Construcción de la identidad profesional en los pasantes de enfermería / Construction of professional identity in nursing interns

Introducción: Estudiar la identidad profesional en los pasantes de enfermería, es un proceso complejo por su diversidad conceptual y de compresión, que actualmente ha tomado auge en todas las disciplinas, con diferentes abordajes y de profundidad, para lograr un acercamiento a lo que "es" y conocer su proceso de construcción, consolidación y como se proyecta. Pregunta:¿Cómo se construye la identidad profesional en los pasante de enfermería?. Objetivo general: Analizar la construcción de la identidad profesional en los pasantes de enfermería durante el servicio social. Objetivo específico: Identificar los elementos que contribuyen a la construcción de la identidad profesional en los pasantes de enfermería durante el servicio social. Mostrar el proceso de construcción de la identidad profesional en los pasantes de enfermería durante el servicio social. Metodología: Estudio Cualitativo ­ Descriptivo. Técnica, entrevista en profundidad: 10 pasantes de enfermería en servicio social en las diferentes instancias. 6 mujeres ­ 4 hombres. Análisis: Una vez realizada las entrevistas, se trabajaron bajo la propuesta de Rodríguez y Gil. Resultados: Emergieron seis categorías y dos subcategorías. 1) Elección de carrera 2) Contacto con la praxis de enfermería 3) Formación • Proceso de socialización profesional • Siguiendo un modelo 4) Afrontamiento, 5) Adaptación 6) Sentirme enfermero. Conclusiones: La identidad profesional de los pasantes de enfermería de la Escuela Nacional de Enfermería y Obstetricia, inicia cuando los estudiantes experimentan su primer contacto con el "quehacer" de enfermería y se va construyendo durante toda su trayectoria estudiantil, pero es el servicio social en donde se consolida, porque le permite estar día a día con su objeto de estudio "el cuidado", además de tener una interacción social, dándole sentido de pertenencia al grupo. Los pasantes en este contexto de "servicio social" van interiorización valores personales y profesionales, normas, símbolos y asumiendo un nuevo rol hasta la transformación de "sentirse enfermero".

Introduction: The study of professional identity in nursing interns is a complex process due to its conceptual diversity. It has lately gained importance in many fields and has been studied from different perspectives and approaches with theaim of defining what it is, as well as focusing on its development process, consolidation and how it will be enacted. Question: How is the professional identity in nursing interns constructed during their social service? Main Aim: To identify the elements that influence the development of professional identity in nursing students during their social service; as well as to examine the process of identity development. Methodology: Qualitative and descriptive research. In-depth interview: 10 nursing interns currently in different instances of social service. 6 women and 4 men. Analysis: After the interviews were carried out, they were examined using the proposal of Rodriguez y Gil Results: Six categories and two subcategories were obtained. 1) Degree choice 2) Contact with the practice of nursing 3) Training, and two subcategories • Professional socialization • Role model 4) Coping 5) Adaptation 6) Being a nurse Conclusions: Nursing professional identity in interns from Escuela Nacional de Enfermería y Obstetricia starts when students are first exposed to the professional endeavor and it continues developing throughout their years of study, but it is not but in the social service that the identity is consolidated because in a daily basis, they are allowed to be in contact with their subject matter: caring. Moreover, having social interaction create a sense of belonging. In the social service context, interns acquire professional and individual values, behaviours, attitudes and symbols, thus assuming a new role which will lead them to assert themselves as a nurse.

Venomous snakebites in children and adolescents: a 12 year retrospective review

Snakebite envenomation is a worldwide problem and in Costa Rica. The following is a retrospective review of 79 patients admitted to the Hospital Nacional de Ninos (HNN) from January 1985 to September 1996. Child's age ranged from 9 months to 14 years. The M: F ratio was 1.5:1. Sixty percent of the patients lived in remote rural areas. The most common clinical signs at the time of hospitalization were pain and edema. Fifty patients (63.29 per cent) showed moderate to severe envenomation grades. Fifty-one (64,55 per cent) was caused by Bothrops asper. Complications during hospitalization were compartment syndrome and secondary infection. Three children died, one from disseminated intravascular coagulation, another from renal insufficiency, and the third from a perforated duodenal ulcer. Patients who underwent early fasciotomy had signficantly less hospitalization and fewer infectious complications, (p<0.001). There was no relationship between the envenomation grade and length of hospitalization (p=0.4). The most common pathogen isolated was S. aureus. Early fasciotomy seemed to reduce the complications seen in these patients. Further studies are necessary to identify the factors that may clinicians to decide those who should undergo fasciotomy, as well as the best moment to perform it