Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Canine Parvoviral Enteritis in Dogs

A prospective study was conducted to identify the risk factors associated with the incidence of Canine Parvoviral Enteritis (CPE) in dogs. Total of 120 animals screened using PCR assay, 72.50 percentage of animal were found positive for Canine Parvo Virus (CPV). Incidence in history of unvaccinated and vaccinated dogs was 79.69 and 64.29 per cent respectively. Age-wise predisposition of CPE indicated that the highest incidence was observed in both less than 3 months (78.08 %) and 3 to 6 months of age group (77.42 %) followed by 6 to 12 months of age group (34.50 %). Incidence of CPE in scheduled and unscheduled vaccination was 30.00 and 83.33 per cent respectively. In this study, unvaccinated status, unscheduled vaccination and young age groups are found to be significant risk factors associated with the occurrence of CPE

Red Cell Storage: Changes And Concern With Blood Transfusion

OBJECTIVES -To study the changes associated with red cell storage and risk associated with blood transfusion. MATERIALAND METHODS -Atotal of 31 whole blood units with CPDA-1 as a preservative were studied for markers of storage lesion along with red cell indices on day 0, day 7, day 14 and day 28 of storage. RESULT- Changes in the levels of total protein, sodium and potassium were statistically significant. There was a gradual reduction in glucose, albumin, and calcium concentration. The overall average daily potassium change of 0.41 mmol/l and sodium change of 0.33 mmol/l over the 28 days period was noticed. CONCLUSION - During storage red cell undergoes several changes affecting survival and function. Clinical effect occurring due to storage lesion in transfused patient needs more studies to be undertaken to see the in vitro effect of red cell storage changes.

Testicular Feminization Syndrome: A Case Study

We report a rare case of testicular feminization syndrome in a 24 years old patient. This is a syndrome due to androgen insensitivity. The patient is phenotypically female with male Karyotype (46XY). The patient is completely feminine with well-developed breasts, female external genitalia, blind vagina, absent mullerian structures, undescended testes and sparse axillary and pubic hair. The gonad (undescended testes) may be intra-abdominal, inguinal or labial. The patient was surgically treated with bilateral orchidectomy and vaginal reconstruction. The incidence of testicular feminization syndrome is reported to range from 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 62,400.

Extensive mongolian spots with autosomal dominant inheritance

Mongolian spots are benign skin markings at birth which fade and disappear as the child grows. Often persistent extensive Mongolian spots are associated with inborn error of metabolism. We report thirteen people of the single family manifested with extensive Mongolian spots showing autosomal dominant inheritance. A one day old female child, product of second degree consanguineous marriage, born by normal vaginal delivery with history of meconium stained amniotic fluid and birth asphyxia. On examination the child showed extensive bluish discoloration of the body involving trunk and extremities in both anterior and posterior aspects associated with bluish discoloration of the tongue. A detailed family history revealed most of the family members manifested with extensive bluish discoloration of the body soon after birth which faded in the first few years of life and completely disappeared by puberty. Thus it was diagnosed to be extensive Mongolian spots with an autosomal dominant inheritance. Knowledge about the natural history of extensive Mongolian spots, their inheritance and association with certain metabolic diseases mainly IEM and Mucopolysaccharidosis aids in the diagnosis and in order to improve the patient's prognosis