Improvement of kidney apelin and apelin receptor in nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester induced rats

We have investigated the effect of 8 weeks aerobic training [AT] and Ferula gummosis supplement [FG] on apelin and apelin receptor [APJ], nitric oxide [NO] and angiotensin converting enzyme [ACE] of hypertensive rats. In a experimental study, 50 adult male wistar rats were classified into five groups; 1- AT, 2- FG, 3- combination of aerobic training + Ferula Gummosa supplement [TFG], 4- nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester [L-NAME], 5- shame [control] groups [SH]. The rats in the 1 to 4 groups received L-NAME [10 mg/kg, 6 times a week for 8 weeks]. Also, the 1 and 3 groups experienced the training of 15 to 22 m/min for 25 to 64 minutes, 5 times a week for 8 weeks, whereas, the 2 and 3 groups received Ferula gummosis supplement [90 mg/kg, 6 times a week for 8 weeks]. However, rats in 5 groups received NaCl solution. At protocols resulted in a significant increase in apelin and APJ as compared to control and L-NAME groups. The TFG protocols resulted in a markedly increase in apelin, APJ and significantly decrease of ACE levels as compared to L-NAME group. Chronically administration of L-NAME resulted increased, ACE, and reduced the levels of apelin, APJ and NO, as compared to control group. The results in this study show that physical regular activity with and without herbal treatment induce amplification in apelin/APJ system and down-regulation blood pressure in L-NAME induced hypertension in the rat kidney tissue

Individually and combined water-based exercise with ginger supplement, on systemic inflammation and metabolic syndrome indices, among the obese women with breast neoplasms

Background: Breast neoplasms has known as the most common cancer among the women worldwide, and relationship between obesity, metabolic syndrome, inflammation and cancer has been recognized since many years ago

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the individual and concomitant effect of 6-weeks water-based exercise and oral ginger supplement on markers that have related to metabolic syndrome and systemic inflammation in obese women with breast neoplasms

Patients and Methods: Forty women whose have diagnosed with breast neoplasms have volunteered to participate in the study. Subjects have randomly assigned into four groups; placebo, exercise training, ginger supplement and exercise training+ ginger supplement groups. Subjects in the ginger supplement group and the exercise training+ ginger supplement group have orally received 4 capsules, 7 days a week and for 6 weeks. The water-based exercise training program have collected at a progressive intensity and time, have ranged from 50% to 75% of heart rate reserve, in a pool, 4 times a week for 6 weeks. Fasting blood sampling has collected at the pretest and post-test

Results: The ginger supplementation and the water-base exercise have resulted in a reduction of hs-CRP, IL-10, insulin, glucose, insulin resistance, LDL-C, TG; but an increase in HDL-C and HDL-C/LDL-C. The water-base exercise and ginger supplement group have significantly shown larger positive effect in all outcomes, in comparison with the water-base exercise or ginger supplement alone groups

Conclusions: Findings have suggested that obese breast neoplasms survivors have commonly shown metabolic syndrome and elevated inflammation, which placed them at an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, data has indicated a protective effect of the nondrug strategies, such as water-base exercise and ginger supplementation have played an important role in pathogenesis of inflammatory and metabolic responses, among diagnosed breast neoplasms

[Combined effects of Curcuma longa and exercise training on kidney and spleen tissue levels of glutathione peroxidase and protein carbonyl in rats exposed to lead]

Environmental pollution is of major concern today and lead is considered to be one of the most important environmental pollutants. Long-term contact with lead causes harmful effects to humans. This study seeks to determine the effects of Curcuma longa [turmeric extract] consumption and exercise training on glutathione peroxidase and protein carbonyl in kidney and spleen tissues from rats exposed to lead. We randomly classified 60 male rats into the following six groups of 10 rats per group: 1] control; 2] sham [turmeric extract solvent]; 3] lead; 4] training + lead; 5] turmeric extract + lead; and 6] training + lead + turmeric extract. The training program for groups 3 and 6 consisted of running on a level treadmill for 40 sessions [eight weeks at five sessions per week] at a speed of 22 to 15 m/min for 26 to 64 minutes. Turmeric extract [30 mg/kg] was injected three times per week for eight weeks. Amounts of glutathione peroxidase and protein carbonyl were measured by ELISA. The amount of protein carbonyl in the kidney and spleen tissues of the lead group increased compared to the sham, training, combined and extract groups. Rats in the combined, extract and practice groups [F=4.787; P=0.002] had lower levels of protein carbonyl in their kidney and spleen tissues compared to the sham group [F=6.970, P=0.000]. Glutathione peroxidase levels in the kidney and spleen tissues were less in the lead group compared to the sham group. However these levels in the training, extract, and combined groups increased compared with the sham group [respectively, in kidney and spleen P=0.051, F=2.466 and P=0/086, F=2.11]. Intake of turmeric extract and exercise alone did not cause complete inhibition of the oxidative effects in kidney and spleen tissues. However, exercise and consumption of turmeric extract can be effective in reducing the harmful effects of lead

[Response of the cardiovascular physiological and functional markers following the short term taurine supplementation and burce protocol in patients with cardiac heart failure]

Although a series of cardiovascular risk factors have been recently identified, taurine deficiency has been demonstrated as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and has been poorly investigated in patients with Cardiac Heart Failure [CHF].The aim of present study was to investigate response of the cardiovascular physiological and functional markers following the short-term taurine supplementation and Burce protocol in patients with CHF. In a semi-experimental design, sixteen male CHF patients [classified in class II and III] aged between 50 to 65 yr. were randomly divided into taurine and placebo groups. The taurine group received 1.5 gr. of taurine [3 times daily 500 mg capsules], while at the same time, the placebo group consumed starch capsules for duration of 2 weeks. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, maximal activity time on treadmill by Bruce protocol, Vo2 peak and plasma taurine, cardiac troponin I and CPK-MB concentrations were measured before and after taurine supplementation by standard methods. Data was analyzed by using dependent and independent t- student tests at p

[Effects of taurine supplementation on response of the cardiac injury biomarkers to Bruce diagnostic protocol in patients with heart failure]

Taurine has an important role in regulating the cardiac electric activity and antiarrhythmias effects and it may improve heart failure. This study was designed to investigate the effect of taurine supplementation on response of the cardiac injury biomarkers to Bruce diagnostic protocol and exhaustive time in patients with heart failure. Sixteen patients between 50 to 65 years with heart failure, who were classified in II and III classes, were randomly divided into the taurine and placebo groups. The taurine received 1.5g taurine supplement 3 times a day in 500 milligram capsules and the placebo group consume starch capsules for two weeks. Plasma taurine, cardiac troponin I and CPK-MB concentrations were measured before and after taurine supplementation and also in each stage before and after performing the Bruce protocol [totally, 4 stages]. Plasma taurine, cardiac troponin I and CPK-MB concentrations were detected by using HPLC, ELISA and immunological methods, respectively. Results showed that Bruce protocol led to significant increase in cardiac troponin I and CPKMB concentrations and significant decrease in plasma taurine. Furthermore, taurine supplementation results in the resting level decrease of cardiac troponin I and CPK-MB. Also, taurine supplementation led to increase exhaustive time in comparison with placebo group and before supplementation stage, but it couldn't completely create preventive effect on cardiac troponin I and CPK-MB concentration after the Bruce protocol. Taurine supplementation in patients with heart failure who are taking standard medical treatment can increase their exercise capacity. Furthermore, our study supports this idea that the use of taurine supplementation can be recommended to people who suffer from cardiac events as a preventive strategy