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1.
Acta cir. bras ; 30(6): 407-413, 06/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-749649

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Vogt´s antioxidant solution (red blood cells, Ringer's solution, sodium bicarbonate, mannitol, allopurinol and 50% glucose) or its modification including hydroxyethyl starch (HES) were tested for the prevention of splanchnic artery occlusion shock. METHODS: Seventy rats were distributed in treatment (3), control (1), and sham (3) groups. Ischemia and reperfusion were induced by celiac, superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric arteries occlusion for 40 min, followed by 60 min reperfusion or sham procedures. Controls received saline, both treatment and sham groups received the Vogt's solution, modified Vogt's solution (replacing Ringer's solution by HES), or HES. Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), ileal malondialdehyde (MDA) and plasmatic MDA were determined, and a histologic grading system was used. RESULTS: At reperfusion, MABP dropped in all I/R groups. Only HES treatment was able to restore final MABP to the levels of sham groups. Plasmatic MDA did not show differences between groups. Ileum MDA was significantly higher in the control and treatment groups as compared to the sham group. Histology ranking was higher in the only in control group. CONCLUSIONS: Hydroxyethyl starch was able to prevent hemodynamic shock but not intestinal lesions. Both treatments with Vogt's solutions did not show any improvement. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives/pharmacology , Mesenteric Arteries/drug effects , Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion/prevention & control , Plasma Substitutes/pharmacology , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Disease Models, Animal , Hemodynamics/drug effects , Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives/therapeutic use , Ileum/blood supply , Ileum/pathology , Ischemia/prevention & control , Isotonic Solutions/pharmacology , Isotonic Solutions/therapeutic use , Malondialdehyde/analysis , Mesenteric Arteries/pathology , Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion/pathology , Plasma Substitutes/therapeutic use , Rats, Wistar , Reproducibility of Results , Splanchnic Circulation/drug effects , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
2.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 48(4): 332-335, ago. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-642206

ABSTRACT

Para melhor compreender as diferenças entre zebuínos e taurinos em relação à resistência ao ETC, objetivou-se verificar se a resistência ao ETC é resultado da contribuição genética do oócito, do espermatozoide ou de ambos. Oócitos de vacas das raças Nelore e mestiças com fenótipo predominante da raça Holandesa preto e branco (mHPB) foram coletados, maturados e fertilizados com espermatozoide de touros das raças Nelore (N), Angus (An), Brahman (Bra) e Gir (Gir). Noventa e seis horas pós-inseminação (hpi), embriões > 16 células foram separados ao acaso em dois grupos: controle e ETC. Embriões do grupo controle foram cultivados a 39 ºC continuamente e do grupo ETC expostos a 41 ºC por 12 horas, retornando a seguir para 39 ºC. Não foi observado efeito do ETC nas raças estudadas, sem redução nas taxas de blastocisto e blastocisto eclodido. As taxas de clivagem e mórula dos embriões mHPB x Gir foram inferiores (p < 0,05) às das demais raças. As raças mHPB x N apresentaram taxas de blastocisto superiores as raças mHPB x An e mHPB x Gir (p < 0,05). Concluiu-se que a contribuição genética do oócito é mais importante do que a do espermatozoide, uma vez que a raça do touro não influenciou a resistência embrionária ao ETC.


To better understand the differences related to HS resistance between Bos indicus and Bos taurus, we aim to verify if the HS tolerance is due mostly to the genetic contribution from the oocyte, spermatozoa or both. Oocytes from Nelore and crossbreed Holstein cows (cHST) were collected, matured and fertilized with semen from Nelore (N), Angus (An), Brahman (Bra) and Gir (Gir) bulls. Nine six hours post insemination (hpi), > 16 cells embryos were separated in two groups: control and HS. In control group, embryos were cultured at 39 ºC, whereas in the HS group, embryos were subjected to 41 ºC for 12 h, and then returned to 39 ºC. There was no effect of HS on blastocyst and hatched blastocyst rates in all breeds analyzed. The percentage of oocytes that cleaved and reached morula stage was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in cHST x Gir as compared to the other breeds. Additionally, blastocyst rates was higher in cHST x N than in cHST x An and cHST x Gir (p < 0.05). It was concluded that the oocyte is more important than the spermatozoa for the development of thermotolerance, since the breed of the bull did not influence embryo development after HS.


