Prevalence trend of youth smoking in 29 Townships of Bago, Magwe and Mandalay Divisions, September 1999

In 1999 September a cross-sectional analytic study was conducted in 29 townships of Mandalay. Magwe and Bago divisions of Myanmar. Randomly selected 2074 urban and 1781 rural 15-24 year old youths from 4808 households were interviewed. 5.6 per cent of females and 67.6 per cent of male youths reported as current smokers. At age 14, 37 per cent of the boys smoked. At age 17, more than half of males smoked, and, at age 22 and older, nearly 80 per cent of them were already smoking. Girls started smoking later than boys. Only 1 per cent of 15-year-old girls smoked. When the females reached age 22-24, approximately 10 per cent of them smoked. Comparing different youth cohorts, the younger started smoking earlier than the older youths. Median age of starting tobacco smoking for the 16 year old males was 16; that was approximately 3 years earlier than the median age of smoking for the 24 years old males.

Health Risks Related To Family Formation In Mingalataungnyunt Area (1982-1983)

A notable finding of the study is that, when all the family formation variables are considered a favourable pregnancy outcome and child mortality are associated with a small number of well-spaced pregnancies, conceived at intermediate maternal ages, namely, 20-29. Most of the women in this study groups, married at 20-24, and majority of them i were housewives, or non-government employed. The husbands were mostly skilled or unskilled f workers, with a few from professional jobs. The relationship between infant mortality and family formation was still subject to I some distortion, because some of the births expose to the risks of mortality occured, I when risks was higher than the recent births, There is also the likelinood that certain t environmental factors strongly related to infant mortality may have distorted the relationship of mortality to family formation variables.