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1.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 149(8): 1157-1163, ago. 2021. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389579

ABSTRACT

Background: Cervicocranial arterial dissection (CIAD) is an important cause of stroke. Aim: To describe the clinical and imaging characteristics of patients with CIAD. Material and Methods: An anonymous registry was made including all patients admitted to a private hospital with a diagnosis of CIAD. Patients were subdivided as having an anterior or posterior circulation dissection (ACD or PCD, respectively). Results: Fifty-seven patients aged 40 ± 8 years (60% women) were included in the study, 39 with PCD and 18 with ACD. Cervical pain was the most common symptom. CIAD was diagnosed with no clinical or imaging signs of stroke in 49% of patients. Fifty one percent of patients had focal neurological deficits and 72% had a NIH stroke score below five. No significant differences between patients with ACD or PCD were found. Fifty patients received antiplatelet therapy (simple or dual), seven patients were anticoagulated and 13 were subjected to stenting due to progression of stenosis with hemodynamic involvement or bilateral dissection with scarce collaterals. The lesion was located in V3 segment in 27 patients and cervical segment of the internal carotid in 16 cases. A favorable Modified Rankin Scale (0-2) was achieved in 85.9%, with a trend towards achieving better functional prognosis in PCD. Conclusions: Due to the greater availability of non-invasive imaging methods, 50% of these patients with CIAD did not have a stroke. Thus, an earlier and more timely management is feasible.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Stroke/etiology , Aortic Dissection/complications , Aortic Dissection/therapy , Prognosis , Stents
3.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 41(1): 11-18, ene.-mar. 2003. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-383450

ABSTRACT

Presentamos un caso de CADASIL (acrónimo inglés de arteriopatía cerebral autosómica dominante con infartos subcorticales y leucoencefalopatía), que corresponde al primero de una serie de 4 casos diagnosticados en nuestro servicio desde 1998, con correlato clínico, imageno-lógico y de ultrapatología muscular (microscopia electrónica). Se trata de una paciente mujer con historia de dos crisis isquémicas cerebrales transitorias a los 29 años, sin factores de riesgo tradicionales para patología cerebrovascular, que luego de 7 años desarrolló síntomas de tipo depresivos, asociados a un cuadro de retraimiento sicomotor y parkinsonismo de carácter progresivo y sin respuesta a terapia farmacológica convencional. En su estudio, la resonancia nuclear magnética de cerebro mostró extensas alteraciones en sustancia blanca a nivel fronto-occipital, bilaterales, hiperintensas en T2 e hipointensas en T1, cuya señal no se reforzó con gadolinio, sin efecto de masa, asociadas a leucoaraiosis, compatibles con el diagnóstico de CADASIL. El estudio de una biopsia muscular mediante microscopia electrónica, confirmó una arteriopatia con depósito de material granular osmiofílico en los vasos sanguíneos, tipo CADASIL. No encontramos antecedentes de cuadros demenciales ni cerebrovasculares sintomáticos en otros parientes de la paciente, madre, padre, tíos, abuelos, por lo que es probable que se trate de un cuadro esporádico. No realizamos estudio genético ni biopsico de los parientes asintomáticos. Las características de la paciente ilustran cuando sospechar el diagnóstico de CADASIL, aún frente a un caso aparentemente esporádico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Dementia, Multi-Infarct/diagnosis , Dementia, Vascular
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