ABSTRACT
Background: The Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III (ACE-III) is widely used for evaluation of dementia. Aim: To assess the psychometric properties of ACE-III, analyzing its factor structure, its reliability (from an Item Response Theory [TRI] model) and its diagnostic usefulness. Material and Methods: We studied 1101 older people without cognitive impairment and 63 currently having a diagnosis and receiving treatment for dementia. Results: The presence of two factors for the Attention subscale (Orientation and Attention, separately) was suggested. The factorial analysis showed adequate adjustment in all the subscales, except for the new Attention subscale. In the TRI analysis, the Attention subscale presented a greater number of items with lack of fit compared to the other subscales. Using a proposed threshold of 66 points or less to identify cognitive impairment related to dementia, a sensitivity of 0.97 and specificity of 0.81 was obtained. Conclusions: ACE-III is a valid, reliable, and useful measure for the clinical detection of dementia. The combined use of Orientation and Memory subscales is proposed as an alternative and time-saving ACE-III indicator.
ABSTRACT
Resumen En Latinoamérica se han realizado estudios dirigidos a evaluar la insatisfacción corporal y los comportamientos alimentarios anómalos (CAA), sin embargo se han enfocado principalmente en adolescentes o estudiantes universitarios. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el porcentaje de insatisfacción con el peso corporal (INCP) en una muestra de hombres y mujeres adultos chilenos, analizando la relación de este factor con distintas variables sociodemográficas, psicológicas y conductuales, entre las que figuraron los CAA. Participaron 654 adultos de 18-64 años de edad (436 mujeres, 218 hombres ; con rango de edad de 18-64 años, índice de masa corporal promedio de 25.49 kg/m2), quienes fueron evaluados con base a una batería de cuestionarios de autoreporte. La INCP estuvo presente en 45.9% de la muestra, resultando significativamente mayor en las mujeres que en los varones. Fueron identificadas diferencias significativas en las escalas que evaluaron CAA, en función del índice de masa corporal y el sexo de los participantes, registrando puntuaciones significativamente mayores las mujeres y los participantes con obesidad. Al comparar entre participantes con vs. sin INCP, los primeros mostraron más CAA y menor actividad física. Los resultados de este estudio muestran que la INCP puede interactuar e influir sobre los hábitos alimentarios y la práctica de ejercicio físico.
Abstract The aims of this research were to estimate the percentage of body weight dissatisfaction in males and females Chilean adults, assessing its relationship with different sociodemographic, behavioral and psychological variables, and analyzing whether the presence of body weight dissatisfaction acts as a risk factor for some disordered eating behaviors. The 654 participants (436 women, 218 men; age range 18-64 years, mean body mass index [BMI] 25.49 kg/m2) were evaluated with a battery of self-administered questionnaires. The percentage of body weight dissatisfaction in the whole sample was 45.9% and significantly higher in women than men. Significant differences were observed in the clinical scales that evaluated disordered eating in function of the BMI of the participants; in those scales females also showed higher scores than males. Comparing participants with and without body weight dissatisfaction, the first one showed more unhealthy eating behaviors. The results of this study show how body weight dissatisfaction can interact and influence healthy habits, such as a daily eating behaviors and physical exercise.