ABSTRACT
Antecedentes: Existen pocos estudios clínicos que muestren la relación entre la migración de poblaciones y el aumento en enfermedades cardiovasculares. Objetivo: Comparar factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FRCV) entre colonias chinas (CHI) e indias (IND) residentes en Chile. Metodología: Estudio analítico-descriptivo, transversal. Se analizó a la colonia china (n=43) e india (n=41), incluyendo a los residentes en Chile por más de dos años. Se rnidió: peso, talla, perímetro de cintura (PC), indice de masa corporal (IMC), presión arterial, sedentarismo, hábitos alimentarios, trastornos depresivo y ansiosos, y adicción a! tabaco, además de examen psiquiátrico según DMS-IV Se midieron niveles plasmáticos de triglicéridos, colesterol, hormonas tiroideas, glicemia en ayunas y post-prandial, insulinemia basal y post -sobre carga de glucosa. Análisis Estadístico: T de student, Chi cuadrado. Resultados: Encontramos un peso promedio de 71 +/- 10 en IND v/s 66 +/- 14 kg en CHI, PC 89 +/- 11 v/s 79 +/- 12 cm, IMC 27 +/- 4 v/s 24 4, colesterol total 201 +/- 41 v/s 180 +/-35 mg/dl, colesterol HDL 43 +/- 11 v/s48 +/- 13 mg/dl, Colesterol LDL 125 +/- 33 v/s 107 29 mg/dl, TSH 7.3 +/- 6 v/s 1.8 +/- 1.2 uUl +/-ml, Insulinemia post-prandial 93 +/- 89 v/s 39 +/- 34 Ul/mI, respectivame+/-nte, además de sedentarismo 11 en IND v/s 2 en CHI, hábitos alimentarios sanos 26 v/s 39, beber problema 20 v/s 34, adicción al tabaco 8 v/s 17, Síndrome Metabólico 14 v/s 6, siendo todas estas diferencias significativas. En ambos grupos no se encontraron trastornos depresivos ni ansiosos. Conclusiones: Encontramos un serio impacto del fenómeno migratorio en FRCV de IND, lo que impulse a fomentar cambios en estilos de vida de esa población. Es notable la ausencia de patologías depresivas y ansiosas en ambos grupos.
Background: few clinical studies show a relation between migration and an increase prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. Aim: to study the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, including the metabolic syndrome, in Indian and Chinese natives flying in Chile for more than 2 years. Methods: Subjects from either Indian or Chinese origin living in Chile for more than 2 years were evaluated for the presence of cardiovascular risk factors. Wight. height, girth index, body mass index, blood pressure. degree of sedentarism, type of foods and pattern of eating and smoking habits were determined. Plasma lipid, thyroid hormone, fasting and post glucose load (75g) sugar and insulin levels were determined. DSM IV was used to evaluate subjects for the presence of depression or anxiety. Students t test and chi square tests at and alpha level of 5 percent were used to determine statistical significance, as appropriate. Results: Significant differences between the Indian and Chinese groups were, respectively: weight (71.4 vs 66.5, p<0.04); girth index (89.1 vs 79.2, p<0.002); BMI (26.9 vs 23.9 p<0.002); total cholesterol (201.6 vs 180.1 (p<0.05); HOL cholesterol (43.4 vs 47.9, p<0.04); LOL cholesterol (125 vs 107, p<0.004); TSH (7.3 vs 1.8, p<0.036), post glucose load insulin level (93.1 vs 39.1, p<0.002). A comparison of the Indian vs the Chinese group also showed relevant differences in presence of sedentarism (11 percent vs 2 percent, p<0.02); healthy eating habits (26 vs 39 percent, p<0.02); excessive alcohol consumption (20 vs 34 percent, p<0.03); tobacco addiction (8 vs 17 percent, p<0. 046) and presence of metabolic syndrome (14 vs 6 percent, p<0. 029). Psycho social problems like presence of depression or anxiety disorders were not detected in any group. Conclusion: The original Indian subjects had a high prevalence of several cardiovascular risk factors, making necessary the promotion of healthy life styles in that population.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/ethnology , Asian People , Cross-Sectional Studies , Chile/epidemiology , China/ethnology , India/ethnology , Life Style , Emigration and Immigration , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Background: Major depression, a frequent psychiatric disease, is associated with ischemic heart disease. It is usually subdiagnosed and subtreated. Aim: To study the prevalence of major depression among survivors of an acute myocardial infarction. Patients and methods: Retrospective study of 42 survivors of an acute myocardial infarction treated at a regional Chilean Hospital. The presence of major depression in the 6 months previous to the acute myocardial infarction, was investigated using the diagnostic instruments CIDI (Composite International Diagnostic Interview) and DIS (Diagnostic Interview Schedule), psychiatric diagnoses were based on DSMIII-R. The prevalence of depression was compared with that observed in a group of 156 healthy subjects participating in a psychiatric epidemiological study. Results: Major depression was diagnosed in 12 male subjects with an acute myocardial infarction. The prevalence in the control group was significantly lower (15 percent, p <0.049). Patients with depression were older and required longer hospital stay than patients without depression. Conclusions: Patients with acute myocardial infarction, had a significantly greater prevalence of major depression in the previous 6 months, than the general population. Thus, major depression could be an independent and modifiable coronary risk factor
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Myocardial Infarction , Depressive Disorder, Major/complications , Risk Factors , Coronary Disease , Depressive Disorder, Major/epidemiology , Age Distribution , Sex DistributionABSTRACT
Se analizan en forma retrospectiva los resultados de los informes de citología cervical de 2.018 pacientes, de los cuales 1.009 casos de una consulta privada, del Sector Oriente de Santiago y 1.009 casos concurrentes al Consultorio Externo de Ginecología del Hospital San Juan de Dios. Se abordaron las siguientes variables; resultado de citología cervical (maligna o inflamatoria), edad, paridad, uso de métodos anticonceptivos (dispositivos intrauterinos o anticonceptivos hormonales). Se encontró una clara diferencia entre ambos grupos, teniendo el grupo socioeconómico alto una mayor incidencia de citología maligna 1,7% (17 casos) frente a un 0,1% registrado en la clientela hospitalaria (1 caso). En relación a estos 17 casos, se evidenció una alta proporción de estados incipientes (NIE I:82,4%); su promedio de edad fue de 34 años y a menor paridad hubo menor incidencia de citologías malignas. Se comprobó que el 71% de estas pacientes utilizaba métodos anticonceptivos pero no se encontró diferencia entre las usuarias de DIU y de anticonceptivos hormonales. La citología inflamatoria predominó en el grupo hospitalario 62,8% (n=635) frente a un 10,4% (n=109) en los casos de consulta privada