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GEN ; 61(2): 126-127, jun. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-664267

ABSTRACT

Los tumores gástricos benignos son poco frecuentes siendo los más reportados los leiomiomas y lipomas. En los últimos años, se ha descubierto una nueva entidad patológica denominada Tumores Estromales del Tracto Gastrointestinal (GIST), que derivan de las células de Cajal. El tratamiento es quirúrgico y son sensibles a quimioterapia. La manifestación clínica es variada y generalmente se presenta con plenitud, sangramiento o dispepsia. Los métodos diagnósticos son múltiples, la ecoendoscopia es de gran importancia para la susceptibilidad de resección endoscópica o quirúrgica. Se consultó paciente femenino de 18 años, sin patología previa, quien presentó malestar general, adinamia, palidez cutánea mucosa, mareos y cefalea. Se automedicó con analgésicos tipo AINES. Posteriormente hematemesis y melena. Al examen físico: palidez, taquicardia, llenado capilar lento, abdomen distendido, doloroso. Laboratorio: anemia, resto sin alteraciones. Ultrasonido abdominal: Loe epigástrico. Gastroscopia: tumor submucoso con sangrado activo, se aplicó ablación con Argón Plasma. Eco endoscópico concluye leiomioma gigante. Reporte de inmunohistoquímica positivo a vimentina y CD117 (CKIT). Compatible con tumor del estroma gastrointestinal, variedad epitelioide. Se realiza gastrectomía subtotal. Los GIST pueden tener un comportamiento benigno o potencialmente maligno con recidiva o metástasis.


Benign gastric tumors are infrequent, being leiomiomas and lipomas the more common among them. Recently a new pathological entity has been described denominated Gastro Intestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST) which originates from the Cajal cells. Treatment is mostly surgical and they are sensible to chemotherapy. Clinical manifestation varies, appearing generally with fullness, bleeding or dyspepsia. Diagnostic methods are multiple; ecoendoscopy is of great importance to determine treatment, whether endoscopic or surgical resection. We present a 18 years old female patient, without previous pathology, who presented with general malaise, adynamia, mucous cutaneous pallor, dizziness and migraine. Self-medicated with NSAID`s, presenting later hematemesis and melena. At physical examination: pallor, tachycardia, slow capillary filling, abdomen distended and painful. Laboratory: anemia, the rest without alterations. Abdominal ultrasound: Epigastric tumor. Gastroscopy: submucosal tumor with active bleeding, argon plasma coagulation was applied. Eco Endoscopy concluded a giant leiomioma. The immunohistochemistry report was positive for vimentine and CD117 (CKIT), compatible with a gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the epithelioid kind. A subtotal gastrectomy was performed. GIST can have a benign or potentially malignant behavior with relapse or metastasis.

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