Periodontitis as a Risk Factor for Preterm Low Birth Weight

PURPOSE: There is growing evidence showing that a number of complex human diseases are caused or are at least influenced by periodontal diseases. Such diseases include cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis. The aim of study was to evaluate periodontal diseases as a risk factor for a preterm low birth weight. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 48 mothers, 20 of who had a preterm low birth weight delivery, were examined in the Clinics of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cumhuriyet University. The periodontal exams consisted of a full mouth pocket depth, a Loe and Sillness Gingival index score measurements, and a panoramic radiograph analysis. Information on any other factors that may cause a preterm low birth weight was obtained from the family physician. RESULTS: The study results indicated that periodontitis (OR: 3.6 95% CI: 1.06-12.18) together with bacterial vaginosis (OR: 11.57 95% CI: 1.26-105.7) were independent risk factors of a preterm low birth weight. According to the data obtained from this study, the paternal age, tobacco use and the mothers' height were not significant risk factors for a preterm low birth weight. CONCLUSION: Within the limits of this study, it is concluded that a poor periodontal health status of the mother may be a potential risk factor for a preterm low birth weight.

Phenytoin-Induced Gingival Overgrowth in Un-Cooperated Epilepsy Patients

Phenytoin-induced gingival overgrowth is a well-known and frequently reported gingival lesion, which was first detected in 1939. However, there are conflicts in the literature about the agents which affect the severity of the lesion. Un-cooperative dental patients are one of the most unsuccessfully treated periodontal patient groups because of the difficulty in maintaining their oral hygiene. This case report consists of two cases with the same characteristics: phenytoin usage, comprehension and speech defects and poor oral hygiene, but each case differs in the duration of the phenytoin therapy. Both of the cases received scaling, root planning and a gingivectomy.

Periodontal Status of Chronic Renal Failure Patients Receiving Hemodialysis

Host factors such as systemic diseases, genetic polymorphism or drug usage play a major role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease by modifying the host response to periodontal infection or altering the susceptibility to infection by periodontal organisms. This study was designed to evaluate the clinical response of patients receiving hemodialysis to existing microbial dental plaque. Gingival Index (GI) and Plaque Index (PI) scores and probing depths (PD) were recorded for the entire dentition on 36 chronic renal failure patients receiving hemodialysis (H) and 36 systemically healthy individuals (C), matched with the patient group, based on age and extent of plaque accumulation. No statistically significant difference was observed in the clinical parameters between the two groups (PI: t=1.69 p= 0.096; GI: t=1.057 p=0.294; PD: t=0.01 p=0.99). In the present study, H patients revealed a similar response to existing bacterial plaque and their periodontal status was comparable to that of the control group. Although patients receiving hemodialysis have been suggested to present a certain degree of immunosuppression, based on the findings of the present study chronic renal failure does not seem to be an additional risk factor for more severe periodontal destruction.