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Objective To investigate the effect of overexpression of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) on BMP-2 induced cell osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).Methods MSCs,transfected with plasmid DNA encoding recombinant human COMP,were induced to differentiate into osteocytes and chondrocytes by BMP-2.Realtime PCR of osteogenic related markers (Col1a1,RUNX2,OPN,BGP) and chondrogenic related markers (Col2a1,SOX9,Aggrecan) were performed to evaluate the process of cell differentiation.ALP staining,Alizarin red S staining for osteogenic differentiation and alcian blue staining for chandrogenic differentiation were conducted to evaluate the tendency of cell differentiation.Results Real-time PCR assay presented the significantly higher (P＜0.05) COMP expression of MSCs when COMP gene was transfected into cells.The expression level of OPN was significantly (P＜0.05) down-regulated at all the time points in experimental group compared with that in control group.A final significant (P＜0.05) up-regulation of expression appeared in experimental group at the late stage of induction (day 7,14) compared with that in control group,even though a decrease (P＜0.05) expression of Col1a1,RUNX2 and BGP in experimental group occurred at the early stage of induction (day 3).The expression of Aggrecan and Col2a1 in experimental group was up-regulated (P＜0.05) at different time points compared with that in control group.And a significant higher (P＜0.05) expression of SOX9 in experimental group only appeared at day 7 compared with that in control group.ALP staining and Alizarin red S staining were weakened while alcian blue staining was enhanced.Conclusion COMP may inhibit BMP-2 induced osteogenic differentiation and promote BMP-2 induced chondrogenic differentiation,which may provide new insight for cartilage tissue engineering.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>It is well accepted that the minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for total hip arthroplasty (THA) should combine with less or no muscle damage and is different from mini-incision technique and MIS should have better outcomes than mini-incision surgery. The aim of current analysis was to apply an explicitly defined sub-group analysis to confirm whether this hypothesis is true.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A computerized literature search was applied to find any data concerning MIS or mini-incision THAs. A multistage screening was then performed to identify randomized studies fulfilling the inclusive criteria for the analysis. The data were extracted, and sub-group analyses of MIS or mini-incision surgery for different kinds of outcomes were carried out. The P(sub) value for difference between MIS sub-group and mini-incision sub-group was also calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eleven studies that fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included, with 472 cases in the study group (MIS or mini-incision) and 492 cases in the conventional group. The overall analysis showed the study group would achieve less surgical duration (P = 0.037), intraoperative blood (P < 0.001) and incision length (P < 0.001) than conventional group. The difference between sub-groups showed, the MIS would achieve shorter incision length (P(sub) < 0.05) and bigger cup abduction angle (P(sub) < 0.05), and cause more blood loss (P (sub) < 0.05) than mini-incision technique. Other indexes were comparable between the two sub-groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Though further high quality studies are still needed, the result of current analysis offered an initial conclusion that MIS THA failed to achieve a better clinical outcome than mini-incision technique. The exact definition of MIS still needs to be improved.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip , Methods , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures , Methods , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of sho-saiko-to compound (SSTC) on the growth of the well-differentiated squamous cell line 1 of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (CNE-1) and well-differentiated CNE-2 in tumor-bearing nude mouse, and try to supply scientific data for its clinical development.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>SSTC were prepared by concentration gradients, and the effect of SSTC on the growth and proliferation of the CNE-1 and CNE-2 were investigated by MT assay and soft-agar colony formation test. After setting up the subcutaneous tumor-bearing nude mouse model at the right lower back (0.2 mL CNE-2 cell suspension, 5 x 10(5)/mL), we randomly divided forty mice into 5 groups and gave high, middle and low concentration groups of SSTC (0.5, 0.25, 0.125 g X mL(-1) by intragastric administration. Positive and negative groups were set up for comparison. After constant administration for 15 days, the volume and weight of the tumor were measured for inhibition rate, so as to investigate the role of SSTC on the CNE-2 bearing tumor.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>In vitro, compared with negative control, SSTC at different gradient concentrations were cultured with the CNE-1 and CNE-2 for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. It showed that the growth and proliferation of both cell lines were inhibited to some extent. The inhibition rate was increased as the concentration and culture time increasing. Both MTT assay and soft-agar colony formation test showed that the 50% inhibiting concentration (IC50) was about 2.5 g X L(-1). In vivo, compared with negative control, the SSTC could slow down the tumor growth in the SSTC treated groups. The tumor growth of the negative control group (0.76 +/- 0.28) g, (962.88 +/- 245.96) mm3 and the low concentration group of SSTC (0.88 +/- 0.40) g, (1239.66 +/- 421.93) mm3 were obviously faster than those of the high, middle concentration group of SSTC (0.22 +/- 0.14) g, (239.31 +/- 137.07) mm3; (0.20 +/- 0.16) g, (263.42 +/- 166.57) mm3 and CTX positive control group (0.20 +/- 0.10) g, (246.72 +/- 194.6) mm3 (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SSTC could efficiently inhibit the growth and proliferation of CNE-1 and CNE-2 in vitro, and slow down the tumor growth of the CNE-2 bearing nude mice. It may be a new compound of Chinese medicine for nasopharyngeal carcinoma therapy.</p>