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1.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 13(1): 61-71, ene.-feb. 2014.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-706709

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la Mycobacteriosis es una enfermedad producida por Mycobacterias ambientales, su diagnóstico hasta hace pocos años era un hecho ocasional, actualmente ha pasado a ser una patología relativamente frecuente, sobre todo en los pacientes SIDA y asociada a enfermedades pulmonares crónicas. Requiere tratamientos agresivos y prolongados, así como la exéresis quirúrgica en casos de afección pulmonar localizada. Objetivo: determinar la importancia de la cirugía como tratamiento alternativo en caso de fracaso del tratamiento farmacológico. Presentación de los casos: se presentan dos casos con diagnóstico de Mycobacteriosis ambiental, por Mycobacterium Avium. Pacientes con síntomas respiratorios de larga fecha de evolución, principalmente tos y expectoración, asociado a fiebre. En el segundo caso se recoge el antecedente de neumonías frecuentes durante la infancia, con diagnóstico de Bronquiectasias. En ambos se les aisló en el cultivo del esputo un Mycobacterium Avium, la prueba de Mantoux resultó negativa (0 mm) y en los estudios imagenológicos se presentan las formas típicas de esta enfermedad, dadas por lesiones fibrocavitarias en los lóbulos superiores. Conclusiones: en los casos presentados, hubo fracaso en el tratamiento farmacológico recomendados en la actualidad, manteniendo cultivos de esputo positivos a Mycobacterium Avium. Se realizó tratamiento quirúrgico, obteniendo resultados positivos, con esputos negativos y mejoría del estado clínico.


Introduction. Mycobacteriosis is a disease caused by environmental mycobacteria, until a few years ago its diagnosis was an occasional event. Today it has become a relatively frequent pathology, mainly in patients with AIDS and associated to chronic lung diseases. It requires aggressive treatments as well as surgical exeresis in the event of localized lung affections. Objective. determine the importance of the surgery as an alternative treatment when the pharmacological treatment fails. Case Presentation. two cases were presented with a diagnosis of environmental mycobacteriosis, caused by Mycobacterium Avium. Patients had respiratory symptoms of long evolution, mainly cough, expectoration, and associated fever. In the second case there were records of frequent pneumonias during childhood with diagnosed bronchiecstasias. In both cases in the sputum culture the Mycobacterium Avium was isolated, the Mantoux test was negative (0 mm) and in the radiological studies there were shapes that are usually seen in this disease caused by fibrocavitary lesions in the upper lobes. Conclusions. in the cases that were presented the pharmacological treatment normally recommended at present times failed, and the sputum cultures positive to Mycobacterium Avium persisted. Surgical treatment was conducted with positive results, negative sputums and improvement in the clinical condition.

2.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 9(4): 545-552, oct.-nov. 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-585176

ABSTRACT

La tuberculosis, infección bacteriana crónica causada por el Mycobacterium tuberculosis, declarada por la OMS (1993) como emergencia epidemiológica, afecta mayoritariamente los pulmones, pero puede afectar a otros órganos (Tb. Extrapulmonar), entre estos a la laringe, constituyendo la más frecuente enfermedad granulomatosa a este nivel y considerada una localización rara (menos de 1 por ciento); por ello nuestro interés de presentar un caso de Tuberculosis en faringe y laringe, con el objetivo de resaltar lo infrecuente de esta ubicación, los problemas diagnósticos y la importancia del estudio histopatológico. Paciente de 49 años, femenina, consulta por Odinofagia, se encuentra tumor en faringe, se realiza biopsia y el diagnóstico fue: Sarcoidosis faríngea, no regresó a consulta. Meses después asiste por disfonía, se visualiza tumor en laringe, se realiza biopsia y el informe fue carcinoma de laringe; se negó a tratarse. Cuatro meses más tarde, ingresa en el Hospital Neumológico, por disnea, tos y disfonía, el diagnóstico fue tuberculosis pulmonar (Cod 9). Interconsultan con Otorrinolaringología el tratamiento del cáncer laríngeo. Decidimos nueva revisión de las biopsias, y se arribó a las conclusiones siguientes: "Tuberculosis miliar acorde con su cuadro clínico y hallazgos anatomo-patológicos: (faringitis y laringitis granulomatosa); no se corresponde ni con Sarcoidosis ni con carcinoma Epidermoide previamente reportado.".


Tuberculosis is a chronic bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, declared by WHO in 1993 as epidemilogical emergency warning, affecting mostly the lungs but it can also damage others organs (Extra lung Tb) such as the larynxbeing the most frequent granulomatous disease as this level and it considered as a rare location (less than 1 percent), that is why we are so interested in presenting this case report of larynx and pharynx disease, with the aspiration to highlight how few are the cases with this location, the diagnostic problems and the importance of a histopathologic analysis. 49 years, female patient came to the consultation because of odenaphagia. A pharyngeal tumour was diagnosed and a biopsy was undergone which revealed pharyngeal Sarcoidosis. The patient did not come back to the consultation until several months later due to diphonia. A tumour in the larynx is visualized and a biopsy is undergone again which shoved to the positive for laryngeal cancer; the patient refuses to be treated. Four months later the patient is admitted to the hospital in the Neumology hospital with a clinical picture of dyspnea, cough and dysphonic. The diagnosis was pulmonary tuberculosis. A consult is carried out which the otorrhynolaringologyst and a new consideration came out, concluding by pathological anatomy as tuberculosis. Taking into account the clinical picture and the anatomopathological firdings that do not corresponded inther with Sarcoidosis or Epidermoide carcinoma previously reported. The characteristics of this case led to this presentation


Subject(s)
Pharyngeal Diseases/complications , Tuberculosis, Laryngeal , Case Reports
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