the first follow-up by DBE is at least 12 months after low-dose azathioprine treatment.

Research on risk factors and pathogenic characteristics of catheter-related infection in intensive care unit / 中国医师进修杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the risk factors and pathogenic characteristics of catheterrelated infection (CRI) in intensive care unit (ICU),so as to find a better way for its treatment.Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on 247 deep-venous catheter (DVC) from January 2007 to December 2010.ResultsAmong 247 patients,positive results of 41 patients diagnosed CRI,negative results of 206 patients undiagnosed CRI.Compared with undiagnosed CRI patients,found the correlation of the underlying infectious diseases,indwelling time of catheter and puncture sites associated with CRI occurred(P ＜ 0.05 ).CRI major pathogen was gram-positive bacteria (58.5％,24/41 ),in which Staphylococcus epidermis was the major pathogenic bacteria(22.0％,9/41).The drug resistance occurred in most pathogen.Conclusions The occurrence of CRI is related with multiple clinical factors.The gram-positive bacteria is the major pathogen.The etiological monitor should be enforced in patients with DVC.

Relationship between 3-d reconstruction of regenerated fibers and functional recovery after mastoid segment of facial nerve was repaired / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the relationship between three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction of regenerated fibers and functional recovery after mastoid segment of facial nerve was repaired with either end-to-end anastomosis or autogenous great auricular nerve grafting.@*METHOD@#Thirty healthy adult New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: one was end-to-end anastomosis group and another was autogenous great auricular nerve grafting group. Only mastoid segment of right facial nerve of each animal was dissected and the contralateral nerve was as a control. Electromyogram (EMG) were recorded from 5 animals of each group at the 30th d, 90th d and 120th d after operation. After that the nerves were extracted, fixed, decalcified and embedded in paraffin. Samples was sectioned serially at 6 microm and stained with special trichrome stain. All the imagines were imported into Mimics software to reconstruct the 3-D model.@*RESULT@#The significant differences were found in the regenerate fibers on 30 th d,and were found in amplitude of EMG on 30 th d and 90 th d. The image of 3-D reconstruction showed that the myelin sheath were thickening, connected from proximal to the distal gradually after repair.@*CONCLUSION@#The 3-D reconstruction of regenerated nerve fibers partly conformed to the functional recovery after facial nerve trunk was repaired. The functional recovery of facial nerve was related with both the quantity and the quality of regenerated nerve fibers.

The changes in vestibular function in patients with diabetes mellitus and its clinical significance / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the changes of vestibular function in patients with diabetes mellitus and its clinical significance.@*METHOD@#Electronystagmography (ENG) was used to examine 76 patients with diabetes mellitus and 60 healthy adults subjects. After clinical detection of vestibular function including spontaneous nystagmus, positional test, head shaking nystagmus, neck torsion test, caloric test, and sensory organization tests which consist of gaze, saccade and smooth pursuit test, the results of these two groups were recorded for qualitative and quantitative statistical analysis.@*RESULT@#The rate of vestibular dysfunction in patients with diabetes mellitus were 68.4%. and that of the controls were 8.3%. There was significant difference between these two groups (chi2 = 15.472, P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Vertigo or dizziness occurred in patients with diabetes mellitus might be related to vestibular dysfunction. ENG test could be used as one of the objective clinical examinations in patients with diabetes mellitus.