ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess the frequency of stress and anxiety levels in infertile women, and to correlate these aspects with risk factors, in order to obtain data for specific psychological guidance. METHODS: The case-control study included a total of 302 women, 152 being infertile (case group: 30.3 +/- 5.4 years), and 150 non-fertile (control group: 25.7 +/- 7.9 years). The quantitative approach involved the application of Lipp's Stress Symptoms Inventory and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Response variables considered were: stress frequency and anxiety scores (State and Trait). Statistical analysis was performed by using the Chi-squared and Mann-Whitney tests, and logistical regression to test associations between response variables and considered risk factors. Statistical significance was defined as p < 0.05. RESULTS: The stress was more frequent in the case group than the control group (61.8 and 36.0%, respectively), however, no significant differences were observed between groups in relation to stress phases and predominant symptoms. With respect to anxiety, there were no significant differences between case and control groups as to median state scores (39.5 and 41.0; respectively) and anxiety trait scores (44.0 and 42.0; respectively). Factors significantly associated with greater risk for high anxiety scores in the case group were: primary infertility, unawareness of the causal factor, diagnostic phase investigation, religion, lack of children from other marriages. CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that infertile women are more vulnerable to stress; however, they are capable of adapting to stressful events without serious physical or psychological compromising.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anxiety/diagnosis , Stress, Psychological/diagnosis , Infertility, Female/psychology , Adaptation, Psychological , Anxiety/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Epidemiologic Methods , Stress, Psychological/epidemiology , Personality Inventory , PsychometricsABSTRACT
A case of intrathoracic gossypiboma following a surgical technique of repair persistent arteriosus duct since 11 years before in 17-year-man; was still asymptomatic. The chest Rx was localized the cyst mass in the left costophrenic side. CT scan was seen as a heterogeneous cyts mass with calcified periphery. In the surgical session, purulent liquid intracavitary was seen. The cultures were negative. A gossypiboma ( retained surgical sponge of cotton) was removed. 15 postoperative day was seen without residual cavitation. This asymptomatic intrathoracic cyst mass do to thought in gossypiboma if exist the background of previous thoracic surgical operation though exist suspicion of hydatid disease
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Echinococcosis, Pulmonary , Foreign-Body Reaction/surgeryABSTRACT
A epidemiologia do cancer e o estudo dos fatores determinantes da frequencia e da distribuicao desta doenca na comunidade humana. Os autores analisam os principais fatores epidemiologicos relacionados ao cancer do colo do utero baseados numa avaliacao de 848 pacientes portadoras desta neoplasia maligna. A maior incidencia do carcinoma do colo do utero foi observada nas mulheres que iniciaram a vida sexual antes dos 18 anos e que tiveram o primeiro filho nesta faixa etaria. Os autores observaram uma estreita relacao entre a incidencia do cancer do colo do utero e as precarias condicoes socio-economicas das pacientes e que favorecem o contato sexual precoce, as gestacoes ocorrendo abaixo dos 20 anos, as gestacoes multiplas, a promiscuidade e a higiene inadequada dos genitais. Sao discutidos as evidencias soro-epidemiologicas e experimentais das infeccoes genitais pelo virus do herpes genitalis tipo 2 e suas relacoes com a incidencia do cancer do colo do utero