Epidemiology of pterygium in aged rural population of Beijing, China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Pterygium is a common ophthalmic disease and an important public health problem. It may be affected by many factors such as age, gender, ultraviolet radiation exposure, and time spent outdoors. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of pterygium and evaluate the risk factors for the development of pterygium in the aged rural population of Beijing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The investigation is a population-based cross-sectional study. Participants from 198 villages of 13 suburban districts, aged 55 - 85 years old, were invited to complete a medical record, and 37 067 individuals were taken external ocular and fundus photos at Beijing ocular disease survey in 2008-2009. The information was uploaded by Internet and diagnosed with stages and grades by ophthalmological specialists. The prevalence, stages and grades of pterygia were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 37 067 individuals, 1395 (3.76%) had pterygium. There was a significantly higher prevalence in male (5.13%) than in female (3.17%, P = 0.000). The prevalence rate increased obviously with ages (chi(2) = 7.939, P = 0.019) in rural Beijing. The average prevalence of 5.91% in Daxing and Fangshan districts with low latitude and low precipitation was significantly higher than that in Miyun and Huairou districts with high latitude and deep precipitation (3.17%, P = 0.000). The majority of the pterygia (43.5%) were in active stage and 46.5% pterygia involved pupil area corneas.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There is a statistically significant association between latitude and precipitation of habitation region and pterygium formation. Solar radiation, especially ultraviolet exposure represents a significant environment hazard to pterygium development.</p>

A novel RPGR gene mutation in a Chinese family with X-linked dominant retinitis pigmentosa / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To report a novel mutation in RPGR gene in a Chinese family with X-linked dominant retinitis pigmentosa(XLRP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Genetic linkage analysis was performed on the known genetic loci for XLRP with a panel of polymorphic markers, then the mutations were identified by single-strand conformation polymorphism(SSCP) and direct sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Significant two-point Lod score was generated using marker DXS8025 (Zmax=2.4, theta =0). The disease gene locus was confined to Xp21.1 with further analysis of genetic linkage and haplotype. Mutations screening of RPGR gene in this family revealed a GA deletion at ORF15+483-484 which caused the open reading frameshift. This novel mutation co-segregated with the affected members of the pedigree, but it was not present in the unaffected relatives.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The above finding expands the spectrum of RPGR mutations causing XLRP in Chinese family and is useful for further genetic consultation and genetic diagnosis.</p>

Prevalence of refractive error in defined populations in rural and urban areas in Beijing / 眼科

0.5D) were 21.4%,1.8%,19.5%,36.0%,and 22.5%, respectively.The prevalence of myopia and high myopia significantly decreased with age (P=0.001).The prevalence of hyperopia, astigmatism,anisometropia tended to increase with age (all P