ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigated the protective potential of ethanol extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis (S. baicalensis) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury. Methods: Dried roots of S. baicalensis were extracted with ethanol and concentrated to yield a dry residue. Mice were administered 200 mg/kg of the ethanol extracts orally once daily for one week. Animals were subsequently administered a single dose of LPS (5 mg/kg of body weight, intraperitoneal injection). Both protein and mRNA levels of cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 in liver tissues were evaluated by ELISA assay and quantitative PCR. Cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and nuclear factor-kB protein levels in liver tissues were analyzed by western blotting. Results: Liver injury induced by LPS significantly increased necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and nuclear factor-κB in liver tissues. Treatment with ethanol extracts of S. baicalensis prevented all of these observed changes associated with LPS-induced injury in liver mice. Conclusions: Our study showed that S. baicalensis is potentially protective against LPSinduced liver injury in mice.
ABSTRACT
Background: Worldwide, the beer industry has developed from 2% to 8% per year during 1990 and 2000 and the number of production surpassed 140 billion liters per year in 2001. Beer is not widely recommended for the population but the fact is consumption is on the increase. Objective: To evaluate the real situation of food safety conditions and hygiene safety requirements for beer at beer production enterprises in Hanoi and study various related factors to propose appropriate solutions to improving the food safety hygiene. Subject and methods: A cross-sectional, analysis investigation was conducted in 70 private beer-production enterprises in Hanoi in 2007. Results and Conclusion: The general rate with good food hygiene safety condition was 68.6%. Among them, the good environmental hygiene condition was 82.9%; good drainage condition was 75.7%; the work area hygiene condition meeting requirements was about 74.3% (with wall and floor hygiene regulation at 57.1%); food hygiene condition meet requirement about 95.7%; good work instrument hygiene condition was 72.9% and the lowest rate of work instrument hygiene regulation was 68.8%; good personal hygiene was 80%. The bad personal hygiene and environmental hygiene condition increased the risk of food hygiene quality that did not meet the requirement by ten-folds and thirteen-folds, respectively. The bad personal hygiene condition increased the risk of tool hygiene that did not meet the requirement by 5.5 folds.
Subject(s)
Food SafetyABSTRACT
Background: Beer is produced to meet people\u2019s demands. Sanitation, old technology, poor knowledge on hygiene and safety of workers is still limited. Objectives: This study aims to learn the real situation and solution to improve the practical knowledge on food hygiene and the safety of workers at beer-producing enterprises in Ha Noi. Subjects and method: The descriptive, cross-sectional study on wokers at beer-producing enterprises in Ha Noi.The data were collected from designed questionaires and analysed by Epi.infor 6.04 software. Results: The general knowledge rate on hygiene food safety of workers is 42.5%; In there, the knowledge rate on environmental hygiene of workers is 45.6%; the knowledge rate on work instrument hygiene of workers is 46.4%; the knowledge rate on personal hygiene of workers is 37.7%; the knowledge rate on food hygiene of workers is 50.9%; the knowledge rate on food poisoning of workers is 76.3%; Conclusion: There is a relationship between the practical knowledge on hygiene food safety, age and work duration.
ABSTRACT
Background: hepatitis due to virus B is now one of the leading concerns in the community health care throughout the world. Vietnam was a country located in high risk areas for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection with rate of HBV infection in the community ranged from 11.3 to 25.5%, the rate of HBsAg positive in pregnant women from 12-16%. Objectives: to evaluate knowledge and practice on HBV prevention among pregnant women in Hanoi in 2005-2006 period; to study on some related factors of HBsAg positive rate. Subjectives and Method: a cross sectional study (with analysis on knowledge and practice about HBV prevention) was carried out on 1.300 pregnant women above 28 gestational weeks at Hanoi Obstetrics/Gynecology Hospital in 2005. Results: the rates of women with knowledge about HBV prevention were 38.5% at good level, 24.4% at acceptable level, and 37.7% at unacceptable level. The rates of practice on HBV prevention were 58.5% at satisfied level and 41.5% at notsatified level. Knowledge was likely related to practice, age, educational level, and HBV positive rate. Practice on HBV prevention was also related to HBV infection. Conclusions: the rates of women with knowledge about HBV prevention at good level were relatively high. The rates of practice on HBV prevention at satisfied level were relatively low. Related factors of HBsAg positive rate: knowledge and practice about HBV prevention.
