Microbiology aspect of wound infection: in-vitro test for efficacy of hydrophobic dressing in microorganism binding.

Aim To do in vitro test to assess the effi cacy of hydrophobic dressing Cutimed® Sorbact® to bind multiresistant bacteria that caused wound infection, the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Method This was a cross sectional study that was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, on January 2009. In-vitro testing of sterile hydrophobic dressing to bind microorganisms was conducted by counting MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa that were bound to 1 square centimetre of single layer sterile hydrophobic dressing (Cutimed® Sorbact®). Every test was done in triplicate at 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 30 minutes, 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours. To compare the hydrophobic dressing capability to bind microorganisms, in vitro testing of sterile conventional dressing to bind microorganisms on 0.5 minutes and 2 hours was done. Result The binding capacity of sterile hydrophobic dressing began at 0.5 minutes and teached a maximum at 2 hours. Compared with conventional dressing, sterile hydrophobic dressing had more binding capability to MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion Hydrophobic dressing (Cutimed® Sorbact®) had a higher capability to bind MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa compared to conventional dressing.

Water quality of Angke River: Microbiological point of view.

This research is a part of a multidisciplinary research in the Angke River. The aim of this research is to study the river’s water quality from the microbiological point of view in several locations along the Angke River. The locations under this study included: Duri Kosambi, Pesing Poglar, Teluk Gong, Pantai Indah Kapuk and Estuary (4 points). The examinations were held in term of microbiological aspects, based on the guide published by the Ministry of Health, the Republic of Indonesia and concluded according to Government Regulation. The parameter of microbiological tests was the most probability number (MPN) of total and fecal coliform. The method used was done in 2 steps: presumptive and confirmed test. Completed test was conducted to confirm the presence of E.coli and other bacteria in water. The result showed that the water quality of the Angke River was poor; therefore, it is not recommended to be used as drinking water. It is categorized as the 2nd class quality that means it can only be used for water recreation, veterinary, showering plants and or other purposes that require the same quality of water. The MPN of total coliform at Pantai Indah Kapuk and the outer side of river mouth (estuary area) was lower than other areas. People who live in Pantai Indah Kapuk are having a higher economic level. Therefore, it can be assumed that they are more educated people who have more insight about hygiene. Further, the water at the outer side of river mouth contains a higher salt concentration that can kill pathogenic bacteria. In conclusion, the water quality of the Angke River is categorized as 2nd class quality not recommended to be used as dringking water except the water from Pantai Indah Kapuk and estuary area that can be used as dringking water after boiling.

Patterns of bacterial resistance against Ceftriaxone from 2002 to 2005 in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia.

The spread of drug resistant microbes is a global public health challenge which impairs the efficacy of antimicrobial agents and causes substantial increase in morbidity and mortality rates, including healthcare-associated costs. Monitoring of antimicrobial drug resistance from documented microbial epidemiology & resistance rate is useful in preventing the emergence of resistance. This study reports on the pattern of bacterial resistance against ceftriaxone in the past 4 years. The data were obtained from specimens examined in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia from 2002 to 2005. Microbial species were determined from culture and identification tests. Disc diffusion method was used for sensitivity testing of ceftriaxone to 14 Gram-negative and 7 Gram-positive bacteria. Although resistance rates were increased from 2002 to 2005, resistance rates of ceftriaxone were found to be less than 50%. Low resistance rates (< 3%) were observed for Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi A, Shigella flexneri, Serratia marcescens, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. These results could be useful in developing guidelines on the use of ceftriaxone in Indonesia.