Subject(s)
Cattle , Cattle/classification , Ethnic Distribution , Health of Ethnic Minorities , Heat Stress Disorders/genetics , Embryo, Mammalian
3.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 48(4): 336-343, ago. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1470985

ABSTRACT

Para melhor compreender as diferenças entre zebuínos e taurinos em relação à resistência ao ETC, objetivou-se verificar se a resistência ao ETC é resultado da contribuição genética do oócito, do espermatozoide ou de ambos. Oócitos de vacas das raças Nelore e mestiças com fenótipo predominante da raça Holandesa preto e branco (mHPB) foram coletados, maturados e fertilizados com espermatozoide de touros das raças Nelore (N), Angus (An), Brahman (Bra) e Gir (Gir). Noventa e seis horas pós-inseminação (hpi), embriões > 16 células foram separados ao acaso em dois grupos: controle e ETC. Embriões do grupo controle foram cultivados a 39 ºC continuamente e do grupo ETC expostos a 41 ºC por 12 horas, retornando a seguir para 39 ºC. Não foi observado efeito do ETC nas raças estudadas, sem redução nas taxas de blastocisto e blastocisto eclodido. As taxas de clivagem e mórula dos embriões mHPB x Gir foram inferiores (p < 0,05) às das demais raças. As raças mHPB x N apresentaram taxas de blastocisto superiores as raças mHPB x An e mHPB x Gir (p < 0,05). Concluiu-se que a contribuição genética do oócito é mais importante do que a do espermatozoide, uma vez que a raça do touro não influenciou a resistência embrionária ao ETC.


To better understand the differences related to HS resistance between Bos indicus and Bos taurus, we aim to verify if the HS tolerance is due mostly to the genetic contribution from the oocyte, spermatozoa or both. Oocytes from Nelore and crossbreed Holstein cows (cHST) were collected, matured and fertilized with semen from Nelore (N), Angus (An), Brahman (Bra) and Gir (Gir) bulls. Nine six hours post insemination (hpi), > 16 cells embryos were separated in two groups: control and HS. In control group, embryos were cultured at 39 ºC, whereas in the HS group, embryos were subjected to 41 ºC for 12 h, and then returned to 39 ºC. There was no effect of HS on blastocyst and hatched blastocyst rates in all breeds analyzed. The percentage of oocytes that cleaved and reached morula stage was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in cHST x Gir as compared to the other breeds. Additionally, blastocyst rates was higher in cHST x N than in cHST x An and cHST x Gir (p < 0.05). It was concluded that the oocyte is more important than the spermatozoa for the development of thermotolerance, since the breed of the bull did not influence embryo development after HS.


Subject(s)
Cattle , Cattle/classification , Ethnic Distribution , Health of Ethnic Minorities , Heat Stress Disorders/genetics , Embryo, Mammalian
4.
Braz. J. Psychiatry (São Paulo, 1999, Impr.) ; 30(3): 235-242, set. 2008. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-493778

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: A survey was conducted to compare gender differences in patterns of drinking in two stratified, urban and representative samples from two communities (B and RJr). METHOD: The Genacis (Gender, Alcohol, and Culture: an International Study) questionnaire was used. RESULTS: There were several significant differences in the demographics and patterns of alcohol use between these two samples. One had an older, more Catholic, educated, Caucasian population, with more women in the labor force. Data from B community showed that women and men had similar patterns of drinking. RJr had much higher use of alcohol among men, and almost 22 percent of those under 49 years old were binge drinkers. DISCUSSION: Access, smoking, income and having a heavy drinker partner were important risk factors for women's drinking. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that when women's roles become more similar to men's, so do their drinking patterns.


