ABSTRACT
Resumo Este estudo teve por objetivo comparar os efeitos do exercício agudo com carga de trabalho relativa em gastrocnêmio de ratos Wistar com três e 18 meses. Os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos (n = 6): controle de três e 18 meses; exercício de três e 18 meses. Os grupos exercitados foram submetidos a uma única sessão de corrida na esteira com 60 minutos em velocidade de 0,8 km/h e 1,2 km/h. Foram analisados parâmetros do metabolismo (níveis de lactato, conteúdo de glicogênio, níveis de succinato desidrogenase, citocromo c oxidase e de estresse oxidativo (SOD, CAT e GPX). Os resultados mostraram um aumento nos marcadores metabólicos após o exercício agudo independentemente da idade dos animais e similaridade nos danos oxidativos apesar de as enzimas antioxidantes apresentarem modulação diferenciada nos animais mais velhos em comparação com animais jovens.
Abstract The effects of exercise on the generation of reactive oxygen species and the response to muscle oxidative stress determines longevity. This study compares the effects of acute exercise with similar relative workload in rats with 3 and 18 months. The animals were divided into four groups (n = 6): control 3-months; exercise 3-months; control 18-months and exercise 18-months. Exercised groups underwent to a single bout of running with 60 minutes in the speed 0.8 km/h (18 months) and 1.2 km/h (3 months). Metabolic parameters (lactate levels, glycogen content, succinate dehydrogenase levels, cytochrome c oxidase) and oxidative stress (activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase). The results showed an increase in metabolic markers after acute exercise regardless of the age and similarity in oxidative damage even if the antioxidant enzymes are age-dependent. These results suggest that the effects of acute exercise at moderate intensity, affects the metabolism independent of age, and, that the differential response in enzymatic antioxidant system between groups do not promote protection against oxidative damage.
Este estudio ha tenido como objetivo comparar los efectos del ejercicio agudo con carga de trabajo relativamente similar en el gastrocnemio de ratas Wistar con 3 y 8 meses. Se separó a los animales en cuatro grupos (n = 6): control de 3 y 18 meses, y ejercicio de 3 y 18 meses. Se sometió a los grupos de ejercicio a una sola sesión de carrera en la cinta durante 60 minutos con una velocidad de 0,8 km/h y 1,2 km/h. Se analizaron algunos parámetros del metabolismo (niveles de lactato, contenido de glucógeno, niveles de succionato-deshidrogenasa, citocromo c-oxidasa e de estrés oxidativo [superóxido-dismutasa, catalasa y glutatión-peroxidasa]). Los resultados mostraron un aumento de los marcadores metabólicos después del ejercicio agudo independientemente de la edad de los animales y la similitud de los daños oxidativos aunque las enzimas antioxidantes presentan modulación diferenciada en animales viejos en comparación con animales jóvenes.
ABSTRACT
The present study investigated the effect of different frequencies (three and five times a week) on electron transport chain and oxidative stress after 8 weeks of run training. Methods: Eighteen male mice (CF1, 30-35g) were distributed into the following groups (n=6): untrained (UT); trained three-time per week (T3) and trained five- time per week (T5). All training sessions were at the same intensity and duration (45min/day) in a treadmill for small animals. Forty-eight hours after the last training session, the animals were killed by decapitation and quadriceps (red portion) was removed and stored at -70ºC. Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), complexes I, II, II-III, IV and hydroperoxides were measured. Results: Training sessions for five times per week were more effective in increasing the mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme activities (SDH, complexes I, II, II-III, IV) as well as in decreasing the formation hydroperoxides than sessions performed for three times training per week (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our findings clearly showed that a higher the frequency of training session promotes a greater activity of the electron transport chain and consequently reduces the oxidative stress in healthy animals.(AU)