Subject(s)
Hepatitis B , Hepatitis B Surface Antigens , Attitude , Pregnant WomenABSTRACT
Background: Abnormal chromosome may be abnormal in number or structure of chromosomes related to normal chromosomes or sex chromosomes. One sign of abnormal chromosomes that we can observe during pregnancy is the abnormal ultrasound images. Objectives: To discover the relations between the chromosomal abnormalities and some fetal abnormalities determined by ultrasound. Subjects and method: A prospective descriptive study combined with a retrospective study on 250 pregnant women with fetal abnormalities from Aug 2006 to Aug 2008. Results: Among 250 pregnant women with fetal abnormalities determined by ultrasound taken amniocentesis, rate of late amniocentesis (over 20 weeks) was the highest (50.8%), while rate of ideal amniocentesis (16-20 weeks) only accounted for 29.6%. Abnormal chromosomal rate of multiple abnormalities of fetus statistically significant were higher than that of mono abnormal of fetus (46.8% vs. 18.5%/ p<0.0l). Conclusion: Abnormal phenotype determined by ultrasound; rate of chromosomal disorder was 27.2%.
ABSTRACT
A study was done on 111 patients with ectopic pregnancy in the Institute of Mother and Infant Protection and Care and 111 pregnant women in the same locality. Results have shown that the history of menstrual modulation aspiration related closely with the ectopic pregnancy, especially the menstrual modulation aspiration only before the round of this pregnancy. The women with 2 or more than rounds of menstrual modulation increased the risk of ectopic pregnancy. Other factors comprised induced abortion, vulvitis and having many sexual partners
Subject(s)
Pregnancy, Ectopic , Aspirations, PsychologicalABSTRACT
Menstrual regulating aspiration is a procedure to induce menstruation when the women have menstrual delay of suspected pregnancy. It is indicated when the menstruation has delayed less than 14 days. In the other hand, the incidence of ectopic pregnancy has increased by 2-3 times during past decade. In comparison of history of menstrual regulating aspiration and ectopic pregnancy between married childbearing women, ectopic pregnancy-operated women and the women with intrauterine pregnancy, including 10,177 deliveries, 5240 induced abortions, 6749 menstrual regulating aspirations and 359 ectopic pregnancies, it is found that there was strong relationship between menstrual regulating aspirations and ectopic pregnancy with odd ratio of 2-4 times. However, this finding should be confirmed. Other risk factors for ectopic pregnancy are history of induced abortion and IUD insertion. Menstrual aspiration should be indicated for pregnancy that was diagnosed by HCG test and ultrasound to reduce the number of menstrual regulating aspirations
Subject(s)
Pregnancy, Ectopic , Aspirations, PsychologicalABSTRACT
A comparison of aspiration for menstrual modulation and risks of ectopic pregnancy, number of operated ectopic pregnancy and pregnant women in 10-117 cases of delivery, 5240 cases of induced abortion and 6749 cases of aspiration for menstrual modulation and 359 cases of etopic pregnancy for the past decade has shown that the aspiration for menstrual modulation related closely with ectopic pregnancy. The other risks comprised history of induced abortion and contraceptive device implantation. It should implement the diagnosis of HCG and ultrasound before indication of Aspiration for menstrual modulation.
Subject(s)
Pregnancy, Ectopic , Aspirations, PsychologicalABSTRACT
The efficacy of pre-operative single dose antimicrobial prophylaxis in preventing infection after gynecological surgery has been demonstrated. In this study 200 patients were randomly enrolled in two groups. Each of the 1st group (n=100) was received 2 g of ampicillin and 160 mg of gentamycin per day, during 7 days of postoperation. Each of the other (n=100) was received 1.5g of cefuroxime (Zinacef) single-dose 15-30 minutes before operation. The two treatments were compared. There was no difference between two groups about the number of white blood cell, the fever and the hospitalization stay. No infectious complication was noted. But in the group receiving Zinacef, the patient felt less painful and the hospitalization stay might be reduced