OBJETIVO: Realizou-se um inquérito para comparar diferenças de gênero nos padrões de consumo de álcool em duas amostras urbanas, estratificadas e representativas de duas comunidades (B e RJr). MÉTODO: O questionário Genacis (Gênero, Álcool e Cultura: Um Estudo Internacional Gender, Alcohol, and Culture: An Internacional Study) foi utilizado. RESULTADOS: Houve várias diferenças significativas em dados sociodemográficos e de padrões de uso de álcool entre essas duas amostras. Uma delas tinha população mais velha, educada, católica, branca e mais mulheres na força de trabalho. Dados da comunidade B mostraram que mulheres e homens tiveram padrões similares de consumo de álcool. RJr teve uso de álcool mais alto entre homens e 22 por cento dos homens abaixo de 49 anos de idade tinham padrão de uso do tipo binge. DISCUSSÃO: O acesso, tabagismo, renda e ter um parceiro com consumo pesado de álcool foram fatores de risco importantes para o consumo das mulheres. CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo mostra que quando os papéis das mulheres se tornam similares aos dos homens, modificam seu padrão de consumo de álcool.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Alcoholism/epidemiology , Social Behavior , Alcohol Drinking/psychology , Alcoholism/psychology , Brazil/epidemiology , Cultural Characteristics , Logistic Models , Marital Status , Odds Ratio , Sex Factors , Smoking/epidemiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Urban Population
5.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 41(2): 98-105, mar.-abr. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-405064

ABSTRACT

Com o objetivo de avaliar a função reprodutiva de 4 cães machos, adultos, a citologia aspirativa com agulha fina (FNAC) e as concentrações de testosterona sérica foram usadas em associação a determinação do volume testicular e análise do sêmen. FNAC foi realizada em ambos os testículos e as concentrações de testosterona foram determinadas durante 24 horas, em intervalos regulares. Os resultados da análise do semen se encontraram dentro do padrão para a espécie nos cães 1 e 3. O cão 2 apresentou testículos pequenos, baixa qualidade seminal, alta porcentagem de células de Sertoli e espermátides iniciais sugerindo uma degeneração testicular. No cão 4 observou-se uma degeneração testicular do lado direito conseqüência de um processo obstrutivo mostrada pela diminuição do testículo, baixa qualidade do sêmen evidenciada pela baixa concentração espermática e incontável número de espermatozóides na FNAC; uma diminuição do trânsito espermático foi observada no testículo esquerdo, com espessamento do epidídimo, alta porcentagem de gotas distais na análise seminal, porém resultados normais na FNAC. O ritmo circadiano da testosteronafoi claro nos cães 3 e 4, entretanto as concentrações encontraram-se próximas ao limite inferior. O volume testicular, a análise do sêmen e a FNAC testicular podem fornecer informações valiosas sobre a espermatogênese. Entretanto, as concentrações séricas de testosterona não são claramente correlacionadas as características reprodutivas nesses cães.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Dogs , Dogs/anatomy & histology , Fertility , Semen/cytology , Testosterone , Testis/cytology
6.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 6(1): 8-14, Feb. 2002.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-332316

ABSTRACT

Compliance to antiretroviral medication is a problem for AIDS patients. Compliance can be influenced by the characteristics of the therapeutic program, by the health guidance professionals, by the patient, and by society in general. A group of 139 Brazilian AIDS patients from the Infectious-Parasitic Diseases day clinic at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul were interviewed from September 27, 1999 to January 21, 2000. We identified and evaluated the frequency of noncompliance to antiretroviral medication, as well as the associated motives. Those who ingested 80, or more, of prescribed dosages during the week previous to the interview were considered compliant. Among the patients interviewed, 70 mentioned loss or misplacement of medicine, and 63 were considered compliant. Average compliance was 75.8, with no difference between the sexes. The reasons given for non-compliance were: absent-mindedness or forgetfulness (67.7), lack of medicine (41.9), side effects (21.5), complexity of prescribed regimens (12.9), fatigue (9.7), and voluntary interruption (7.5). The non-compliance observed among these patients indicates that health service personnel should promote activities to recuperate these therapeutic programs, employing methodologies appropriate to the characteristics of this population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Anti-HIV Agents , Patient Compliance , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Brazil , Education , Hospitals, University , Interviews as Topic , Patients , Sex Factors , Treatment Refusal
7.
Rev. psiquiatr. clín. (São Paulo) ; 29(4): 181-189, 2002. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-323224

ABSTRACT

Objetivo deste estudo e traduzir para o portugues e validar (criterio) para a populacao brasileira o questionario desenvolvido por Myra Hunter para avaliacao dos sintomas fisicos e mentais vivenciados por mulheres durante o climaterio - Questionario da Saude da Mulher (Womenïs Health Questionaire). A amostra foi composta de...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Self-Assessment , Menopause , Surveys and Questionnaires , Anxiety , Quality of Life , Sensitivity and Specificity , Depression/diagnosis , Evaluation Study
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