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Background: Non-communicable diseases are now the major cause of death in India, with cardiovascular diseases being the dominant cause. Very few studies had been done regarding patients perception of risk factors, behaviour change and counselling. So this study is based on patient perspective and role of health education for patients. The objective of the study was to identify the risk factors of CHD, to assess behaviour changes whether lifestyle and habits modified by patients of CHD, to assess perception, to assess effectiveness of counselling.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 174 patients attending follow up Out Patient Department in Tertiary Care Hospital, Bhavnagar using questionnaire which includes personal data, BMI, history of risk factors, behaviour change and medical counselling. Data was analyzed by epi info and appropriate statistical tests were applied.Results: Total 73 patients were addicted to tobacco; smoking or alcohol. Mean duration of addiction was 22.43 years. Counselling was given by doctors at the time of illness to 94% patients. Counselling regarding disease, risk factors, lifestyle modification has got positive effect in 96% patients and only 4% patients were in need of further future counselling.Conclusions: More and more emphasis should be given to preventive aspect and population should be given counselling before actual illness.
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The present study focused on the levels of knowledge about development among mothers. This is the first population-based study to examine maternal knowledge of child development in urban environments in a Gujarat. This research supports other studies conducted on mothers on the finding that majority have inadequate knowledge about child development. Objectives: This study was carried out with the objective to find out the levels of knowledge of mothers regarding identification of developmental milestones of child and factors contributing to it. Method: It was a cross-sectional study conducted amongst 195 mothers by interviewing, with objective to measure knowledge score regarding developmental milestones of child by mothers from an urban health training centre area affiliated to community medicine department, Govt. medical college, Bhavnagar. Results: Out of 195 mothers, maximum 148 (75.9%) mothers had average score of knowledge followed by 26(13.3%) had good and 21(10.8%) had poor score. The independent t-test between knowledge score of mothers did have a significant difference with respect to religion, caste, education, status of mother employment and mother native place. Pearson's correlation coefficient “r” between knowledge score of mothers and age, number of family members, per capita income, years of education were significantly different from 0. Conclusion: We conclude that the most of mothers had average knowledge about developmental milestones. Further, it was observed that knowledge regarding motor development was higher than cognitive milestone. Age of mother, religion, caste, level of education, employment status, socio-economical status and native place of mother were associated with good knowledge score of mothers regarding child development.
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Abstracts: Background: Cost studies are paramount for demonstrating how resources have been spent and identifying opportunities for more efficient use of resources. The aim of this study was to determine the unit cost of maternal and child health (MCH) programme provided at Primary Health Centers (PHCs) and to examine the variation in unit cost in different PHCs. Methodology: The present study was carried out in three PHCs of Ahmedabad district namely Sanathal, Nandej, and Uperdal, between 1 April, 2006 and 31 March, 2007. For estimating the cost of a health program, information on all the physical and human resources that were basic inputs to the PHC services were collected and grouped into two categories, non-recurrent (capital resources vehicles, buildings, etc.) and recurrent resources (salaries, drugs, vaccines, contraceptives, maintenance, etc.). To generate the required data, two types of schedules were developed, daily time schedule and PHC/SC (Subcenter) information schedule. Results: Unit cost for each contact of MCH beneficiaries was Rs. 54.87 at Sanathal PHC, Rs. 87.63 at Nandej PHC and Rs. 70.01 at Uperdal PHC. Conclusion: Even though maternal and child health services are free, utilization of these services at the health centres were low, particularly for delivery, leading to high unit costs.
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Background & Objectives: India, with 1.22 billion populations, is the second most populous country in the world. India contributes 17.31% population in the world. Demographers expect India's population to surpass the population of China by 2030. Recent data of NFHS III revealed that 13% of married women have unmet need for family planning in India so this study was planned to estimate the prevalence of unmet need for Family Planning among married women of reproductive age residing at UHTC area Government Medical College Bhavnagar and to find out the determinants of unmet need for Family Planning in the study population. Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study conducted in UHTC catchment area of Government Medical College; Bhavnagar from August 2011 to October 2011. The calculated sample size was 140 (P=9.76, L=5%). A total 150 married women of reproductive age group (15-49 years) were interviewed for the same with their informed consent. The data were entered and analysed in software epi.info.3.5.1. Results: The prevalence of unmet need for Family Planning in UHTC catchment area was found to 18.7%. The unmet need was higher for temporary methods of Family Planning (10.0%), in the women age group of 20-29 years (71.5%), Illiterate (42.8%), Muslim women(42.8%), poor knowledge of contraception(82.1%), no advice on Family Planning (57.1%) and no male participation (75.0%). These entire variable were found to be associated with high unmet need for Family Planning (P<0.05). Interpretation & Conclusion: The present study concluded that the percentage of unmet need years, low education and also in Muslim religious women. To decrease unmet need family planning measures should be specifically directed toward this group of women. Health education and strategic behaviour change communication for appropriate target audience is requiring cope up unmet need.
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Background & Objectives: Hypertension is one of the most important modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease. This study was done to study the role of hypertension in occurrence of coronary artery disease. Methods: Present study was a hospital based paired matched case-control study, carried out at civil hospital, Ahmedabad. 135 newly diagnosed cases of coronary artery disease and 135 controls were studied after taking informed written consent. Data was analysed by using Epi-info version 3.5.1 computer package, Chi -square test, Z test and Odds ratio were calculated. Results: Among the total 135 cases 70.4% were male and 29.6% were female, most of the cases (40%) were belongs to the age group of 51-60 years. Positive family history of hypertension and Coronary Artery Disease were significantly associated with the occurrence of Coronary Artery Disease. Significant association was observed between hypertension and occurrence of Coronary Artery Disease (P<0.001) Conclusion: Hypertension is important etiological factors behind the occurrences of Coronary Artery Disease, but it is modifiable that highlight the need of appropriate control strategies and measures to avert significant proportion of premature morbidity & mortality due to Coronary Artery Disease. .